android原生的資料庫實現(ContentProvider+SQLiteOpenHelper)

desaco發表於2016-03-03
Android資料庫IDESQLite

其實網上有很多比較不錯的orm移動開發框架，相對還是比較優秀，可以節省大把的開發時間，但我個人認為，現在這個還不是很穩定，而且，在效率上，我持保守態度，移動開發上，應相對的少用反射和抽象介面，而網路上的一些第三方的框架，卻抓住這個大用特用，個人覺得，不大好，另外，採用android原生的資料庫實現方案，還有個極大的好處是：很容易實現產品生態系統，這個是其他的orm所不易達到的。也即，可以輕而易舉地實現我們的幾個應用間的資料共享和互動，URI訪問即可，從而形成一個生態圈的目的，具體的，就不多說了。

   這個demo是一個完整的db操作，但只給出了一個實體的db實現，不過，足以：

程式結構圖：

後面的所有db操作，都會被封裝到DBManager中，也即，以後應用的db操作，只需通過DBManager進行互動介面，具體的看TestDBAct中實現：

1、抽象實體基類 BasicEntity.java：

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package blockcheng.android.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
import org.json.JSONObject;
 
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.provider.BaseColumns;
 
public abstract class BasicEntity implements BaseColumns,Serializable, Parcelable{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7169909425485915669L;
     
    protected String entityName;
    protected String entityId;
    protected long lastUpdateTime;
     
    public static final String sDEFAULTSORT = "  lastUpdateTime desc";
    public static final String sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID = "lastUpdateTime";
    /**
     * demo methods
     * @param obj
     * @return
     */
    public static BasicEntity translateJson2Object(JSONObject obj){
        //TODO:this method must be override by subclass.
        return null;
    }
 
    public String getEntityName() {
        return entityName;
    }
 
    public void setEntityName(String entityName) {
        this.entityName = entityName;
    }
 
    public String getEntityId() {
        return entityId;
    }
 
    public void setEntityId(String entityId) {
        this.entityId = entityId;
    }
 
    public long getLastUpdateTime() {
        return lastUpdateTime;
    }
 
    public void setLastUpdateTime(long lastUpdateTime) {
        this.lastUpdateTime = lastUpdateTime;
    }
     
     
    public abstract ContentValues getContentValues();
     
    /**
     * demo method ：should be copy by subclass
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    public static BasicEntity fromCursor(Cursor c) {
        return null;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "id=" + entityId  + ", name="
                + entityName + ", lastUpdateTime=" + lastUpdateTime + "";
    }
}

2、廣告實體類AdvertisementEntity.java：

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package blockcheng.android.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
import org.json.JSONObject;
 
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Parcel;
 
public class AdvertisementEntity extends BasicEntity implements Serializable{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3045767248752772598L;
     
    /**
     * 廣告圖片路徑
     **/
    private String adPic;
    /**
     * 廣告型別  1主題 2 單個商品（後可擴充，客戶端可根據廣告型別設定廣告的點選狀態）
     **/
    private int adType;
    /**
     * 廣告物件地址（主題ID、單個商品ID或者其他）
     **/
    private String adTarget;
 
    //'廣告位置：1.banner（後擴充位置）
    private int adPosition;
    private String data;
 
    /**
     * demo methods
     * @param obj
     * @return
     */
    public static AdvertisementEntity translateJson2Object(JSONObject obj){
        //TODO:implement it later.
        AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();
        return aEntity;
    }
    public String getAdPic() {
        return adPic;
    }
 
    public void setAdPic(String adPic) {
        this.adPic = adPic;
    }
 
    public int getAdType() {
        return adType;
    }
 
    public void setAdType(int adType) {
        this.adType = adType;
    }
 
    public String getAdTarget() {
        return adTarget;
    }
 
    public void setAdTarget(String adTarget) {
        this.adTarget = adTarget;
    }
 
    public int getAdPosition() {
        return adPosition;
    }
 
    public void setAdPosition(int adPosition) {
        this.adPosition = adPosition;
    }
 
    public String getData() {
        return data;
    }
 
    public void setData(String data) {
        this.data = data;
    }
 
    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }
 
    /******************************************************************/
    /*********************Database config information********************/
    /******************************************************************/
     
    public static final String sTABLE_NAME = "AdvertisementEntity";
    public static final String sKEY_ADID = "adId";
    public static final String sKEY_ADNAME = "adName";
     
    public static final String sKEY_ADTYPE = "adType";
    public static final String sKEY_ADPIC = "adPic";
    public static final String sKEY_ADTARGET = "adTarget";
     
    /*
     * 要查詢的全部欄位
     */
    public  static String[] ADS_PROJECTION_ALL = new String[] {
        "adId","adName","lastUpdateTime",
        "adType","adPic","adTarget",
    };
 
