生產環境中，我們總是會遇到伺服器無法連線外網的情況，這樣，如果想安裝某個應用，而這個應用依賴的其他類庫又特別多，就很痛苦了。這個時候，就需要自己製作個本地的yum庫，進行本地安裝。本文將以Docker本地安裝為例，詳細介紹如何製作本地yum庫。
1、首先，在能夠上網的、與不能上網伺服器的Linux發行版本相同的伺服器上，執行安裝命令，得到安裝所需的各種依賴包，如下：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libdevmapper* docker Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.btte.net * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.skyshe.cn updates/7/x86_64/primary_db Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event-libs = 7:1.02.93-3.el7 for package: 7:device-mapper-event- ---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-libs = 7:1.02.93-3.el7 for package: 7:device-mapper-1.02.93-3.el ---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package docker.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: docker-forward-journald = 1.9.1-25.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7 --> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.9.1-25.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos. --> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.0(LIBSYSTEMD_209)(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos --> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.0()(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos.x86_64 ---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.115-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 7:2.02.115-3.el7 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.115-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package docker-forward-journald.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.115-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-persistent-data >= 0.5.5-1 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.130-5.el7_2. ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.4.1-2.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.5.5-1.el7 will be an update ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-python-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-sysv-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: libgudev1-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: kmod >= 18-4 for package: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package kmod.x86_64 0:14-10.el7 will be updated ---> Package kmod.x86_64 0:20-5.el7 will be an update ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 conflicts initscripts < 9.49.28-1 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.24-1.el7 will be updated ---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.30-1.el7_2.2 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 conflicts dracut < 033-243 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package dracut.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: dracut = 033-241.el7_1.1 for package: dracut-network-033-241.el7_1.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: dracut = 033-241.el7_1.1 for package: dracut-config-rescue-033-241.el7_1.1.x86 ---> Package dracut.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated ---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update ---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated ---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================= Package Arch Ver ========================================================================================================= Installing: docker x86_64 1.9 Updating: device-mapper-event-libs x86_64 7:1 device-mapper-libs x86_64 7:1 dracut x86_64 033 initscripts x86_64 9.4 lvm2-libs x86_64 7:2 Installing for dependencies: docker-forward-journald x86_64 1.9 docker-selinux x86_64 1.9 Updating for dependencies: device-mapper x86_64 7:1 device-mapper-event x86_64 7:1 device-mapper-persistent-data x86_64 0.5 dracut-config-rescue x86_64 033 dracut-network x86_64 033 kmod x86_64 20- libgudev1 x86_64 219 lvm2 x86_64 7:2 systemd x86_64 219 systemd-libs x86_64 219 systemd-python x86_64 219 systemd-sysv x86_64 219 Transaction Summary ========================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+ 2 Dependent packages) Upgrade 5 Packages (+12 Dependent packages) Total download size: 23 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: n Exiting on user command Your transaction was saved, rerun it with: yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2016-05-06.10-41.56BPrh.yumtx [root@localhost ~]# yum install libdevmapper* docker Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.btte.net * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.skyshe.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event-libs = 7:1.02.93-3.el7 for package: 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-libs = 7:1.02.93-3.el7 for package: 7:device-mapper-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package docker.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: docker-forward-journald = 1.9.1-25.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.9.1-25.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.0(LIBSYSTEMD_209)(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.0()(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.1-25.el7.centos.x86_64 ---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.115-3.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 7:2.02.115-3.el7 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.115-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.93-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 will be an update ---> Package docker-forward-journald.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.9.1-25.