Java springboot B2B2C o2o多使用者商城 springcloud架構 (三) 服務消費者(Feign)

happywawa發表於2019-04-03

一、Feign簡介

Feign是一個宣告式的偽Http客戶端,它使得寫Http客戶端變得更簡單。使用Feign,只需要建立一個介面並註解。它具有可插拔的註解特性,可使用Feign 註解和JAX-RS註解。Feign支援可插拔的編碼器和解碼器。Feign預設整合了Ribbon,並和Eureka結合,預設實現了負載均衡的效果。

簡而言之:

  • Feign 採用的是基於介面的註解
  • Feign 整合了ribbon

二、準備工作

繼續用上一節的工程, 啟動eureka-server,埠為8761; 啟動service-hi 兩次,埠分別為8762 、8773.

三、建立一個feign的服務

新建一個spring-boot工程,取名為serice-feign,在它的pom檔案引入Feign的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依賴spring-boot-starter-web,程式碼如下:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>service-feign</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>

  

在工程的配置檔案application.yml檔案,指定程式名為service-feign,埠號為8765,服務註冊地址為http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,程式碼如下:
複製程式碼
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eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8765
spring:
application:
name: service-feign

  在程式的啟動類ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients註解開啟Feign的功能:

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@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}

  定義一個feign介面,通過@ FeignClient(“服務名”),來指定呼叫哪個服務。比如在程式碼中呼叫了service-hi服務的“/hi”介面,程式碼如下:

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/**
* Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6.
*/
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}

  在Web層的controller層,對外暴露一個”/hi”的API介面,通過上面定義的Feign客戶端SchedualServiceHi 來消費服務。程式碼如下:

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@RestController
public class HiController {
@Autowired
SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);
}
}

  架構程式碼如下:

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