    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    }
 
    @Override
    public ContentValues getContentValues() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        final ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(sKEY_ADID, getEntityId());
        values.put(sKEY_ADNAME, getEntityName());
        values.put(sKEY_ADTYPE, adType);
         
        values.put(sKEY_ADPIC, adPic);
        values.put(sKEY_ADTARGET, adTarget);
        return values;
    }
 
    public static AdvertisementEntity fromCursor(Cursor c) {
        AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();
         
        aEntity.entityId = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADID));
        aEntity.entityName = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADNAME));
        aEntity.adPic = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADTARGET));
        aEntity.adType = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADTYPE));
        aEntity.lastUpdateTime = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(BasicEntity.sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID));
        return aEntity;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "AdvertisementEntity [" + super.toString()+ "adPic= "+ adPic + ", adType=" + adType
                + ", adTarget=" + adTarget + ", adPosition=" + adPosition
                + ", data=" + data + "]" + super.toString();
    }
}
3、DB的一些常量配置 DBConfig.java：

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;
 
import android.net.Uri;
 
public interface DBConfig {
    public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "blockchengDB";
    public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
    public static final String DB_TAG = "blockcheng";
     
    public static final String AUTHORITY = "blockcheng.android";
    // content url
    public static final Uri CONTENT_URI_AdvertisementEntity = Uri
            .parse("content://" +AUTHORITY+
                    "/AdvertisementEntity");
    //search value
    public static final int sSEARCH = 10;
    public static final int sADVERTISEMENT  = 100;
    public static final int sADVERTISEMENT_ID  = 101;
 
}
4、建表類DBHelper.java:

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;
 
import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.util.Log;
 
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper implements DBConfig{
    public DBHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DBConfig.DATABASE_NAME, null, DBConfig.DATABASE_VERSION);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        StringBuffer createAdSql = new StringBuffer("CREATE TABLE'");
        createAdSql.append(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);
        createAdSql.append( "'('adId'  TEXT NOT NULL," );
        createAdSql.append( "'adName'  TEXT,");
        createAdSql.append("'lastUpdateTime'  real DEFAULT 0,");
        createAdSql.append("'adType'  INTEGER,");
         
        createAdSql.append("'adPic'  TEXT,");
        createAdSql.append( "'adTarget'  TEXT,");
        createAdSql.append( "PRIMARY KEY ('adId')" );
        createAdSql.append( ");");;
         
        Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "createAdSql::"+createAdSql.toString());
        db.execSQL(createAdSql.toString());
         
        String createIndexSql_0 = "CREATE INDEX 'id' ON '" +
                AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME +
                "' ('adId' ASC);";
        db.execSQL(createIndexSql_0);
 
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.w(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion
                + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data");
 
        db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " +
                AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);
        onCreate(db);
    }
 
}
5、contentProvider實現類DemoContentProvider.java：

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
 
import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity;
import blockcheng.android.model.BasicEntity;
 
import android.app.SearchManager;
import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteQueryBuilder;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
 
public class DemoContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private SQLiteOpenHelper dbHelper;
    private static final UriMatcher URI_MATCHER;
    static {//TODO 需要整合下面的地址：
        URI_MATCHER = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY,
                DBConfig.sSEARCH);
        URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY
                + "/*", DBConfig.sSEARCH);
         
        //advertisement uri config
        URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT);
        URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME+"/*", DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID);
         
    }
 
    // TODO: need more investigate.
    private static final HashMap<String, String> SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP;
    static {
        SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP = new HashMap<String, String>();
        SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,
                "topicName " + " AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1);
        SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,
                "goodName " + " AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2);
        SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(
                SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, AdvertisementEntity._ID + " AS "
                        + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID);
        SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(AdvertisementEntity._ID, AdvertisementEntity._ID);
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        dbHelper = new DBHelper(getContext());
        return true;
    }
 
    // TODO: update the manifest accordingly.
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/" + DBConfig.AUTHORITY + "."
                    + AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME;
         
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "insert::"+uri.toString());
        ContentValues values;
 
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        switch(URI_MATCHER.match(uri)){
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:
            if (initialValues != null) {
                values = new ContentValues(initialValues);
                values.put(BasicEntity.sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID, System.currentTimeMillis());
            } else {
                values = new ContentValues();
            }
            final long rowId = db.insert(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADPIC, values);
            if (rowId > 0) {
                Uri insertUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(DBConfig.CONTENT_URI_AdvertisementEntity, rowId);
                getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
                return insertUri;
            }
            throw new SQLException("Failed to insert row into " + uri);
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
        }
             
    }
 
    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "delete::"+uri.toString());
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int count;
        switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:
            count = db.delete(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:
            String adId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            count = db.delete(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,
                    AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID
                            + "="
                            + adId
                            + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(selection) ? " AND ("
                                    + selection + ')' : ""), selectionArgs);
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("   Unknown URI " + uri);
        }
        getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
        return count;
    }
     
 
    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where,
            String[] whereArgs) {
        Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::"+uri.toString() +": value="+values.toString());
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int count = -1;
        switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:
            Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::sADVERTISEMENT_ID");
            String adverstisementId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            count = db.update(
                    AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,
                    values,
                    AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID
                            + "='"
                            + adverstisementId
                            + "'"
                            + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where
                                    + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
            break;
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:
            Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::sADVERTISEMENT");
            String aidString = values.getAsString(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID);
            values.remove(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID);
            count = db.update(
                    AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,
                    values,
                    AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID
                    + "='"
                    + aidString
                    + "'"
                    + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where
                            + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
            break;
         
