通常情況下是因為等待其他節點傳送塊，如果出現太多次，則意味著叢集之間有contention

過去幾個小時系統比較慢，透過查詢dba_hist_active_sess_history瞭解一下經歷的等待事件

首先要確定這一時間段對應的snapshot

select min(begin_interval_time) min, max(end_interval_time) max

from dba_hist_snapshot

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838;

MIN                            MAX

------------------------------ ------------------------------

12-SEP-07 09.00.17.451 AM 12-SEP-07 05.00.03.683

檢視過去一段時間的等待事件型別彙總

select wait_class_id, wait_class, count(*) cnt

from dba_hist_active_sess_history

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838

group by wait_class_id, wait_class

order by 3;

WAIT_CLASS_ID WAIT_CLASS                            CNT

------------- ------------------------------ ----------

   3290255840 Configuration                         169

   2000153315 Network                               934

   4108307767 System I/O                           7199

   3386400367 Commit                               7809

   4217450380 Application                         12248

   3875070507 Concurrency                         14754

   1893977003 Other                               35499

   3871361733 Cluster                            104810

1740759767 User I/O 121999

可以更細化為具體的等待事件

select event_id, event, count(*) cnt from dba_hist_active_sess_history

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838 and wait_class_id=3871361733

group by event_id, event

order by 3;

1457266432 gc current split                                229

2685450749 gc current grant 2-way                          290

 957917679 gc current block lost                           579

 737661873 gc cr block 2-way                               699

2277737081 gc current grant busy                           991

3570184881 gc current block 3-way                         1190

3151901526 gc cr block lost                               1951

 111015833 gc current block 2-way                         2078

3046984244 gc cr block 3-way                              2107

 661121159 gc cr multi block request                      4092

3201690383 gc cr grant 2-way                              4129

1520064534 gc cr block busy                               4576

2701629120 gc current block busy                         14379

1478861578 gc buffer busy 67275

--在這段時間內累計有67275個session等待gc buffer busy,然後檢視出是哪些sql引起的

select sql_id, count(*) cnt from dba_hist_active_sess_history

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838

and event_id in (1478861578)

group by sql_id

having count(*)>1000

order by 2;

SQL_ID               CNT

------------- ----------

22ggtj4z9ak3a       1574

gsqhbt5a6d4uv       1744

cyt90uk11a22c       2240

39dtqqpr7ygcw       4251

8v3b2m405atgy 42292

執行次數最多的sql達到4萬多次，透過dba_hist_sqltext檢視出對應的sql

insert into bigtable(id, version, client, cl_business_id, cl_order_id, desc。。。。。

該表是個分割槽表，且其上有很多trigger和大量的索引，需要明確該sql等待的物件

select current_obj#, count(*) cnt from dba_hist_active_sess_history

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838

and event_id=1478861578 and sql_id='8v3b2m405atgy'

group by current_obj#

order by 2;

CURRENT_OBJ#        CNT

------------ ----------

           0        511

     3122795        617

     3064433        880

     3208619       3913

     3208620       5411

     3208618      22215

後三個是次數比較多的

select object_id, owner, object_name, subobject_name, object_type from dba_objects

where object_id in (3208618, 3208619, 3208620);

 OBJECT_ID OWNER      OBJECT_NAME                    SUBOBJECT_NAME                 OBJECT_TYPE

---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------

   3208618 JSCHDER    BIGTABLE_LOG                   P_2007_09                      TABLE PARTITION

   3208619 JSCHDER    BIGTABL_LG_X_ID                P_2007_09                      INDEX PARTITION

3208620 JSCHDER BIGTABL_LG_X_CHANGE_DATE P_2007_09 INDEX PARTITION

等待次數最多的卻是bigtable_log，這是因為表上有一個trigger,每對bigtable更新一次，就要往該表insert7次；

我們可以進一步確認那些塊競爭最激烈

select current_file#, current_block#, count(*) cnt

from dba_hist_active_sess_history

where snap_id between 12831 and 12838

and event_id=1478861578 and sql_id='8v3b2m405atgy'

and current_obj# in (3208618, 3208619, 3208620)

group by current_file#, current_block#

having count(*)>50

order by 3;

CURRENT_FILE# CURRENT_BLOCK#        CNT

------------- -------------- ----------

         1330         238073         51

         1542          22645         55

         1487         237914         56

         1330         238724         61

         1330         244129         76

1487 233206 120

似乎並沒有過熱的塊，因為有超過4萬個session訪問這些object，但等待次數最多的塊只有120次；

檢查一下這些塊是否為段頭塊，

select segment_name, header_file, header_block

from dba_segments where wner='JHEIDER' and partition_name='P_2007_09'

and segment_name in ('PLACEMENTS_LOG','PLCMNTS_LG_X_ID',

  'PLCMNTS_LG_X_CHANGE_DATE');

SEGMENT_NAME                   HEADER_FILE HEADER_BLOCK

------------------------------ ----------- ------------

BIGTABL_LG_X_CHANGE_DATE              1207       204809

BIGTABL_LG_X_ID                       1207       196617

BIGTABLE_LOG 1209 16393

可惜這些只是普通的資料塊。

任何時候，只要表資料塊在insert時候有嚴重的併發問題，首先要想到的就是space management;

檢查該表所屬表空間的管理方式

select distinct tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions

where table_name='BIGTABLE_LOG';

TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------

BIGTABLE_LOG_DATA

select extent_management, allocation_type, segment_space_management

from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='BIGTABLE_LOG_DATA';

EXTENT_MAN ALLOCATIO SEGMEN

---------- --------- ------

LOCAL      USER      MANUAL

SQL> select distinct freelists, freelist_groups from dba_tab_partitions

  2  where table_name='BIGTABLE_LOG';

 FREELISTS FREELIST_GROUPS

---------- ---------------

1 1

其表空間使用手工段管理且只有一個freelist;

小結：這是一個6節點RAC，最忙的表卻只有一個freelist，難怪會引起嚴重的gc buffer busy；

但是因為每個塊都很快的被填滿，所以沒有等待次數過多的塊；

不需要考慮ITL的問題，因為插入的都是空塊，ITL如果不夠會自動分配直到塊滿為止；

該系統是從non-rac升級到RAC的，因此所有的object都是MSSM，解決完這個object其他object的問題則會後續顯現；

gc buffer busy的最佳化

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