LINQ系列：LINQ to SQL Group by/Having分組

1. 簡單形式

var expr = from p in context.Products
           group p by p.CategoryID into g
           select g;

foreach (var item in expr)
{
    Console.WriteLine(item.Key);

    foreach (var p in item)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0}-{1}", p.ProductID, p.ProductName);
    }
}

SELECT 
    [Project2].[CategoryID] AS [CategoryID], 
    [Project2].[C1] AS [C1], 
    [Project2].[ProductID] AS [ProductID], 
    [Project2].[CategoryID1] AS [CategoryID1], 
    [Project2].[ProductName] AS [ProductName], 
    [Project2].[UnitPrice] AS [UnitPrice], 
    [Project2].[UnitsInStock] AS [UnitsInStock], 
    [Project2].[Discontinued] AS [Discontinued]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Distinct1].[CategoryID] AS [CategoryID], 
        [Extent2].[ProductID] AS [ProductID], 
        [Extent2].[CategoryID] AS [CategoryID1], 
        [Extent2].[ProductName] AS [ProductName], 
        [Extent2].[UnitPrice] AS [UnitPrice], 
        [Extent2].[UnitsInStock] AS [UnitsInStock], 
        [Extent2].[Discontinued] AS [Discontinued], 
        CASE WHEN ([Extent2].[ProductID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C1]
        FROM   (SELECT DISTINCT 
            [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [CategoryID]
            FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1] ) AS [Distinct1]
        LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent2] ON [Distinct1].[CategoryID] = [Extent2].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [Project2]
    ORDER BY [Project2].[CategoryID] ASC, [Project2].[C1] ASC

2. 最大值

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                MaxUnitPrice = g.Max(p => p.UnitPrice)
            };

foreach (var item in expr)
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0}-{1}", item.Key, item.MaxUnitPrice);
}

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        MAX([Extent1].[UnitPrice]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

3. 最小值

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                MinUnitPrice = g.Min(p => p.UnitPrice)
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        MIN([Extent1].[UnitPrice]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

4. 平均值

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                AverageUnitPrice = g.Average(p => p.UnitPrice)
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        AVG([Extent1].[UnitPrice]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

5. 求和

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                TotalUnitPrice = g.Sum(p => p.UnitPrice)
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        SUM([Extent1].[UnitPrice]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

6. 計數

var expr = from g in
               from p in context.Products
               group p by p.CategoryID
           select new
           {
               CategoryID = g.Key,
               ProductsNumber = g.Count()
           };

var expr = from p in context.Products
           group p by p.CategoryID into g
           select new
           {
               g.Key,
               ProductNumber = g.Count()
           };

var expr = context.Products
    .GroupBy(p => p.CategoryID)
    .Select(g => new
    {
        CategoryID = g.Key,
        ProductNumber = g.Count()
    });

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        COUNT(1) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                ProductNumber = g.Count(p => p.UnitsInStock > 0)
            };

7. Where限制

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by p.CategoryID into g
            where g.Count() > 10
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                ProductNumber = g.Count()
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A2] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        COUNT(1) AS [A1], 
        COUNT(1) AS [A2]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]
    WHERE [GroupBy1].[A1] > 10

8. 多列分組

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by new 
            {
                p.CategoryID,
                p.Discontinued
            } 
            into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                ProductNumber = g.Count()
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[K3] AS [C1], 
    [GroupBy1].[K2] AS [Discontinued], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C2]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[K1] AS [K1], 
        [Extent1].[K2] AS [K2], 
        [Extent1].[K3] AS [K3], 
        COUNT([Extent1].[A1]) AS [A1]
        FROM ( SELECT 
            [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
            [Extent1].[Discontinued] AS [K2], 
            1 AS [K3], 
            1 AS [A1]
            FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        )  AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [K1], [K2], [K3]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by new 
            {
                p.CategoryID,
                p.Discontinued
            } 
            into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key.CategoryID,
                ProductNumber = g.Count()
            };

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [CategoryID], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[CategoryID] AS [K1], 
        [Extent1].[Discontinued] AS [K2], 
        COUNT(1) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [Extent1].[CategoryID], [Extent1].[Discontinued]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

9. 表示式

var expr = from p in context.Products
            group p by new
            {
                Criteria = p.UnitPrice > 10m
            }
            into g
            select new
            {
                g.Key,
                ProductNumber = g.Count()
            };

語句描述 ：使用Group By返回兩個產品序列。第一個序列包含單價大於10的產品。第二個序列包含單價小於或等於10的產品。

說明：按產品單價是否大於10分類 。其結果分為兩類，大於的是一類，小於或等於是另一類。

SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[K1] AS [C1], 
    [GroupBy1].[K2] AS [C2], 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C3]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[K1] AS [K1], 
        [Extent1].[K2] AS [K2], 
        COUNT([Extent1].[A1]) AS [A1]
        FROM ( SELECT 
            1 AS [K1], 
            CASE WHEN ([Extent1].[UnitPrice] > cast(10 as decimal(18))) THEN cast(1 as bit) WHEN ( NOT ([Extent1].[UnitPrice] > cast(10 as decimal(18)))) THEN cast(0 as bit) END AS [K2], 
            1 AS [A1]
            FROM [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent1]
        )  AS [Extent1]
        GROUP BY [K1], [K2]
    )  AS [GroupBy1]

10. 多表連線查詢

var expr = from d in context.OrderDetails
           join o in context.Orders on d.OrderID equals o.OrderID
           join p in context.Products on d.ProductID equals p.ProductID
           select new
           {
               o.OrderID,
               o.UserID,
               p.ProductID,
               p.ProductName,
               d.Quantity
           };

SELECT 
    [Extent2].[OrderID] AS [OrderID], 
    [Extent2].[UserID] AS [UserID], 
    [Extent3].[ProductID] AS [ProductID], 
    [Extent3].[ProductName] AS [ProductName], 
    [Extent1].[Quantity] AS [Quantity]
    FROM   [dbo].[OrderDetail] AS [Extent1]
    INNER JOIN [dbo].[Order] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[OrderID] = [Extent2].[OrderID]
    INNER JOIN [dbo].[Product] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent1].[ProductID] = [Extent3].[ProductID]