mongodb副本叢集和分片叢集佈署
節點規劃
172.16.8.23 node1 PRIMARY 172.16.8.178 node3 SECONDARY
172.16.8.24 node2 SECONDARY 172.16.8.179 node4 ARBITER
一.mongodb副本集使用自帶功能進行主從切換(將node1,node2,node3節點配置成副本集)
(1).下載安裝,3臺節點是一樣(mongodb-4.0.8不支援主從複製架構)
[root@node1 ~]# wget
[root@node1 ~]# tar xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.8.tgz -C /opt/
[root@node1 opt]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.8/ mongodb-4.0.8
[root@node1 opt]# cd mongodb-4.0.8/
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# vim mongo.conf
dbpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/data --指定資料目錄
logpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/logs --指定日誌目錄
logappend=true --日誌追加方式寫入
directoryperdb=true --每個資料庫生成一個目錄
journal=true
port=27017 --埠
replSet=wuhan --副本集名字
bind_ip=172.16.8.23 --繫結IP地址
fork=true --後臺啟動
maxConns=1000 --最大連線數
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 23625
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# netstat -antulp | grep mongo
tcp 0 0 172.16.8.23:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23625/./bin/mongod
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
(2).在任意一臺節點建立副本集
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongo --host 172.16.8.23 --port 27017
MongoDB shell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://172.16.8.23:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("739167ac-f8aa-421e-88ca-8eb5035f3dc7") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
Server has startup warnings:
> rs.initiate( {_id : "wuhan",members: [{ _id: 0, host: "172.16.8.23:27017" },{ _id: 1, host: "172.16.8.24:27017" },{ _id: 2, host:
"172.16.8.178:27017" }]}) --配置副本集
wuhan:PRIMARY> rs.conf(); --檢視配置資訊
wuhan:PRIMARY> rs.status(); --檢視狀態資訊
wuhan:PRIMARY> use tong
switched to db tong
wuhan:PRIMARY> db.user.insert({"id":1});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
wuhan:PRIMARY> db.user.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca1f4170fc6cba325bfeec0"), "id" : 1 }
wuhan:PRIMARY>
(3).slave節點檢視資料
wuhan:SECONDARY> use tong
switched to db tong
wuhan:SECONDARY> db.user.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca1f4170fc6cba325bfeec0"), "id" : 1 }
wuhan:SECONDARY>
(4).副本集master和slave節點切換(當master節點當機後,slave節點會選出一個當master節點)
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# pkill mongod
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# netstat -antulp | grep mongo --node1節點關閉mongodb服務
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
[root@node2 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongo --host=172.16.8.24 --port 27017
MongoDB shell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://172.16.8.24:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("3a926e39-b5f5-44dc-850c-13b1618c9e74") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
wuhan:SECONDARY> rs.status();
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.16.8.24:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY", --node2變成PRIMARY狀態
wuhan:PRIMARY>
二.mongodb使用仲裁節點實現主從切換(將node1,node2,node3節點配置成副本集,node4是仲裁節點)
[root@node2 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongo --host=172.16.8.24 --port 27017 --在主節點新增仲裁節點
MongoDB shell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://172.16.8.24:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("d1913a0d-ce00-45f3-88c2-edd1259d9520") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
Server has startup warnings:
wuhan:PRIMARY> rs.addArb("172.16.8.179:27017") --新增仲裁節點
三.使用分片實現mongodb叢集(node1,node2,node3是副本集和分片節點,node4是路由)
mongos:查詢某資料時,先找configsvr詢問資料在哪個shard上.
configsvr:不儲存真正資料,儲存後設資料資訊,即某條資料在哪個分片上.
mongodb從3.4版本開始只支援副本集叢集才可以使用分片模式,配置伺服器(configsvr)少於3個情況下使用叢集分片只能用於測試環境,不能用於生產.
(1).在node1,2,3節點修改配置檔案(三個node都是一樣的)
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# vim mongo.conf --三個node節點都相同
dbpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/data
logpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/logs
logappend=true
directoryperdb=true
journal=true
port=27017
bind_ip=172.16.8.23
fork=true
maxConns=1000
replSet=wuhan
shardsvr=true
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf --啟動服務
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 32353
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
(2).在node1,2,3節點配置configsvr檔案(三臺cofigsvr除IP不一樣都是一樣的)
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# vim configsvr.conf
dbpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/data1 --目錄需要重新建立
logpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/logs1
logappend=true
directoryperdb=true
journal=true
port=27019
configsvr=true --開啟configsve
replSet=cfgset
bind_ip=172.16.8.23
fork=true
maxConns=1000
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongod -f configsvr.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 9857
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
(3).在node4節點配置mongos檔案(路由節點)
[root@node4 mongodb-4.0.8]# vim mongos.conf
logpath=/opt/mongodb-4.0.8/logs1
logappend=true
port=27030
configdb=cfgset/172.16.8.23:27019,172.16.8.24:27019,172.16.8.178:27019 -- cfgset 是副本集名字,IP地址和埠是configsvr的
bind_ip=172.16.8.179
fork=true
maxConns=1000
[root@node4 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongos -f mongos.conf & --需要後臺啟動
[1] 792
[root@node4 mongodb-4.0.8]# 2019-04-04T11:31:17.220+0800 W SHARDING [main] Running a sharded cluster with fewer than 3 config servers should
only be done for testing purposes and is not recommended for production.
