Step By Step Configure DataGuard (10g) Physical Standby Database On Linux X86_64(1/2待續...)

一. 環境描述

主節點Primary db server:

hostname: primarydb

ip: 168.0.3.92

sid: gridctl

備節點Standby db server:

hostname:standbydb

ip: 168.0.3.93

sid: gridctl

Two nodes:

#more /etc/hosts

168.10.13.192 primarydb

168.10.13.193 standbydb

ORACLE_HOME:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Archivelog_dest:/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc

/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc

datafile directory: /oradata/gridctl/

[@more@]

二. 建立物理備用資料庫(Create Physical Standby Database)

1. 編輯主節點資料庫環境

1.1 設定主節點歸檔日誌目錄，standby歸檔日誌目錄

#su - oracle

$cd /oradata/archivelog

$mkdir primary_arc standby_arc

$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc' scope=both;

SQL>alter system set standby_archive_dest='/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc' scope=both;

1.2 如果主庫不是歸檔模式,需要將主庫修改為歸檔模式

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode No Archive Mode

Automatic archival Disabled

Archive destination /oradata/archivelog/primary_arc

Oldest online log sequence 204

Current log sequence 206

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

。。。。。。

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL>!

[oracle@primarydb primary_arc]$ pwd

/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc

[oracle@primarydb primary_arc]$ ls -lt

total 376

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 379904 Sep 2 17:26 1_207_724504451.dbf

$exit

1.3 設定主節點為force logging 模式

SQL>alter database force logging;

Database altered.

2. 主節點上,生成備用庫所需的檔案(資料檔案,控制檔案,PFILE)

2.1 查詢主節點資料檔案

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

/oradata/gridctl/system01.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/undotbs01.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/sysaux01.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/users01.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/mgmt.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

/oradata/gridctl/temp01.dbf

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

/oradata/gridctl/redo01.log

/oradata/gridctl/redo02.log

/oradata/gridctl/redo03.log

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

/oradata/gridctl/ora_control1.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/ora_control2.dbf

/oradata/gridctl/ora_control3.dbf

SQL> !

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ cd /oradata/gridctl

[oracle@primarydb gridctl]$ ls -lt

total 2696988

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 3 09:28 redo02.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:28 ora_control1.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:28 ora_control2.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:28 ora_control3.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 822091776 Sep 3 09:28 system01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 484450304 Sep 3 09:28 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 398467072 Sep 3 09:28 mgmt.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 340795392 Sep 3 09:26 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Sep 3 09:21 mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 268443648 Sep 3 07:02 users01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 3 06:57 redo01.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209723392 Sep 3 05:05 temp01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 2 17:26 redo03.log

2.2 將主節點資料檔案打包

SQL>shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

SQL>exit

[oracle@primarydb ~]$cd /oradata

[oracle@primarydb ~]$tar -cvf oradata_gridctl.tar gridctl

2.3 在主節點上建立備用庫控制檔案

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2089472 bytes

Variable Size 578817536 bytes

Database Buffers 490733568 bytes

Redo Buffers 2101248 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/oradata/stdcontrol.ctl';

Database altered.

2.4 在主節點上建立pfile,並做相應的修改

SQL>create pfile='/oradata/initgridctl.ora' from spfile;

SQL>exit

[oracle@primarydb ~]cd /oradata

[oracle@primarydb oradata]$ more initgridctl.ora

。。。。。。

*.control_files='/oradata/gridctl/stdcontrol.ctl'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oradata/archivelog/primary_arc'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

*.standby_archive_dest='/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc'

*.fal_server='PRIMARY'

*.fal_client='STANDBY'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

。。。。。。

本節主要是在主節點上生成三個檔案，分別為：

/oradata/oradata_gridctl.tar

/oradata/stdcontrol.ctl

/oradata/initgridctl.ora

3. 透過ftp方式將主節點的三個檔案複製到備用庫,並分別解壓或者複製到合適的位置

透過ftp,將主節點/oradata/oradata_gridctl.tar;/oradata/stdcontrol.ctl兩個檔案以bin方式ftp到備庫,將主節點/oradata/initgridctl.ora以asc方式ftp到備庫.

