資料庫所有檔案丟失後透過RMAN實現恢復
a. 執行資料庫的完全備份，包含所有控制檔案、日誌檔案、資料檔案
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Mar 30 16:12:44 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1321883643)
備份資料庫
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 30-MAR-13
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=38 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=1 STAMP=796651137
input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=2 STAMP=796653229
input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=3 STAMP=811432370
input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=6 STAMP=811440733
input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=4 STAMP=811440733
input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=5 STAMP=811440733
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130330T161348_8of7owoq_.bkp tag=TAG20130330T161348 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=7 STAMP=811440827
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130330T161348_8of7ozxh_.bkp tag=TAG20130330T161348 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 30-MAR-13
Starting backup at 30-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130330T161353_8of7p2qg_.bkp tag=TAG20130330T161353 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:04:05
Finished backup at 30-MAR-13
Starting backup at 30-MAR-13
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=8 STAMP=811441081
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-MAR-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130330T161802_8of7xv8q_.bkp tag=TAG20130330T161802 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 30-MAR-13
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-MAR-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-MAR-13
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 229.50K DISK 00:00:00 30-MAR-13
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130330T161348
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130330T161348_8of7ozxh_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 2
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 1 1006386 30-MAR-13 1006669 30-MAR-13
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 1.15G DISK 00:03:55 30-MAR-13
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130330T161353
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130330T161353_8of7p2qg_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1006678 30-MAR-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
2 Full 1006678 30-MAR-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1006678 30-MAR-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1006678 30-MAR-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
5 Full 1006678 30-MAR-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 19.50K DISK 00:00:01 30-MAR-13
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130330T161802
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130330T161802_8of7xv8q_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 2 1006669 30-MAR-13 1006787 30-MAR-13
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:10 30-MAR-13
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130330T161806
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 30-MAR-13
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1006799 Ckp time: 30-MAR-13
b. 刪除控制檔案、引數檔案、資料檔案
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
SQL> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
SQL> !ls -l /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 Mar 30 16:20 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
SQL> !ls -l /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
ls: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora: No such file or directory
關閉資料庫
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
SQL>
c. 啟動例項，恢復引數檔案
Rman還是可以啟動例項
RMAN> startup
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 03/30/2013 16:25:09
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup;
Starting restore at 30-MAR-13
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/30/2013 16:26:11
RMAN-06495: must explicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command
RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup db_name='orcl';
Starting restore at 30-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/30/2013 16:26:58
RMAN-06495: must explicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command
RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup recovery area='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' db_name='orcl';
Starting restore at 30-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
database name (or database unique name) used for search: ORCL
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp found in the recovery area
AUTOBACKUP search with format "%F" not attempted because DBID was not set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 30-MAR-13
d. 重啟資料庫例項，恢復控制檔案，並裝載資料庫
恢復完引數檔案之後需要重啟一下例項。
RMAN> shutdown immediate
RMAN> startup
恢復控制檔案
RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup recovery area='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' db_name='orcl';
Starting restore at 30-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
database name (or database unique name) used for search: ORCL
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp found in the recovery area
AUTOBACKUP search with format "%F" not attempted because DBID was not set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/cntrlorcl.dbf
Finished restore at 30-MAR-13
掛載資料庫
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
還原資料庫
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 30-MAR-13
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 30-MAR-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 4 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 30-MAR-13
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 30-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 30-MAR-13
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2013_03_30/o1_mf_s_811441086_8of7y75l_.bkp
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130330T161353_8of7p2qg_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_03_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130330T161353_8of7p2qg_.bkp tag=TAG20130330T161353
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:02:52
Finished restore at 30-MAR-13
f. 恢復，開啟資料庫
RMAN> recover database;
RMAN> Alter database open resetlogs;
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/438414/viewspace-757469/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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