增加磁碟空間

1、在虛擬機器上建立新的硬碟

一直下一步至選固定大小

建立完成

2、切片

[root@node2 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 17.1 GB, 17179869184 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@node2 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2088.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-2088, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2088, default 2088):

Using default value 2088

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 17.1 GB, 17179869184 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 2088 16771828+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): L

0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix bf Solaris

1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ee EFI GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@node2 ~]#

2、將LVM做成物理卷

[root@node2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

3、將物理卷分割成多個卷組

[root@node2 ~]# vgcreate u01vg /dev/sdb1

/dev/hdc: open failed: Read-only file system

/dev/cdrom: open failed: Read-only file system

Attempt to close device '/dev/cdrom' which is not open.

/dev/cdrom: open failed: Read-only file system

Attempt to close device '/dev/cdrom' which is not open.

/dev/cdrom: open failed: Read-only file system

Attempt to close device '/dev/cdrom' which is not open.

Volume group "u01vg" successfully created

[root@node2 ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name u01vg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 1

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 1

Act PV 1

VG Size 15.99 GB

PE Size 4.00 MB

Total PE 4094

Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0

Free PE / Size 4094 / 15.99 GB

VG UUID mxsb13-VJ2U-7D9u-edwb-a3xu-b56f-pMR3UW

--- Volume group ---

VG Name VolGroup00

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 1

Metadata Sequence No 3

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 2

Open LV 2

Max PV 0

Cur PV 1

Act PV 1

VG Size 7.88 GB

PE Size 32.00 MB

Total PE 252

Alloc PE / Size 252 / 7.88 GB

Free PE / Size 0 / 0

VG UUID QRFpCD-75Mk-LPY8-s5r0-Z14C-EdyU-tzIe86

[root@node2 ~]#

將vg啟用

[root@node2 ~]# vgchange -ay u01vg

0 logical volume(s) in volume group "u01vg" now active

4、建立LV邏輯卷

[root@node2 ~]# lvcreate -L 16360M -n u01lv u01vg

/dev/hdc: open failed: Read-only file system

Logical volume "u01lv" created

[root@node2 ~]# vgdisplay u01vg

--- Volume group ---

VG Name u01vg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 1

Metadata Sequence No 2

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 1

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 1

Act PV 1

VG Size 15.99 GB

PE Size 4.00 MB

Total PE 4094

Alloc PE / Size 4090 / 15.98 GB

Free PE / Size 4 / 16.00 MB

VG UUID mxsb13-VJ2U-7D9u-edwb-a3xu-b56f-pMR3UW

5、檢視是否建立成功

[root@node2 ~]# ls /dev/u01vg/u01lv

/dev/u01vg/u01lv

[root@node2 ~]#

6、建立檔案系統

[root@node2 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/u01vg/u01lv

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

2097152 inodes, 4188160 blocks

209408 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4290772992

128 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@node2 ~]#

7、掛載

掛載前

[root@node2 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

5.7G 3.1G 2.4G 56% /

/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 861M 0 861M 0% /dev/shm

掛載後

[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/u01vg/u01lv /u01/

[root@node2 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

5.7G 3.1G 2.4G 56% /

/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 861M 0 861M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/u01vg-u01lv

16G 173M 15G 2% /u01

[root@node2 ~]#

9、為了保證每次開機自動MOUNT該裝置，將將此裝置資訊寫入vi /etc/fstab

[root@node2 ~]# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1

LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0

/dev/u01vg/u01lv /u01 ext3 defaults 0 0

~

虛擬機器下linux OS如何給系統新增磁碟

增加磁碟空間

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