一、Feign簡介
Feign是一個宣告式的偽Http客戶端,它使得寫Http客戶端變得更簡單。使用Feign,只需要建立一個介面並註解。它具有可插拔的註解特性,可使用Feign 註解和JAX-RS註解。Feign支援可插拔的編碼器和解碼器。Feign預設整合了Ribbon,並和Eureka結合,預設實現了負載均衡的效果。
簡而言之:
- Feign 採用的是基於介面的註解
- Feign 整合了ribbon
二、準備工作
繼續用上一節的工程, 啟動eureka-server,埠為8761; 啟動service-hi 兩次,埠分別為8762 、8773.
三、建立一個feign的服務
新建一個spring-boot工程,取名為serice-feign,在它的pom檔案引入Feign的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依賴spring-boot-starter-web,程式碼如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 | <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" > <modelVersion> 4.0 . 0 </modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>service-feign</artifactId> <version> 0.0 . 1 -SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>service-feign</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version> 1.5 . 2 .RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF- 8 </project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF- 8 </project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version> 1.8 </java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Dalston.RC1</version> <type>pom</type> <scope> import </scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https: //repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled> false </enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </project> |
在工程的配置檔案application.yml檔案,指定程式名為service-feign,埠號為8765,服務註冊地址為http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,程式碼如下:
複製程式碼
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http: //localhost:8761/eureka/ server: port: 8765 spring: application: name: service-feign |
在程式的啟動類ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients註解開啟Feign的功能:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class ServiceFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication. class , args); } } |
定義一個feign介面,通過@ FeignClient(“服務名”),來指定呼叫哪個服務。比如在程式碼中呼叫了service-hi服務的“/hi”介面,程式碼如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | /** * Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6. */ @FeignClient (value = "service-hi" ) public interface SchedualServiceHi { @RequestMapping (value = "/hi" ,method = RequestMethod.GET) String sayHiFromClientOne( @RequestParam (value = "name" ) String name); } |
在Web層的controller層,對外暴露一個”/hi”的API介面,通過上面定義的Feign客戶端SchedualServiceHi 來消費服務。程式碼如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | @RestController public class HiController { @Autowired SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; @RequestMapping (value = "/hi" ,method = RequestMethod.GET) public String sayHi( @RequestParam String name){ return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name); } } |
架構程式碼如下:
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