透過RMAN備份搭建單節點ADG（oracle11g）
1、修改/etc/hosts 建議：生產端和DG端保持一致
生產端：
[root@primary ~]# more /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.186.87 primary
192.168.186.88 standby
DG端：
[root@standby ~]# more /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.186.88 standby
192.168.186.87 primary
2、修改資料庫為歸檔日誌模式、強制日誌模式
[oracle@primary ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Aug 4 22:15:54 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 276827520 bytes
Database Buffers 125829120 bytes
Redo Buffers 4308992 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /u01/app/base/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 4
Current log sequence 6
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
3、在生產端修改引數檔案
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1 = 'LOCATION=/archive/orcl' scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=standby arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1 = ENABLE scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2 = ENABLE scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert = '/oradata/orcl/ ','/oradata/orcl_standby ' scope = spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert = '/oradata/orcl/ ','/oradata/orcl_standby ' scope = spfile;
System altered.
4、配置生產端和DG端網路服務名tnsnames.ora 建議：保持一致 驗證：tnsping
生產端：
[oracle@primary admin]$ more tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/base/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
DG端：
[oracle@standby admin]$ more tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/base/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
Tnsping service_names驗證
5、將生產端$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下的密碼檔案orapwORACLE_SID傳至備機,可以用ssh/ftp
orapwd file=orapworcl password=oracle(建議複製，不然報ORA-16191)
6、建立生產端的pfile並傳至DG端
生產端：
[oracle@primary ~]$ scp initorcl.ora oracle@192.168.186.88:/u01/app/base/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
oracle@192.168.186.88's password:
initorcl.ora 100% 769 0.8KB/s 00:00
DG端：
[oracle@standby dbs]$ ls -rlt
total 8
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 4 23:53 orapworcl
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 769 Aug 4 23:55 initorcl.ora
7、建立standby控制檔案、資料檔案、歸檔日誌，並傳至DG端的相同路徑下
[oracle@primary ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Aug 4 23:26:09 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1414669689)
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/temp/%U';
Starting backup at 04-AUG-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/02qdpreh_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T232713 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/03qdprgt_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T232713 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-AUG-15
RMAN> backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/temp/%U';
Starting backup at 04-AUG-15
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=1 STAMP=886894834
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=2 STAMP=886894835
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=3 STAMP=886894838
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=4 STAMP=886894846
input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=5 STAMP=886894847
input archived log thread=1 sequence=11 RECID=6 STAMP=886894848
input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 RECID=7 STAMP=886894849
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=8 STAMP=886894947
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/04qdpsb3_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T234227 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-AUG-15
RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/temp/%U';
Starting backup at 04-AUG-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 04-AUG-15
piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/05qdpsdq_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T234354 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 04-AUG-15
RMAN>
[oracle@primary temp]$ scp * oracle@192.168.186.88:/home/oracle/temp/
oracle@192.168.186.88's password:
02qdpreh_1_1 100% 1156MB 32.1MB/s 00:36
03qdprgt_1_1 100% 9600KB 9.4MB/s 00:01
04qdpsb3_1_1 100% 4332KB 4.2MB/s 00:00
05qdpsdq_1_1 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:00
[oracle@standby temp]$ ls -rlt
total 1207040
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1211940864 Aug 5 00:22 02qdpreh_1_1
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9830400 Aug 5 00:22 03qdprgt_1_1
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 4435968 Aug 5 00:22 04qdpsb3_1_1
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9797632 Aug 5 00:22 05qdpsdq_1_1
8、在DG端修改pfile，並啟動例項到NOMOUNT狀態
[oracle@standby dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Aug 5 16:56:13 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 242208768 bytes
Fixed Size 2227176 bytes
Variable Size 184550424 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5099520 bytes
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> startup nomount force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 242208768 bytes
Fixed Size 2227176 bytes
Variable Size 184550424 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5099520 bytes
SQL> exit
9、在DG端，透過RMAN連線到生產庫和auxiliary資料庫，結束後備庫自動啟到MOUNT狀態
[oracle@standby dbs]$ rman target sys/oracle@orcl auxiliary sys/oracle
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Aug 5 16:57:14 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1414669689)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby dorecover;
Starting Duplicate Db at 05-AUG-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1099341;
restore clone standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 05-AUG-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/temp/03qdprgt_1_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/03qdprgt_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T232713
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/oradata/standby/control01.ctl
output file name=/oradata/standby/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 05-AUG-15
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1099341;
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/oradata/standby/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/oradata/standby/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"/oradata/standby/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/oradata/standby/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/oradata/standby/users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/oradata/standby/example01.dbf";
restore
clone database
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /oradata/standby/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 05-AUG-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /oradata/standby/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /oradata/standby/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /oradata/standby/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /oradata/standby/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /oradata/standby/example01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/temp/02qdpreh_1_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/02qdpreh_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T232713
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46
Finished restore at 05-AUG-15
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=886957114 file name=/oradata/standby/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=886957114 file name=/oradata/standby/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=886957114 file name=/oradata/standby/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=886957114 file name=/oradata/standby/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=886957114 file name=/oradata/standby/example01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1099341;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 05-AUG-15
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=6
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=7
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=8
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=9
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=10
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=12
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=13
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/temp/04qdpsb3_1_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/temp/04qdpsb3_1_1 tag=TAG20150804T234227
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_6_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=6
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_6_886888956.dbf RECID=8 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_7_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=7
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_7_886888956.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_8_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=8
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_8_886888956.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_9_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=9
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_9_886888956.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_10_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=10
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_10_886888956.dbf RECID=4 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_11_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=11
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_11_886888956.dbf RECID=5 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_12_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=12
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_12_886888956.dbf RECID=6 STAMP=886957116
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_13_886888956.dbf thread=1 sequence=13
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/archive/orcl/1_13_886888956.dbf RECID=7 STAMP=886957116
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 05-AUG-15
Finished Duplicate Db at 05-AUG-15
RMAN>
接下來就是檢查生產端和DG端歸檔日誌是否同步
Select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
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