VIM自動補全神器 — YouCompleteMe 安裝全教程
轉載地址： http://blog.csdn.net/mr_zing/article/details/44263385
VIM自動補全神器 — YouCompleteMe 安裝全教程
前言
幾天前覺得YCM在補全類成員的時候會變卡，就決定重灌一次。結果很美滿，但過程很痛苦。官方文件很多其他細節沒有說清楚（或者是我沒看清楚？），網路上很多教程都不太適合我，還有許多紕漏，在此記錄一下本人安裝的過程，希望對大家有幫助。
轉載請註明原作者（Mr_Zing）及出處。
最基本的準備
- linux系統（本機UBUNTU 14.04）
- Vim 7.3以上版本（本機Vim 7.4）
- git
- cmake
- 網際網路
Ubuntu系統可以通過以下命令安裝 vim , Git , cmake
sudo apt-get install vim
sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get install cmake- 1
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其他系統的安裝方法請自行搜尋
接下來安裝
- LLVM-Clang 3.3
- Clang 標準庫
安裝LLVM-Clang 3.3
注意：不要跳過任何一步，除非你可以確定已經安裝或者不需要。
建立目錄
mkdir ~/llvm-clang- 1
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下載
點選連結，放到剛建立的llvm-clang資料夾中
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llvm-3.3原始碼
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clang-3.3原始碼
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clang-tools-extra-3.3原始碼
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compiler-rt-3.3原始碼
解壓
終端工作目錄在llvm-clang/
tar -xvzf llvm-3.3.src.tar.gz
tar -xvzf compiler-rt-3.3.src.tar.gz
tar -xvzf clang-tools-extra-3.3.src.tar.gz
tar -xvzf cfe-3.3.src.tar.gz- 1
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移動
為了可以一起編譯
mv cfe-3.3.src/ llvm-3.3.src/tools/clang/
mv clang-tools-extra-3.3.src/ llvm-3.3.src/tools/clang/extra/
mv compiler-rt-3.3.src/ llvm-3.3.src/projects/compiler-rt/- 1
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下載
LLVM、clang 及輔助庫原始碼
cd ~/llvm-clang
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
cd llvm/tools
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
cd ../..
cd llvm/tools/clang/tools
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/trunk extra
cd ../../../..
cd llvm/projects
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/compiler-rt/trunk compiler-rt
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建立編譯資料夾
防止汙染原始碼
cd ~/llvm-clang
mkdir llvm-build
cd llvm-build/
../llvm-3.3.src/configure --enable-optimized- 1
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此種配置後，llv-clang預設安裝到目錄 /usr/local/ 下， 如果想改變安裝目錄，則加上配置： –prefix=Path 來制定
開始編譯
很久…
make -j4
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如果以後要解除安裝：
cd ~/llvm-clang
sudo make uninstall- 1
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安裝Clang 標準庫
clang 的標準庫————libc++(介面層)和 libc++abi(實現層)需要安裝標頭檔案和動態連結庫(.so)*
安裝 libc++
cd ~/llvm-clang
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/trunk libcxx
cd libcxx/lib
./buildit- 1
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複製.so檔案和標頭檔案
sudo cp -r ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/include/ /usr/include/c++/v1/
ln -s ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/lib/libc++.so.1.0 ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/lib/libc++.so.1
ln -s ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/lib/libc++.so.1.0 ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/lib/libc++.so
sudo cp ~/llvm-clang/libcxx/lib/libc++.so* /usr/lib/- 1
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複製需要管理許可權，也就是輸入密碼…
安裝 libc++abi 和 動態連結庫，以及複製…
cd ~/llvm-clang/
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxxabi/trunk libcxxabi
cd libcxxabi/lib
./buildit
sudo cp -r ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/include/ /usr/include/c++/v1/
ln -s ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/lib/libc++abi.so.1.0 ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/lib/libc++abi.so.1
ln -s ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/lib/libc++abi.so.1.0 ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/lib/libc++abi.so
sudo cp ~/llvm-clang/libcxxabi/lib/libc++abi.so* /usr/lib/- 1
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至此，前期準備完畢。
開始編譯安裝 YCM
- 通過 Vundle 或 git 安裝 YCM
- 編譯
- 編輯.ycm_extra_conf.py
- 配置 .vimrc
通過 Vundle 安裝 YCM
注意：此方法簡單但不直觀，下載過程沒有及時反饋，可能讓人失去耐心（難道只有我是這樣的？）
*本段參考–百度Linux貼吧：vim智慧補全外掛YouCompleteMe新手完全攻略
作者：蘿蔔特頭*
安裝Vundle
1.將Vundle安裝到 ~/.vim/bundle/vundle
git clone https://github.com/gmarik/vundle.git ~/.vim/bundle/vundle- 1
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2.編輯 .vimrc 檔案
- 開啟
gedit ~/.vimrc- 1
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- 在檔案末尾新增
""""""""""""""""""""" Vundle
set nocompatible
filetype off
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/vundle
