為VMware增加虛擬硬碟

轉自：http://hi.baidu.com/shenshuilanl/blog/item/3f07caf84d92770ed8f9fd47.html

建立虛擬硬碟
1、關閉VM中正在執行的虛擬系統；
2、在虛擬系統名稱上點右鍵－》Virtual Machine Settings；
3、在Hardware頁點“Add”－》Add a hard disk－》Create a new virtual disk－》SCSI(recommended)－》分配空間大小－》OK；
4、可以看見Hardware中出現了一塊新的硬碟Hard Disk 2。

對虛擬硬碟進行分割槽和格式化（轉載自bixuan）
# fdisk -l ## 這裡是檢視目前系統上有幾塊硬碟

Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes ## 這裡發現/dev/sdb，容量36.7G，且未被分割槽
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
# fdisk /dev/sdb ## 接下去就對/dev/sdb分割槽進行分割槽

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4462.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p ## 列印出目前該硬碟下的分割槽列表

Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n ## 增加一個分割槽
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
## 因為通常選擇主分割槽，所以這裡打一個p
p
Partition number (1-4): 1 ## 這裡因為是第一個分割槽，所以只選擇1，如果是第二個分割槽，則選擇2,依次類推
First cylinder (1-4462, default 1): ## 新分割槽起始的磁碟塊數
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4462, default 4462): 如果要分割槽10G，這裡可以直接輸入：+10240M，因為這裡要全部使用硬碟空間，則用預設
Using default value 4462

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
## 這裡第一個分割槽已經分好了，接下去得把這個分割槽寫入硬碟，用w
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

下面的工作就是對該硬碟進行格式，我這裡是格式化成ext3
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 (這裡原來的命令是：mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1，試了一下不成 功，改了)
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
4480448 inodes, 8960245 blocks
448012 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
274 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16352 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

檢查一下，是否已經格式好
# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux

掛載虛擬硬碟
分割槽分好，也格式化好了，下面就是掛載
我把/dev/sdb1掛載到/data1下
# mkdir /data1 ## 首先建立掛載的目錄data1
# mount /dev/sdb1 /data1 ##將sdb1掛載到data1

重啟系統之後，檢視是否掛載成功：
# df -h
檔案系統 容量 已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/sda1 2.0G 454M 1.4G 25% /
/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
/dev/sdb1 34G 33M 32G 1% /data1
none 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2 9.7G 1.5G 7.7G 17% /usr
/dev/sda5 9.7G 8.6G 559M 95% /var

這裡看到/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
說明已經掛載成功了。到根目錄“/”下可以檢視到這個掛載好的data1。

設定自動掛載：
# vi /etc/fstab ## 用vi修改/etc/fstab，使系統啟動就可以自動掛載
（點選“i”進入插入模式對文字內容進行修改，改好後點“Esc”，輸入冒號“:”進入命令列模式，輸入wq儲存退出，具體操作可以參考vi常用指令）

在內容中加上一行：
/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext3 defaults 1 2