備節點:

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ ls -lt

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1285 Sep 3 17:15 initgridctl.ora

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 17:15 stdcontrol.ctl

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2963916800 Sep 3 17:14 oradata_gridctl.tar

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba 4096 Sep 3 17:12 archivelog

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba 16384 Aug 12 2009 lost+found

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ tar -xvf oradata_gridctl.tar

gridctl/

gridctl/ora_control1.dbf

gridctl/ora_control2.dbf

gridctl/ora_control3.dbf

gridctl/redo01.log

gridctl/redo02.log

gridctl/redo03.log

gridctl/system01.dbf

gridctl/undotbs01.dbf

gridctl/sysaux01.dbf

gridctl/temp01.dbf

gridctl/users01.dbf

gridctl/mgmt.dbf

gridctl/mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ mv stdcontrol.ctl ./gridctl

[oracle@standbydb oradata]$ cd gridctl

[oracle@standbydb gridctl]$ ls -lt

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 17:15 stdcontrol.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:35 ora_control1.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:35 ora_control2.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6832128 Sep 3 09:35 ora_control3.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 398467072 Sep 3 09:35 mgmt.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Sep 3 09:35 mgmt_ecm_depot1.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 3 09:35 redo02.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 340795392 Sep 3 09:35 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 822091776 Sep 3 09:35 system01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 484450304 Sep 3 09:35 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 268443648 Sep 3 09:35 users01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 3 06:57 redo01.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209723392 Sep 3 05:05 temp01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Sep 2 17:26 redo03.log

4. 備機上建立一些必須的目錄,目錄的結構與主節點相同

4.1 建立歸檔日誌的相關目錄

[oracle@standbydb dbs]$ cd /oradata/archivelog

[oracle@standbydb archivelog]$ ls

[oracle@standbydb archivelog]$ mkdir primary_arc standby_arc

[oracle@standbydb archivelog]$ ls -lt

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:26 primary_arc

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:26 standby_arc

4.2 建立dump相關目錄

[oracle@standbydb oracle]$ cd /oracle

[oracle@standbydb oracle]$ ls

OracleHomes oraInventory product

[oracle@standbydb oracle]$ mkdir admin

[oracle@standbydb oracle]$ cd admin

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ mkdir gridctl

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ cd gridctl

[oracle@standbydb gridctl]$ pwd

/oracle/admin/gridctl

[oracle@standbydb gridctl]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump udump

[oracle@standbydb gridctl]$ ls -lt

total 20

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:27 adump

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:27 bdump

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:27 cdump

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Sep 3 17:27 udump

5. 配置主節點的監聽器LISTENER.ORA和TNSNAMES.ORA 檔案

[oracle@primarydb /]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ more listener.ora

。。。。。。

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = gridctl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb)(PORT = 1521))

)

配置完主節點監聽器listener.ora檔案後,啟動主節點監聽器

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL> start

Starting /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=primarydb)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

Start Date 03-SEP-2010 17:48:33

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Service "gridctl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "gridctl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ more tnsnames.ora

。。。。。。

PRIMARY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

STANDBY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

6. 配置備庫監聽器及tnsnames.ora檔案

[oracle@standbydb ]$cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ more listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = gridctl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb)(PORT = 1521))

)

配置完備庫監聽器listener.ora檔案後,啟動備庫監聽器

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL> start

。。。。。。

Starting /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=standbydb)(PORT=1521)))

Service "gridctl" has 1 instance(s).

。。。。。。

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ more tnsnames.ora

PRIMARY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

STANDBY=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)

)

)

7. 在主備節點上分別用tnsping測試網路連通性

7.1 主節點測試網路連通性

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ tnsping primary

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)))

OK (0 msec)

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ tnsping standby

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)))

OK (10 msec)

主節點連線primary，standby都是通的。

7.2 備節點測試網路連通性

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ tnsping primary

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primarydb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)))

OK (0 msec)

[oracle@standbydb admin]$ tnsping standby

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standbydb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = gridctl)))

OK (10 msec)

備節點連線primary，standby都是通的。

7.3 在主、備機上檢查$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw檔案是否存在，檔案不存在就需要手工建立。

[oracle@standbydb]$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@standbydb]$orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwgridctl2 password=password entries=5

8. 在備庫節點，建立spfile，並啟動備資料庫到standby role狀態

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2089472 bytes

Variable Size 578817536 bytes

Database Buffers 490733568 bytes

Redo Buffers 2101248 bytes

SQL> alter database mount standby database;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

9. 在主節點上設定歸檔路徑，切換幾次日誌

[oracle@primarydb admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=standby mandatory reopen=60' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

在備節點上觀察日誌：

[oracle@standbydb bdump]$ tail -f alert_gridctl.log

-- Connected User is Valid

RFS[2]: Assigned to RFS process 20551

RFS[2]: Identified database type as 'physical standby'

RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_209_724504451.dbf'

Fri Sep 3 18:31:19 2010

RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_210_724504451.dbf'

Fri Sep 3 18:31:22 2010

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_209_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_210_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 211

Fri Sep 3 18:32:06 2010

RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_211_724504451.dbf'

Fri Sep 3 18:32:06 2010

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/standby_arc/1_211_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 212

下一部分內容請訪問http://djb1008.itpub.net/post/42280/504948