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
        }
        return count;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "query::"+uri.toString());
        SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
        String orderBy;
        switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:
            qb.setTables(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);
            break;
        case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:
            qb.setTables(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);
            qb.appendWhere(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID + "='"
                    + uri.getPathSegments().get(1) +"'");
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
        }
 
        // If no sort order is specified use the default
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) {
            orderBy = BasicEntity.sDEFAULTSORT;
        } else {
            orderBy = sortOrder;
        }
         
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = qb.query(db, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null,
                null, orderBy);
        c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
 
        return c;
    }
 
     
 
}
測試介面佈局：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="15dip" >
 
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/et_condition"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:ems="10"
        android:text="1"
         >
 
        <requestFocus />
    </EditText>
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/db_button1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:onClick="handleEvent"
        android:text="add " />
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/db_button2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:onClick="handleEvent"
        android:text="delete" />
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/db_button3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:onClick="handleEvent"
        android:text="update" />
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/db_button4"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:onClick="handleEvent"
        android:text="query" />
 
</LinearLayout>
測試類TestDBAct.java：

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package cn.helloclq.android.activity;
 
import blockcheng.android.R;
import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity;
import blockcheng.android.service.database.DBManager;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
 
public class TestDBAct extends Activity {
 
    EditText etCondition;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.dbtest_activity);
        etCondition = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_condition);
         
    }
     
     
    public void handleEvent(View view){
 
        String adIdString = etCondition.getText().toString();
        AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();
        aEntity.setEntityId(adIdString);
        aEntity.setEntityName("ad"+adIdString);
        aEntity.setAdType(Integer.parseInt(adIdString));
        aEntity.setAdTarget(adIdString);
         
         
        //public WebTaskTest(Context context, boolean showDialog,
//      boolean cancelAble, String dialogLoadingStr,
//      WebRequestCallbackInfc cb)
        switch(view.getId()) {
        case R.id.db_button1://add
            DBManager.getInstance().addAdvertiseMent(getContentResolver(), aEntity);
            break;
        case R.id.db_button2://delete
            DBManager.getInstance().deleteAdvertiseMentById(getContentResolver(), adIdString);
             
            break;
        case R.id.db_button3://update
            aEntity.setEntityName("ad update"+adIdString);
            DBManager.getInstance().updateAdervertiseEntity(getContentResolver(), aEntity);
            break;
        case R.id.db_button4://query
            DBManager.getInstance().querAllAdvertisementEntity(getContentResolver());
            break;
         
        }
         
         
         
    }
     
     
}
執行效果圖：


執行日誌：

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08-07 10:52:50.305: I/blockcheng(458): query::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity/1
08-07 10:52:50.415: I/blockcheng(458): createAdSql::CREATE TABLE'AdvertisementEntity'('adId'  TEXT NOT NULL,'adName'  TEXT,'lastUpdateTime'  real DEFAULT 0,'adType'  INTEGER,'adPic'  TEXT,'adTarget'  TEXT,PRIMARY KEY ('adId'));
08-07 10:52:50.434: I/blockcheng(458): insert::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity
08-07 10:52:50.455: I/blockcheng(458): addAdvertiseMent::AdvertisementEntity [id=1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=0adPic= null, adType=1, adTarget=1, adPosition=0, data=null]id=1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=0
08-07 10:53:08.567: I/blockcheng(458): query::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity
08-07 10:53:08.575: I/blockcheng(458): ad:AdvertisementEntity [id=1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=1375843970443adPic= 1, adType=1, adTarget=null, adPosition=0, data=null]id=1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=1375843970443
08-07 10:53:15.585: I/blockcheng(458): update::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity: value=adTarget=1 adType=1 adPic=null adId=1 lastUpdateTime=1375843995585 adName=ad update1
08-07 10:53:15.585: I/blockcheng(458): update::sADVERTISEMENT
08-07 10:53:17.355: I/blockcheng(458): delete::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity/1
08-07 10:53:18.835: I/blockcheng(458): query::content://blockcheng.android/AdvertisementEntity

麻雀雖小，五臟俱全，加多張表的話，也是如此的，就這樣吧，都寫了好一會兒了。

補充manifest檔案：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="blockcheng.android"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >
    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="4"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
 
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_USER_PRESENT" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW"/> 
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_LOGS"></uses-permission>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
         >
         <activity
            android:name="cn.helloclq.android.activity.TestAct"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:configChanges="mcc|mnc|locale|touchscreen|keyboard|keyboardHidden|navigation|screenLayout|fontScale|uiMode|orientation"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait" >
        </activity>
         <activity
            android:name="cn.helloclq.android.activity.TestDBAct"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:configChanges="mcc|mnc|locale|touchscreen|keyboard|keyboardHidden|navigation|screenLayout|fontScale|uiMode|orientation"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <provider
            android:exported="false"
            android:authorities="blockcheng.android"
            android:name="blockcheng.android.service.database.DemoContentProvider" />
         
    </application>
 
</manifest>

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