call vundel#rc()
Bundle 'gmarik/vundle'
Bundle 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
filetype plugin indent on
""""""""""""""""""""" Vundle- 1
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關鍵的是其中以Bundle開頭的行，每一個Bundle代表一個vim外掛，這些省略完整URL外掛都是託管在github 上的。如果想要安裝新的外掛，在call vundle#rc()和filetype plugin indent on之間新增新的Bundle外掛名稱即可。
3.開始下載安裝
:source ~/.vimrc
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如果你發現，這怎麼這麼久都沒動靜，是正常的，幾十M且歪果伺服器呢。
安裝過程中，正在安裝的外掛左邊會有 > 標識，安裝完畢的是 +或- 。
安裝結束後，會在狀態列看見Done字樣。
注意：安裝結束之後，開啟vim會出現錯誤：
ycm_client_support.[so|pyd|dll] and ycm_core.[so|pyd|dll] not detected; you need
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通過 git 安裝 YCM
本段參考– marchtea 的部落格，被Vim自動補全神器–YouCompleteMe 引用。
進入目標資料夾並下載
mkdir ~/.vim/bundle/
cd ~/.vim/bundle/
git clone --recursive https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe.git
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說明：
1. 建立資料夾，如果已經存在，可以跳過。
2. 進入資料夾
3. 從
git 下載 YCM 檔案
4. 檢查倉庫（即資料夾）的完整性，不可跳過
下載過程挺久，但能看到螢幕一堆堆東西跑過去還是比較安心的呀！
編譯
- 進入資料夾開始編譯
cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
./install.sh --clang-completer --system-libclang- 1
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說明：
- 1.進入資料夾
- 2.編譯。
--clang-completer是用於C-Family的補全，不需要可以去掉。因為系統已經安裝好了clang，所以有--system-libclang
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建立資料夾並開始編譯
mkdir ~/ycm_build
cd ~/ycm_build
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DUSE_SYSTEM_LIBclang=ON -DEXTERNAL_LIBCLANG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/libclang.so . ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/cpp
make ycm_core
make ycm_support_libs- 1
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- 說明：
- 1.建立編譯目錄
- 2.進入目錄
- 3.開始編譯
- 4.在YouCompleteMe中生成libclang.so和ycm_core.so檔案
- 5.生成第三個檔案ycm_client_support.so
注意： 如果這裡出錯，大概到80%時說缺少標頭檔案<clang.h>什麼的，那就是前面沒有認真安裝好。
編輯.ycm_extra_conf.py
開啟
gedit ~/.ycm_extra_conf.py- 1
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輸入（如果已存在就覆蓋，也可以什麼都不做）
# This file is NOT licensed under the GPLv3, which is the license for the rest
# of YouCompleteMe.
#
# Here's the license text for this file:
#
# This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
#
# Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or
# distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled
# binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any
# means.
#
# In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors
# of this software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the
# software to the public domain. We make this dedication for the benefit
# of the public at large and to the detriment of our heirs and
# successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of
# relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to this
# software under copyright law.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
# OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
# ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#
# For more information, please refer to <http://unlicense.org/>
import os
import ycm_core
# These are the compilation flags that will be used in case there's no
# compilation database set (by default, one is not set).
# CHANGE THIS LIST OF FLAGS. YES, THIS IS THE DROID YOU HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR.
flags = [
'-Wall',
'-Wextra',
#'-Werror',
#'-Wc++98-compat',
'-Wno-long-long',
'-Wno-variadic-macros',
'-fexceptions',
'-stdlib=libc++',
# THIS IS IMPORTANT! Without a "-std=<something>" flag, clang won't know which
# language to use when compiling headers. So it will guess. Badly. So C++
# headers will be compiled as C headers. You don't want that so ALWAYS specify
# a "-std=<something>".
# For a C project, you would set this to something like 'c99' instead of
# 'c++11'.
'-std=c++11',
# ...and the same thing goes for the magic -x option which specifies the
# language that the files to be compiled are written in. This is mostly
# relevant for c++ headers.
# For a C project, you would set this to 'c' instead of 'c++'.
'-x',
'c++',
'-I',
'.',
'-isystem',
'/usr/include',
'-isystem',
'/usr/local/include',
'-isystem',
'/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include',
'-isystem',
'/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1',
]
