環境要求：在Centos7.x上安裝docker官方要求核心至少是3.10

1.檢視核心和作業系統版本
[root@docker-machine ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
[root@docker-machine ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

2.yum方式安裝——docker安裝提供了兩種方式，一種是yum，一種是透過scripts安裝，這裡我們選擇前者
[root@docker-machine ~]# yum update

3.新增yum repo
[root@docker-machine ~]# tee /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo <<-'EOF'
[dockerrepo]
name=Docker Repository
baseurl=
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=
EOF

4.安裝docker
[root@docker-machine ~]# yum install docker-engine
=================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================
Installing:
docker-engine x86_64 1.9.1-1.el7.centos dockerrepo 8.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
audit-libs-python x86_64 2.4.1-5.el7 base 69 k
checkpolicy x86_64 2.1.12-6.el7 base 247 k
docker-engine-selinux noarch 1.9.1-1.el7.centos dockerrepo 21 k
libcgroup x86_64 0.41-8.el7 base 64 k
libsemanage-python x86_64 2.1.10-18.el7 base 94 k
policycoreutils-python x86_64 2.2.5-20.el7 base 435 k
python-IPy noarch 0.75-6.el7 base 32 k
setools-libs x86_64 3.3.7-46.el7 base 485 k

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+8 Dependent packages)

5.啟動docker deamon並將其設定成開機自啟動
[root@docker-machine ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@docker-machine ~]# systemctl enable docker

6.使用docker info命令驗證docker安裝是否正常
[root@docker-machine ~]# docker info
Containers: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 1.9.1
Storage Driver: devicemapper
.....
.....
Data loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/data
Metadata loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/metadata
Library Version: 1.02.107-RHEL7 (2015-10-14)
Execution Driver: native-0.2
Logging Driver: json-file
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 1.947 GiB
Name: docker-machine
ID: TX5Y:GFE3:UDOT:2GCL:45MW:D75D:CS37:JWO2:GKNE:7WGX:IG63:JCK2
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
注：這裡遇到兩個警告，嘗試停止預設的firewalld服務，用iptables服務替換，警告依舊。目前還沒找到原因，但是不影響後面的使用

7.演示一些docker的基礎命令
7.1 檢視docker client和docker server的版本
[root@docker-machine ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.9.1
API version: 1.21
Go version: go1.4.2
Git commit: a34a1d5
Built: Fri Nov 20 13:25:01 UTC 2015
OS/Arch: linux/amd64

Server:
Version: 1.9.1
API version: 1.21
Go version: go1.4.2
Git commit: a34a1d5
Built: Fri Nov 20 13:25:01 UTC 2015
OS/Arch: linux/amd64

7.2 安裝完docker後會多出一個內網ip段（給docker container使用）
[root@docker-machine ~]# ip addr
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/ether 02:42:e6:44:58:df brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

7.3 查詢docker image
[root@docker-machine ~]# docker search jdk
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ingensi/oracle-jdk Official Oracle JDK installed on centos. 17 [OK]
jboss/base-jdk 14 [OK]
....

7.4 下載docker image——以hello-world映象為例
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker pull hello-world

7.5 檢視下載的image list
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
hello-world latest 0a6ba66e537a 9 weeks ago 960 B --剛下載的image

7.6 檢視docker container list
簡單介紹幾個與該命令相關的引數:
-a:顯示所有的container，不加此引數預設只顯示正在執行的container
-l:顯示最近建立的container
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
311f8051c47a hello-world "/hello" 6 seconds ago Created gloomy_williams
7628a02d613e hello-world "/hello" 53 seconds ago Created adoring_stallman

7.7 演示執行一個docker nginx image的過程
--下載docker nginx image
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker pull nginx
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
nginx latest 5328fdfe9b8e 3 days ago 133.8 MB

--建立對應的靜態頁面目錄以及靜態頁面
[root@docker-machine metadata]# mkdir -p /var/www/html
[root@docker-machine metadata]# echo "good good study,day day up" > /var/www/html/index.html

--在新的coantainer中執行nginx
簡單介紹幾個與該命令相關的引數:
--name:給容器指定一個名字
-d:使容器在後臺執行
-v:繫結掛載點，將宿主機目錄掛載到container中的目錄上
-p:埠對映，將宿主主機埠對映到container中的埠
[root@docker-machine metadata]# docker run --name test-nginx2 -d -p 8080:80 -v /var/www/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro nginx

--測試docker nginx image
[root@docker-machine metadata]# curl
good good study,day day up

哈哈，成功了，第一次接觸docker，感覺很新穎。

小丸子學Docker系列之——安裝Docker及基本命令的使用

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