在.NET Core 中實現健康檢查

SpringLeee發表於2021-01-24

.NET Core中提供了開箱即用的執行狀況檢查,首先,我將在.NET Core API應用程式中執行執行狀況檢查,接下來,我們將使用DbContext整合SQL Server或資料庫的執行狀況檢查,最後是如何實現自定義服務的執行狀況檢查。

在ASP.NET Core中實現健康檢查

要實現執行狀況檢查,您需要在專案中安裝 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.HealthChecks

接下來,在ConfigureServices方法中新增執行狀況檢查中介軟體。

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddHealthChecks();
    services.AddControllers();
}

然後修改Configure方法,使用中介軟體:

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{ 
    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        endpoints.MapControllers();
        endpoints.MapHealthChecks("/health");
    });
}

現在,準備工作完成,執行程式然後訪問 /health, 您將看到下邊結果:

HealthCheckService

.NET Core提供了一個HealthCheckService類,我們可以把健康檢查的放到我們的控制器中,就像這樣:

public class HealthController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly ILogger<HealthController> _logger;
    private readonly HealthCheckService _healthCheckService;
    public HealthController(ILogger<HealthController> logger,
        HealthCheckService healthCheckService)
    {
        _healthCheckService = healthCheckService;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Get()
    {
        var report = await _healthCheckService.CheckHealthAsync();

        return report.Status == HealthStatus.Healthy ? Ok(report) :
            StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.ServiceUnavailable, report);
    }
}

現在,如果您嘗試訪問/health,您將看到相同的結果。

接下來,我們將實現資料庫執行狀態檢查:

EntityFramework Core 健康檢查

首先,還是需要安裝Microsoft.Extensions.Diagnostics.HealthChecks.EntityFrameworkCore到我們的專案中。

接下來,我們拿到資料庫上下文,然後修改程式碼:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddControllers();
    services.AddApiVersioning();
}

然後,執行程式,現在訪問 /health 返回的結果是這樣:

IHealthCheck

一些情況下,預設的健康檢查可能不滿足我們的需求,那麼可以繼承 IHealthCheck 介面,自定義我們的健康檢查的邏輯。

public class ApiHealthCheck : IHealthCheck
{
    private readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;

    public ApiHealthCheck(IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory)
    {
        _httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;
    }
    public async Task<HealthCheckResult> CheckHealthAsync(HealthCheckContext context,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
    {
        using (var httpClient = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient())
        {
            var response = await httpClient.GetAsync("https://your-api-service.endpoint");
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                return HealthCheckResult.Healthy($"API is running.");
            }

            return HealthCheckResult.Unhealthy("API is not running");
        }
    }
}

然後修改程式碼如下:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddHealthChecks()
        .AddDbContextCheck<WeatherForecastDbContext>()
        .AddCheck<ApiHealthCheck>("ApiHealth");
    services.AddControllers();
}

然後,執行程式,訪問 /health,結果如下:

原文作者: Anuraj
原文連結: https://dotnetthoughts.net/implementing-health-check-aspnetcore/

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