允許Sublime編輯器在Ubuntu上輸入中文

Jaxu發表於2016-06-06
Ubuntu

　　Sublime Text是一款功能非常強大的輕量級程式碼編輯器，有關功能介紹和使用可以看我另一篇文章的描述http://www.cnblogs.com/jaxu/p/5037547.html

　　不過，在Ubuntu系統上Sublime Text不支援輸入中文，如何解決呢？

　　搜尋百度和Google，在github上發現了一個解決方案，經過嘗試可以使用。

　　其基本思路就是用C編寫一個hotfix然後編譯成共享庫，移到Sublime Text的安裝目錄中，啟動的時候帶上這個共享庫。步驟和shell命令在github上已經寫得非常清楚了，這裡我再詳細描述一下。

1. 編寫sublime-imfix.c原始檔，放在~/home目錄下（其實任何目錄都可以）。原始碼檔案在github上有下載，我這裡也給一份，方便copy：

/*
sublime-imfix.c
Use LD_PRELOAD to interpose some function to fix sublime input method support for linux.
By Cjacker Huang <jianzhong.huang at i-soft.com.cn>
gcc -shared -o libsublime-imfix.so sublime_imfix.c  `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0` -fPIC
LD_PRELOAD=./libsublime-imfix.so sublime_text
*/
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <gdk/gdkx.h>
typedef GdkSegment GdkRegionBox;

struct _GdkRegion
{
  long size;
  long numRects;
  GdkRegionBox *rects;
  GdkRegionBox extents;
};

GtkIMContext *local_context;

void
gdk_region_get_clipbox (const GdkRegion *region,
            GdkRectangle    *rectangle)
{
  g_return_if_fail (region != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (rectangle != NULL);

  rectangle->x = region->extents.x1;
  rectangle->y = region->extents.y1;
  rectangle->width = region->extents.x2 - region->extents.x1;
  rectangle->height = region->extents.y2 - region->extents.y1;
  GdkRectangle rect;
  rect.x = rectangle->x;
  rect.y = rectangle->y;
  rect.width = 0;
  rect.height = rectangle->height; 
  //The caret width is 2; 
  //Maybe sometimes we will make a mistake, but for most of the time, it should be the caret.
  if(rectangle->width == 2 && GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT(local_context)) {
        gtk_im_context_set_cursor_location(local_context, rectangle);
  }
}

//this is needed, for example, if you input something in file dialog and return back the edit area
//context will lost, so here we set it again.

static GdkFilterReturn event_filter (GdkXEvent *xevent, GdkEvent *event, gpointer im_context)
{
    XEvent *xev = (XEvent *)xevent;
    if(xev->type == KeyRelease && GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT(im_context)) {
       GdkWindow * win = g_object_get_data(G_OBJECT(im_context),"window");
       if(GDK_IS_WINDOW(win))
         gtk_im_context_set_client_window(im_context, win);
    }
    return GDK_FILTER_CONTINUE;
}

void gtk_im_context_set_client_window (GtkIMContext *context,
          GdkWindow    *window)
{
  GtkIMContextClass *klass;
  g_return_if_fail (GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT (context));
  klass = GTK_IM_CONTEXT_GET_CLASS (context);
  if (klass->set_client_window)
    klass->set_client_window (context, window);

  if(!GDK_IS_WINDOW (window))
    return;
  g_object_set_data(G_OBJECT(context),"window",window);
  int width = gdk_window_get_width(window);
  int height = gdk_window_get_height(window);
  if(width != 0 && height !=0) {
    gtk_im_context_focus_in(context);
    local_context = context;
  }
  gdk_window_add_filter (window, event_filter, context); 
}

2. 通過以下命令安裝C\C++編譯環境和gtk libgtk2.0-dev。

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev

3. 執行以下命令編譯共享庫。執行該命令時需要在sublime-imfix.c檔案所在的目錄。

gcc -shared -o libsublime-imfix.so sublime-imfix.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0` -fPIC

4. 將編譯好的庫移到Sublime Text的安裝目錄。如果你是通過Sublime Text官網直接下載.deb檔案並安裝的，在我機器上的預設位置是/opt/sublime_text

mv libsublime-imfix.so /opt/sublime_text

注意執行上述命令時需要在sublime-imfix.c檔案所在的目錄。

5. 通過下面的命令啟動Sublime Text編輯器，看看是否可以輸入中文啦？

LD_PRELOAD=./libsublime-imfix.so ./sublime_text

6. 你當然不想每次都在終端通過輸入命令來開啟Sublime Text編輯器，切換到/usr/share/applications目錄，編輯sublime_text.desktop檔案的內容如下。

cd /usr/share/applications/
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Sublime Text
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Sophisticated text editor for code, markup and prose
#Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text %F
Exec=bash -c "LD_PRELOAD=/opt/sublime_text/libsublime-imfix.so /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text"
Terminal=false
MimeType=text/plain;
Icon=sublime-text
Categories=TextEditor;Development;
StartupNotify=true
Actions=Window;Document;

[Desktop Action Window]
Name=New Window
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text -n
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Document]
Name=New File
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text --command new_file
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

注意看上面高亮的部分，將第5步中的啟動命令替換進去，注意相對路徑的位置。

7. 然後就沒有然後了。在dash或啟動欄中直接點選Sublime Text的圖示，在開啟的視窗中新建一個檔案，切換輸入法輸入中文吧！

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