# Set this to the absolute path to the folder (NOT the file!) containing the
# compile_commands.json file to use that instead of 'flags'. See here for
# more details: http://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html
#
# Most projects will NOT need to set this to anything; you can just change the
# 'flags' list of compilation flags. Notice that YCM itself uses that approach.
compilation_database_folder = ''
if os.path.exists( compilation_database_folder ):
database = ycm_core.CompilationDatabase( compilation_database_folder )
else:
database = None
SOURCE_EXTENSIONS = [ '.cpp', '.cxx', '.cc', '.c', '.m', '.mm' ]
def DirectoryOfThisScript():
return os.path.dirname( os.path.abspath( __file__ ) )
def MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute( flags, working_directory ):
if not working_directory:
return list( flags )
new_flags = []
make_next_absolute = False
path_flags = [ '-isystem', '-I', '-iquote', '--sysroot=' ]
for flag in flags:
new_flag = flag
if make_next_absolute:
make_next_absolute = False
if not flag.startswith( '/' ):
new_flag = os.path.join( working_directory, flag )
for path_flag in path_flags:
if flag == path_flag:
make_next_absolute = True
break
if flag.startswith( path_flag ):
path = flag[ len( path_flag ): ]
new_flag = path_flag + os.path.join( working_directory, path )
break
if new_flag:
new_flags.append( new_flag )
return new_flags
def IsHeaderFile( filename ):
extension = os.path.splitext( filename )[ 1 ]
return extension in [ '.h', '.hxx', '.hpp', '.hh' ]
def GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename ):
# The compilation_commands.json file generated by CMake does not have entries
# for header files. So we do our best by asking the db for flags for a
# corresponding source file, if any. If one exists, the flags for that file
# should be good enough.
if IsHeaderFile( filename ):
basename = os.path.splitext( filename )[ 0 ]
for extension in SOURCE_EXTENSIONS:
replacement_file = basename + extension
if os.path.exists( replacement_file ):
compilation_info = database.GetCompilationInfoForFile(
replacement_file )
if compilation_info.compiler_flags_:
return compilation_info
return None
return database.GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename )
def FlagsForFile( filename, **kwargs ):
if database:
# Bear in mind that compilation_info.compiler_flags_ does NOT return a
# python list, but a "list-like" StringVec object
compilation_info = GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename )
if not compilation_info:
return None
final_flags = MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute(
compilation_info.compiler_flags_,
compilation_info.compiler_working_dir_ )
# NOTE: This is just for YouCompleteMe; it's highly likely that your project
# does NOT need to remove the stdlib flag. DO NOT USE THIS IN YOUR
# ycm_extra_conf IF YOU'RE NOT 100% SURE YOU NEED IT.
#try:
# final_flags.remove( '-stdlib=libc++' )
#except ValueError:
# pass
else:
relative_to = DirectoryOfThisScript()
final_flags = MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute( flags, relative_to )
return {
'flags': final_flags,
'do_cache': True
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此配置檔案摘抄自 marchtea 的部落格 ， 被 Vim自動補全神器–YouCompleteMe 引用。
編輯 .vimrc
開啟
gedit ~/.vimrc- 1
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複製貼上到末尾
" 自動補全配置
set completeopt=longest,menu "讓Vim的補全選單行為與一般IDE一致(參考VimTip1228)
autocmd InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|pclose|endif "離開插入模式後自動關閉預覽視窗
inoremap <expr> <CR> pumvisible() ? "\<C-y>" : "\<CR>" "回車即選中當前項
"上下左右鍵的行為 會顯示其他資訊
inoremap <expr> <Down> pumvisible() ? "\<C-n>" : "\<Down>"
inoremap <expr> <Up> pumvisible() ? "\<C-p>" : "\<Up>"
inoremap <expr> <PageDown> pumvisible() ? "\<PageDown>\<C-p>\<C-n>" : "\<PageDown>"
inoremap <expr> <PageUp> pumvisible() ? "\<PageUp>\<C-p>\<C-n>" : "\<PageUp>"
"youcompleteme 預設tab s-tab 和自動補全衝突
"let g:ycm_key_list_select_completion=['<c-n>']
let g:ycm_key_list_select_completion = ['<Down>']
"let g:ycm_key_list_previous_completion=['<c-p>']
let g:ycm_key_list_previous_completion = ['<Up>']
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf=0 "關閉載入.ycm_extra_conf.py提示
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tags_files=1 " 開啟 YCM 基於標籤引擎
let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion=2 " 從第2個鍵入字元就開始羅列匹配項
let g:ycm_cache_omnifunc=0 " 禁止快取匹配項,每次都重新生成匹配項
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax=1 " 語法關鍵字補全
nnoremap <F5> :YcmForceCompileAndDiagnostics<CR> "force recomile with syntastic
"nnoremap <leader>lo :lopen<CR> "open locationlist
"nnoremap <leader>lc :lclose<CR> "close locationlist
inoremap <leader><leader> <C-x><C-o>
"在註釋輸入中也能補全
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments = 1
"在字串輸入中也能補全
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings = 1
"註釋和字串中的文字也會被收入補全
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 0
nnoremap <leader>jd :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR> " 跳轉到定義處- 1
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後話
至此 VIM 的補全神器 YCM 安裝完成，如果需要更加全面的配置方法，可以在 YCM 的 github主頁 上找到。
主要參考
- Vim自動補全外掛—-YouCompleteMe安裝與配置 – zhongcq
- vim智慧補全外掛YouCompleteMe新手完全攻略 – 蘿蔔特頭
- Vim自動補全神器–YouCompleteMe – 轉自 marchtea
- YCM的github專案主頁
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