Selenium 有很多功能， 但其核心是 web 瀏覽器自動化的一個工具集，它允許使用者模擬終端使用者執行的常見活動；將文字輸入到欄位中，選擇下拉值和核取方塊，並單擊文件中的連結。 它還提供許多其他控制元件，比如滑鼠移動、任意 JavaScript 執行等等。
雖然 Selenium 主要用於網站的前端測試，但其核心是瀏覽器使用者代理庫。本次來說說， Python使用Selenium呼叫Chrome瀏覽器並透過HTTP代理進行自動化測試：
程式碼示例：
```python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
targetURL = "訪問的目標站點
proxyAddr = "您的代理IP:埠號"
if __name__ == '__main__':
browser_location = r".\Chrome\chrome.exe" #指定瀏覽器路徑位置
driver_location = r".\Chrome\chromedriver.exe" #指定Driver路徑位置
option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
option.binary_location = browser_location #設定瀏覽器位置
option.add_argument("--start-maximized") #視窗最大化執行
option.add_argument('--proxy-server=%(server)s' % {"server": proxyAddr})
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(driver_location), options=option)
driver.get(targetURL)
print(driver.page_source)
```
執行結果：
賬密模式程式碼如下：
from selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
import string
import zipfile
targetURL = "訪問的目標站點
proxyHost = "您的代理IP"
proxyPort = "埠號"
authKey = "請改成您的Key"
password = "請改成您的AuthPwd"
# 賬密模式
def create_proxy_auth_extension(proxy_host, proxy_port, proxy_username, proxy_password, scheme='http', plugin_path=None):
if plugin_path is None:
plugin_path = r'./{}_{}_qgnet_proxyauth_plugin.zip'.format(proxy_username, proxy_password)
manifest_json = """
{
"version": "1.0.0",
"manifest_version": 2,
"name": "QG.NET Proxy",
"permissions": [
"proxy",
"tabs",
"unlimitedStorage",
"storage",
"",
"webRequest",
"webRequestBlocking"
],
"background": {
"scripts": ["background.js"]
},
"minimum_chrome_version":"22.0.0"
}
"""
background_js = string.Template(
"""
var config = {
mode: "fixed_servers",
rules: {
singleProxy: {
scheme: "${scheme}",
host: "${host}",
port: parseInt(${port})
},
bypassList: ["localhost"]
}
};
chrome.proxy.settings.set({value: config, scope: "regular"}, function() {});
function callbackFn(details) {
return {
authCredentials: {
username: "${username}",
password: "${password}"
}
};
}
chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(
callbackFn,
{urls: [""]},
['blocking']
);
"""
).substitute(
host=proxy_host,
port=proxy_port,
username=proxy_username,
password=proxy_password,
scheme=scheme,
)
with zipfile.ZipFile(plugin_path, 'w') as zp:
zp.writestr("manifest.json", manifest_json)
zp.writestr("background.js", background_js)
return plugin_path
if __name__ == '__main__':
# browser_location = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Chrome\chrome.exe" # 指定瀏覽器路徑位置
driver_location = r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Chrome\chromedriver.exe" # 指定Driver路徑位置
proxy_auth_plugin_path = create_proxy_auth_extension(
proxy_host=proxyHost,
proxy_port=proxyPort,
proxy_username=authKey,
proxy_password=password)
option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
# option.binary_location = browser_location #設定瀏覽器位置
option.add_argument("--start-maximized") #視窗最大化執行
option.add_extension(proxy_auth_plugin_path) #新增proxy外掛
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(driver_location), options=option)
driver.get(targetURL)
print(driver.page_source)
返回結果如下：
