You are given a string, S, and a list of words, L, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in S that is a concatenation of each word in L exactly once and without any intervening characters.
For example, given:
S: "barfoothefoobarman"
L: ["foo", "bar"]
You should return the indices: [0,9]
.
(order does not matter).
題目意思: 輸入字串S和列表L,L含有一組長度相同的單詞。找出所有子串的開始下標,該子串由L的所有單詞拼接而成,而且沒有夾雜其他字元
解題思路是:
從原串S的第一個字元開始,取長度為L的元素個數乘以L裡單詞的長度,然後判斷該串是否僅僅含了L得所有單詞。
將子串拆分成多個長度和L單詞長度一致的單詞,然後根據hash_map來匹配子串的單詞
如果單詞匹配成功,則匹配數加1;
如果最後的匹配數等同於L的元素的個數,那麼該串包含了L得所有單詞,而且把該串的開始位置放入結果集中,繼續考察S的下一個字元開始的字串情況。
下面程式碼不知為什麼會超時
class Solution { public: vector<int> findSubstring(string S, vector<string> &L) { vector<int> res; int l_len = L.size(), sub_l_len = L[0].length(); int subLen = l_len * sub_l_len; unordered_map<string, int> hash_map; for(int i = 0 ; i < l_len; ++ i ) hash_map[L[i]]++; for(int i = 0 ; i < S.length()-subLen+1; ++i){ string sub = S.substr(i,subLen); int cnt = 0; unordered_map<string,int> cpHashMap(hash_map); for(int j = 0; j < l_len; ++ j){ string word = sub.substr(j*sub_l_len,sub_l_len); if(cpHashMap.find(word)==cpHashMap.end() || cpHashMap[word] == 0) break; else{ cpHashMap[word]--; cnt++; } } if(cnt == l_len) res.push_back(i); } return res; } };
對上面程式碼進行優化,減少了hash_map的拷貝
class Solution { public: vector<int> findSubstring(string S, vector<string> &L) { vector<int> res; int l_len = L.size(), sub_l_len = L[0].length(); int subLen = l_len * sub_l_len; unordered_map<string, int> hash_map,curHashMap; for(int i = 0 ; i < l_len; ++ i ) hash_map[L[i]]++; for(int i = 0 ; i < S.length()-subLen+1; ++i){ string sub = S.substr(i,subLen); int cnt = 0; curHashMap.clear(); for(int j = 0; j < l_len; ++ j){ string word = sub.substr(j*sub_l_len,sub_l_len); if(hash_map.find(word) ==hash_map.end()) break; curHashMap[word]++; if(curHashMap[word] > hash_map[word]) break; cnt++; } if(cnt == l_len) res.push_back(i); } return res; } };