Oracle DataGuard 11g 雙機實驗

空白葛發表於2016-11-18

|作業系統 | release 6.7 | release 6.7 |

一.Primary 資料庫配置及相關操作
1.確認primary庫處於歸檔模式
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 2
Next log sequence to archive 4
Current log sequence 4

2.將primary庫置為FORCE LOGGING 模式
SQL> alter database force logging;

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FOR
---
YES

Database altered.

3.新增STANDBY日誌檔案
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50m;

4.建立primary庫客戶端初始化引數檔案
1).建立主庫中的pfile
SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

2).備份到backup目錄用於建立備庫的pfile
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ cp ./initorcl.ora /home/oracle/backup/

3).修改後主庫pfile中內容如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'
#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=318767104
orcl.__sga_target=469762048
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=121634816
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=786432000
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#################################################################
#Parameters for Primary Database.
#################################################################
*.DB_NAME='orcl'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldg)'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcldg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
*.standby_file_management=auto

#################################################################
#Parameters which using for switch over from Primary to Standby.
#################################################################
*.FAL_SERVER=orcldg
*.FAL_CLIENT=orcl
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'
*.standby_archive_dest='/u01/app/oracle/archive_log'

4).通過pfile 重建spfile
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> create spfile from pfile='initorcl.ora';

File created.

5).修改監聽配置檔案
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.241)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
6).配置tnsnames.ora檔案
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin
orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.234)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)

orcldg =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.235)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcldg)
)
)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
7).啟動資料庫，測試
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ tnsping orcl

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2016 19:22:52

Used parameter files:

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.50.241)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)))
OK (0 msec)

alter database set standby database to maximize availability;
5.rman備份資料庫,在閃回區中
backup database plus archivelog;
backup current controlfile for standby;

二.Standby資料庫配置及相關操作

1.建立所需目錄（注意OMF管理的檔案）
show parameter dest
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcldg/trace
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcldg/cdump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archivelog
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archive_log
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

2.複製資料檔案到standby庫對應的目錄
從主資料庫伺服器上拷貝檔案
1).拷貝閃回區內容
scp -r ./* 192.168.20.235:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/

2).拷貝引數檔案
scp ./* 192.168.20.235:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs

3).拷貝密碼檔案
[oracle@stuaapp01 dbs]$ scp orapworcl 192.168.20.235:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/

4).拷貝監聽檔案和tns檔案
scp *.ora 192.168.20.235:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/

3.修改相應配置

1).修改監聽配置檔案
[oracle@stuaapp02 admin]$ vi listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.235)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

2).修改TNS配置檔案

3).重啟監聽服務
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

4).standby的初始化引數如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'
#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=318767104
orcl.__sga_target=469762048
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=121634816
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=786432000
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
#################################################################
#Parameters for Standby Database.
#################################################################
*.DB_NAME='orcl'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldg)'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg'
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='/u01/app/oracle/archive_log'
*.FAL_SERVER=orcl
*.FAL_CLIENT=orcldg
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

#################################################################
#Parameters which using for switch over from Standby to Primary.
#################################################################
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcl LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

5).通過該pfile 建立spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile= 'initorcldg.ora';

File created.
4恢復資料庫
啟動備庫到nomount
startup nomount
[oracle@dg2 admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@orcl auxiliary /
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
RMAN> exit
關閉資料庫
shutdown immediate

5.啟動redo 應用
startup nomount;
alter database mount standby database;

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

6.驗證
主庫
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/archivelog
Oldest online log sequence 73
Next log sequence to archive 75
Current log sequence 75
備庫
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/archivelog
Oldest online log sequence 70
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 75
7.切換到只讀模式
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.
SQL> alter database open read only;

Database altered.
8.切換到同步模式(不需要停庫)
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

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