Android 截圖分為四種：View 截圖、WebView 截圖、系統截圖和 adb 截圖

1、View 截圖

View 截圖是將當前 View 介面擷取下來，而對於螢幕上其他資訊比如：狀態列或其他應用的介面將無法擷取。

1.1 擷取除了導航欄之外的螢幕

// 開始截圖

private static byte[] screenshotView() {

// ⬇⬇⬇ 可直接放入點選事件中 ⬇⬇⬇

View view = getWindow().getDecorView(); // view可以替換成你需要截圖的控制元件，如父控制元件 RelativeLayout，LinearLayout

// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 設定快取，可用於實時截圖

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

view.draw(canvas);

// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空快取，可用於實時截圖

String bitmapString = getBitmapString(bitmap); // 點陣圖轉 Base64 String

// byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); // 點陣圖轉為 Byted

Log.d("111111 合併>>", "bitmapString ====:" + bitmapString);

matting_img02.setImageBitmap(bitmap); // ImageView控制元件直接圖片展示截好的圖片

// ⬆⬆⬆ 可直接放入點選事件中 ⬆⬆⬆

return drawByte;

}

// 點陣圖轉 Base64 String

private static String getBitmapString(Bitmap bitmap) {

String result = null;

ByteArrayOutputStream out = null;

try {

if (bitmap != null) {

out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);

out.flush();

out.close();

byte[] bitmapBytes = out.toByteArray();

result = Base64.encodeToString(bitmapBytes, Base64.DEFAULT); // Base64.DEFAULT會自動換行，傳給前端會報錯，所以要用Base64.NO_WRAP

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

try {

if (out != null) {

out.flush();

out.close();

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return result;

}

// 點陣圖轉 Byte

private static byte[] getBitmapByte(Bitmap bitmap) {

ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

// 引數1轉換型別，引數2壓縮質量，引數3位元組流資源

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);

try {

out.flush();

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return out.toByteArray();

}

1.2 擷取某個控制元件或者區域

// 方法1

private static byte[] screenshotView1() {

View view = title;

view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);

view.buildDrawingCache();

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getDrawingCache());

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

// 方法2

private static byte[] screenshotView2() {

View view = title;

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

// 使用 Canvas，呼叫自定義 view 控制元件的 onDraw 方法，繪製圖片

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

dView.draw(canvas);

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

2、WebView 截圖

WebView 截圖有四種方式

2.1 使用 capturePicture() 方法（已廢棄）

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {

Picture picture = webview.capturePicture();

//建立點陣圖

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(picture.getWidth(), picture.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

// 繪製(會呼叫 native 方法，完成圖形繪製)

picture.draw(canvas);

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

2.2 使用 getScale() 方法（已廢棄）

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {

float scale = webView.getScale();

int webViewHeight = (int) (webView.getContentHeight()*scale+0.5);

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(),webViewHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

webView.draw(canvas);

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

2.3 使用 getDrawingCache() 方法

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {

Bitmap bitmap = webView.getDrawingCache();

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bmp);

return drawByte;

}

2.4 使用 draw() 方法

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {

// webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 設定快取

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(), webView.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

webView.draw(canvas);

webView.destroyDrawingCache();

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

// webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空快取

return drawByte;

}

2.5 截長圖配置

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {

WebView.enableSlowWholeDocumentDraw();

}

setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);

WebView 截圖可能擷取不到 cavans 元素，原因是開啟了硬體加速，可在 AndroidManifest.xml 中設定屬性 android:hardwareAccelerated="false"

關閉硬體加速可能導致頁面出現意外情況

3、系統截圖

3.1 MediaProjection

public static final int REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION = 10001;

// 申請截圖許可權

private void getScreenShotPower() {

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {

MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);

if (mProjectionManager != null) {

startActivityForResult(mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(), REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION);

}

private MediaProjection mMediaProjection;

// 回撥

@Override

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {

super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

if (requestCode == REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION && data != null) {

if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {

MediaProjection mediaProjection = mMediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);

if (mediaProjection == null) {

Toast.makeText(this,"程式發生錯誤:MediaProjection@1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return;

}

// mediaProjection 就是當前螢幕流

} else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {

Log.d(TAG, "使用者取消");

}

3.2 Surface（需要 root 許可權）

使用前需要：

在 AndroidMenifest.xml 中新增 android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system" 屬性

需要給程式新增系統簽名

或者 root 系統

使用 Java 反射機制，呼叫系統 API 截圖：

private void screenshotSystem() {

Class<?> surfaceClass;

Method method = null;

Bitmap bitmap = null;

try {

if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {

surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.SurfaceControl");

} else {

surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.Surface");

}

method = surfaceClass.getDeclaredMethod("screenshot", Integer.TYPE, Integer.TYPE);

method.setAccessible(true);

bitmap = (Bitmap)method.invoke((Object)null, webview.getWidth(), webview.getHeight());

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e){

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchMethodException e){

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e){

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvocationTargetException e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

3.3 PixelCopy

private void screenshotSystem() {

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {

PixelCopy.request(getWindow(), bitmap, new PixelCopy.OnPixelCopyFinishedListener() {

@Override

public void onPixelCopyFinished(int copyResult){

if (PixelCopy.SUCCESS == copyResult) {

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

} else {

// onErrorCallback()

}

}, new Handler());

}

3.4 framebuffer（需要 root 許可權）

String DEVICE_NAME = "/dev/graphics/fb0";

File deviceFile = new File(DEVICE_NAME);

Process localProcess = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("supersu");

String str = "cat " + deviceFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\n";

localProcess.getOutputStream().write(str.getBytes());

return localProcess.getInputStream();

3.5 screencap 命令（需要 root 許可權）

private static String getScreenshot(){

Process process = null;

String filePath = "mnt/sdcard/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png";

try {

process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");

PrintStream outputStream = null;

outputStream = new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(process.getOutputStream(), 8192));

outputStream.println("screencap -p " + filePath);

outputStream.flush();

outputStream.close();

process.waitFor();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if(process != null){

process.destroy();

}

return filePath;

}

4、adb 截圖

$ adb shell
shell@ $ screencap /sdcard / screen.png
shell@ $ exit
$ adb pull /sdcard / screen.png

Android 截圖實現的幾種方式

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