實用Unix/Linux 命令(轉)

實用Unix/Linux 命令(轉)[@more@]刪除 core 檔案
# find ~ -name core -exec file {} ; -exec rm -i {} ;
檢視使用檔案的程式
# fuser -u /usr/my_application/foo
搜尋字串
#grep "hello world" `find ./ -name "*" -print -exec file {} ; |grep text | cut -d ':' -f 1`
目錄
#alias dir='ls -Lla|grep ^d'

輸出 IP 地址
#ifconfig | grep "inet addr" | grep -v "127.0.0.1" | awk '{print $2;}' | awk -F':' '{print $2;}'
按檔案長度排序
#ls -l | grep ^- | sort -nr -k 5 | more
#ls -lR | grep ^- | sort -nr -k 5 | more

二進位制檔案中的可列印字元
# strings name of binary file
一個月的最後一個星期天執行任務：
18 * * * 0 [`date "+%d"` -gt 24] && /path/to/script

修改副檔名：
# for f in *.abc; do mv $f `basename $f .abc`.def ; done

檢視硬碟情況：(Solaris)
# iostat -En

整個目錄樹複製：
# cd
# find . -depth -print | cpio -pudm

按長度排序目錄下所有檔案
# du -a | sort -n -r | more

檢查檔案內每行是否有相同列數
#awk '{print NF}' test.txt |sort -nu|more

去除空行
#sed -e '/^[ ]*$/d' InputFile >OutputFile

檢視程式佔用的對應檔案 inode 號(Solaris)
#/usr/proc/bin/pfiles

刪除指定使用者的所有程式
# kill -9 `ps -fu username |awk '{ print $2 }'|grep -v PID`



Bash 操作快捷鍵：
ctrl-l -- clear screen
ctrl-r -- does a search in the previously given commands so that you don't
have to repeat long command.
ctrl-u -- clears the typing before the hotkey.
ctrl-a -- takes you to the begining of the command you are currently typing.
ctrl-e -- takes you to the end of the command you are currently typing in.
esc-b -- takes you back by one word while typing a command.
ctrl-c -- kills the current command or process.
ctrl-d -- kills the shell.
ctrl-h -- deletes one letter at a time from the command you are typing in.
ctrl-z -- puts the currently running process in background, the process
can be brought back to run state by using fg command.
esc-p -- like ctrl-r lets you search through the previously given commands.
esc-. -- gives the last command you typed.

檔名裡的空格替換為下劃線
# for i in $1 ; do mv "$i" `echo $i | sed 's/ /_/g'` ; done

檢視遠端主機時間
# telnet remotehostname 13|grep :

只顯示 top 命令的states 行
#while true; do top -d 2 | col -b | grep states; sleep 10; done

加速顯示　tar 檔案內容
# tar tvfn

讓 目錄名也能　Spell Check
#shopt -s cdspell
當輸錯命令時，系統會自動進入類似的目錄

檢視　Sun 伺服器型號
# /usr/platform/`uname -m`/sbin/prtdiag -v | grep `uname -m`

在vi 中一行文字前後新增字元
:/^(.*)/s//我要 1 新增/

查詢某包含字串(Verita)軟體包的詳細資訊 (Solaris)
pkginfo -l `pkginfo | grep -i VERITAS | awk '{print $2}'` <source>