[LeetCode] Valid Parentheses 驗證括號

 

Given a string containing just the characters '(', ')', '{', '}', '[' and ']', determine if the input string is valid.

An input string is valid if:

1. Open brackets must be closed by the same type of brackets.
2. Open brackets must be closed in the correct order.

Note that an empty string is also considered valid.

Example 1:

Input: "()"
Output: true

Example 2:

Input: "()[]{}"
Output: true

Example 3:

Input: "(]"
Output: false

Example 4:

Input: "([)]"
Output: false

Example 5:

Input: "{[]}"
Output: true

 

這道題讓我們驗證輸入的字串是否為括號字串，包括大括號，中括號和小括號。這裡我們需要用一個棧，我們開始遍歷輸入字串，如果當前字元為左半邊括號時，則將其壓入棧中，如果遇到右半邊括號時，若此時棧為空，則直接返回false，如不為空，則取出棧頂元素，若為對應的左半邊括號，則繼續迴圈，反之返回false，程式碼如下：

 

class Solution {
public:
    bool isValid(string s) {
        stack<char> parentheses;
        for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) {
            if (s[i] == '(' || s[i] == '[' || s[i] == '{') parentheses.push(s[i]);
            else {
                if (parentheses.empty()) return false;
                if (s[i] == ')' && parentheses.top() != '(') return false;
                if (s[i] == ']' && parentheses.top() != '[') return false;
                if (s[i] == '}' && parentheses.top() != '{') return false;
                parentheses.pop();
            }
        }
        return parentheses.empty();
    }
}; 

 

類似題目：

Remove Invalid Parentheses

Different Ways to Add Parentheses

Longest Valid Parentheses

Generate Parentheses

 

參考資料：

https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-parentheses/

https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/27768/short-easy-to-follow-8ms-java-solution

 

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