在Gradle中使用jaxb的xjc外掛

黃博文發表於2014-08-30
Gradle

jaxb，全稱為Java Architecture for Xml Binding,是一種將java物件與xml建立起對映的技術。其主要提供兩個功能，一是將java物件對映為xml，二是將xml對映為java物件。JAXB有1.0版和2.0版。2.0版對應的JSR（Java specification request, java規格要求）是JSR 222。jaxb中的xjc工具能夠將XML Schema轉換為對應的java類。支援的XML型別包括XML DTD，XSD以及WSDL。而schemagen工具則可以將具有相應annotation標記的java類轉換為XML結構。

ant指令碼有xjc外掛來實現對xml schema檔案轉換為java類的工作。而由於ant任務是gradle中的一等公民，所以我們可以直接在gradle指令碼中使用ant的xjc外掛來實現對xml schema和java類的對映。以下程式碼演示瞭如何將xsd格式和wsdl格式的xml轉換為具體的java類。

build.gradle
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configurations {
    jaxb
}

dependencies {
    jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:2.2.7'
    jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:2.2.7'
}

ext {
    generatedSourceDir = 'src/main/generated'
}


task jaxb {

    doLast {
        file(generatedSourceDir).mkdirs()

        ant.taskdef(name: 'xjc', classname: 'com.sun.tools.xjc.XJCTask', classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath)

        ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,
                package: 'jaxb.ws.ship',
                schema: 'schema/shiporder.xsd'
        )

        ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,
                package: 'jaxb.ws.hello',
                schema: 'schema/weather.wsdl'
        ) {
            arg(value: '-wsdl')
        }

    }
}

clean {
    ant.delete(dir: generatedSourceDir)
}

這裡實現了將xsd和wsdl格式的xml文件轉換為具體的java類。注意一點是如果wsdl中的schema過於簡單，可能不會有具體的類生成。另外附上使用的示例檔案。

shiporder.xsd檔案如下：

shiporder.xsd
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

    <xs:element name="shiporder">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="orderperson" type="xs:string"/>
                <xs:element name="shipto">
                    <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                            <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="address" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="city" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                    </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element name="item" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                    <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                            <xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="note" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
                            <xs:element name="quantity" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
                            <xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                    </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
            <xs:attribute name="orderid" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>

</xs:schema>

weather.wsdl檔案內容如下：

weather.wsdl
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
    <wsdl:types>
        <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET">
            <s:element name="GetWeather">
                <s:complexType>
                    <s:sequence>
                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CityName" type="s:string" />
                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
                    </s:sequence>
                </s:complexType>
            </s:element>
            <s:element name="GetWeatherResponse">
                <s:complexType>
                    <s:sequence>
                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetWeatherResult" type="s:string" />
                    </s:sequence>
                </s:complexType>
            </s:element>
            <s:element name="GetCitiesByCountry">
                <s:complexType>
                    <s:sequence>
                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
                    </s:sequence>
                </s:complexType>
            </s:element>
            <s:element name="GetCitiesByCountryResponse">
                <s:complexType>
                    <s:sequence>
                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetCitiesByCountryResult" type="s:string" />
                    </s:sequence>
                </s:complexType>
            </s:element>
            <s:element name="string" nillable="true" type="s:string" />
        </s:schema>
    </wsdl:types>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapIn">
        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeather" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapOut">
        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeatherResponse" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn">
        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountry" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut">
        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountryResponse" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetIn">
        <wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />
        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetOut">
        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn">
        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut">
        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostIn">
        <wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />
        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostOut">
        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn">
        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut">
        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherSoap">
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherSoapIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherSoapOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>
    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>
    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn" />
            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut" />
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>
    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
        <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
        <soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <soap12:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <soap12:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <soap12:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <soap12:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
        <http:binding verb="GET" />
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <http:operation location="/GetWeather" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <http:urlEncoded />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <http:urlEncoded />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
        <http:binding verb="POST" />
        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
            <http:operation location="/GetWeather" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
            <http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />
            <wsdl:input>
                <mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output>
                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    <wsdl:service name="GlobalWeather">
        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
            <soap:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
        </wsdl:port>
        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap12">
            <soap12:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
        </wsdl:port>
        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
            <http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
        </wsdl:port>
        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
            <http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
        </wsdl:port>
    </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

另外github上還有一些Gradle的外掛來幫你實現xml和java物件的轉換，但是本質上其實還是使用了jaxb的xjc ant外掛實現的，只不過隱藏了實現細節，使用起來更加方便。感興趣的可以看https://github.com/jacobono/gradle-jaxb-plugin。

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