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.115-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-persistent-data >= 0.5.5-1 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.130-5.el7_2.1.x86_64 ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.4.1-2.el7 will be updated ---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.5.5-1.el7 will be an update ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-python-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: systemd-sysv-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 208-20.el7_1.2 for package: libgudev1-208-20.el7_1.2.x86_64 ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: kmod >= 18-4 for package: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package kmod.x86_64 0:14-10.el7 will be updated ---> Package kmod.x86_64 0:20-5.el7 will be an update ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:208-20.el7_1.2 will be updated ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-19.el7_2.7 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 conflicts initscripts < 9.49.28-1 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.24-1.el7 will be updated ---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.30-1.el7_2.2 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: systemd-219-19.el7_2.7.x86_64 conflicts dracut < 033-243 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package dracut.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: dracut = 033-241.el7_1.1 for package: dracut-network-033-241.el7_1.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: dracut = 033-241.el7_1.1 for package: dracut-config-rescue-033-241.el7_1.1.x86_64 ---> Package dracut.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated ---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update ---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 0:033-241.el7_1.1 will be updated ---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 0:033-360.el7_2 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================================= Installing: docker x86_64 1.9.1-25.el7.centos extras 13 M Updating: device-mapper-event-libs x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 updates 169 k device-mapper-libs x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 updates 304 k dracut x86_64 033-360.el7_2 updates 311 k initscripts x86_64 9.49.30-1.el7_2.2 updates 429 k lvm2-libs x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 updates 872 k Installing for dependencies: docker-forward-journald x86_64 1.9.1-25.el7.centos extras 824 k docker-selinux x86_64 1.9.1-25.el7.centos extras 70 k Updating for dependencies: device-mapper x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 updates 252 k device-mapper-event x86_64 7:1.02.107-5.el7_2.1 updates 167 k device-mapper-persistent-data x86_64 0.5.5-1.el7 base 350 k dracut-config-rescue x86_64 033-360.el7_2 updates 49 k dracut-network x86_64 033-360.el7_2 updates 90 k kmod x86_64 20-5.el7 base 114 k libgudev1 x86_64 219-19.el7_2.7 updates 65 k lvm2 x86_64 7:2.02.130-5.el7_2.1 updates 1.0 M systemd x86_64 219-19.el7_2.7 updates 5.1 M systemd-libs x86_64 219-19.el7_2.7 updates 357 k systemd-python x86_64 219-19.el7_2.7 updates 99 k systemd-sysv x86_64 219-19.el7_2.7 updates 53 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+ 2 Dependent packages) Upgrade 5 Packages (+12 Dependent packages) Total download size: 23 M Is this ok [y/d/N]:
2、下載對應版本的rpm包，網址：
http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php
3、製作本地yum庫。將全部的rpm包拷貝到一個資料夾中，例如docker_rpms，執行如下命令：
[root@localhost test]# ls docker_rpms [root@localhost test]# createrepo . Spawning worker 0 with 18 pkgs Workers Finished Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete [root@localhost test]# ls docker_rpms repodata
4、編輯docker.repo檔案
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base baseurl=file:///home/dockeryum gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [update] name=CentOS-$releasever - update baseurl=file:///home/dockeryum gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
5、將docker_rpms資料夾、repodata資料夾、docker.repo拷貝到/home/dockeryum（因為docker.repo檔案中做的如此配置）資料夾下。執行如下操作：
[root@localhost home]# ls dockeryum laizy [root@localhost home]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d/ /etc/yum.repos.d.bak （備份原始yum源） [root@localhost home]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* （清空原始yum源） [root@localhost home]# cp /home/dockeryum/docker.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ （拷貝自己寫的yum源） [root@localhost home]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/ total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 682 May 6 10:26 docker.repo [root@localhost home]# yum install libdevmapper* docker （yum安裝） Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 13870. Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit... The other application is: PackageKit Memory : 48 M RSS (922 MB VSZ) Started: Fri May 6 10:23:42 2016 - 04:13 ago State : Sleeping, pid: 13870 Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit... The other application is: PackageKit Memory : 48 M RSS (922 MB VSZ) Started: Fri May 6 10:23:42 2016 - 04:15 ago State : Running, pid: 13870 ^C Exiting on user cancel. [root@localhost home]# kill -9 13870 [root@localhost home]# yum install libdevmapper* docker Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks base | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 update | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): base/primary_db | 23 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): update/primary_db | 23 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Package 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package docker.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.8.2-7.el7.centos for package: docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================================= Installing: docker x86_64 1.8.2-7.el7.centos base 8.7 M Installing for dependencies: docker-selinux x86_64 1.8.2-7.el7.centos base 61 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 8.7 M Installed size: 37 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 160 MB/s | 8.7 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 restorecon: lstat(/var/lib/docker) failed: No such file or directory warning: %post(docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 255 Non-fatal POSTIN scriptlet failure in rpm package docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 Installing : docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 Installed: docker.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos Dependency Installed: docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos Complete! [root@localhost home]# docker -v Docker version 1.8.2, build bb472f0/1.8.2
安裝完成！