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 794
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@node4 mongodb-4.0.8]#
(4).在mongos中定義分片
[root@node4 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongo --host 172.16.8.179 --port 27030 --進入mongos介面
MongoDB shell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://172.16.8.179:27030/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("d74da65a-9d81-48b1-9071-acd4c7d3d31f") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
Server has startup warnings:
mongos> sh.addShard("wuhan/172.16.8.23:27017,172.16.8.24:27017,172.16.8.178:27017");
{
"shardAdded" : "wuhan",
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1554352779, 11),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1554352779, 11),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos>
(5).建立資料庫使用分片資料
mongos> use preson
switched to db preson
mongos> show tables;
mongos> sh.enableSharding("preson");
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1554353102, 4),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1554353102, 4),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos> sh.shardCollection("preson.teacher",{name:"hashed"});
{
"collectionsharded" : "preson.teacher",
"collectionUUID" : UUID("6383cf50-20aa-4643-86bd-32f17cfbf0f1"),
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1554353124, 15),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1554353124, 15),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos> for (var i=0;i<100;i++) db.teacher.insert({name:"zs"+i,age:i}); --生成資料
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
mongos> show tables;
teacher
mongos> db.teacher.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e68"), "name" : "zs0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e69"), "name" : "zs1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6a"), "name" : "zs2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6b"), "name" : "zs3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6c"), "name" : "zs4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6d"), "name" : "zs5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6e"), "name" : "zs6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6f"), "name" : "zs7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e70"), "name" : "zs8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e71"), "name" : "zs9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e72"), "name" : "zs10", "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e73"), "name" : "zs11", "age" : 11 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e74"), "name" : "zs12", "age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e75"), "name" : "zs13", "age" : 13 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e76"), "name" : "zs14", "age" : 14 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e77"), "name" : "zs15", "age" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e78"), "name" : "zs16", "age" : 16 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e79"), "name" : "zs17", "age" : 17 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e7a"), "name" : "zs18", "age" : 18 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e7b"), "name" : "zs19", "age" : 19 }
Type "it" for more
mongos>
(6).在mongodb副制集檢視資料(node1節點)
wuhan:PRIMARY> show tables;
teacher
wuhan:PRIMARY> db.teacher.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e68"), "name" : "zs0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e69"), "name" : "zs1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6a"), "name" : "zs2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6e"), "name" : "zs6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6f"), "name" : "zs7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e70"), "name" : "zs8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e72"), "name" : "zs10", "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e73"), "name" : "zs11", "age" : 11 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e75"), "name" : "zs13", "age" : 13 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e78"), "name" : "zs16", "age" : 16 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e7a"), "name" : "zs18", "age" : 18 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e7b"), "name" : "zs19", "age" : 19 }
Type "it" for more
wuhan:PRIMARY>
(7).在mongodb副制集檢視資料(node2節點)
wuhan:SECONDARY> db.teacher.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6b"), "name" : "zs3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6c"), "name" : "zs4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e6d"), "name" : "zs5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e71"), "name" : "zs9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e74"), "name" : "zs12", "age" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e76"), "name" : "zs14", "age" : 14 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e77"), "name" : "zs15", "age" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ca58bfd0fd7364c87ce9e79"), "name" : "zs17", "age" : 17 }
Type "it" for more
wuhan:SECONDARY>
錯誤處理:
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf
2019-04-01T18:19:39.842+0800 F CONTROL [main] Master/slave replication is no longer supported
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
解決方法:(mongodb-4.0.8不支援主從架構)
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]# vim mongo.conf
master=true --去掉這行
[root@node1 mongodb-4.0.8]#
slave節點命令出錯:
wuhan:SECONDARY> show dbs
2019-04-01T19:22:12.459+0800 E QUERY [js] Error: listDatabases failed:{
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1554117728, 1),
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
"code" : 13435,
"codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
解決方法:
wuhan:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
wuhan:SECONDARY> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
tong 0.000GB
wuhan:SECONDARY>
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