linux系統安裝python3.6

如果系統已經安裝了python2.x，不需要解除安裝，直接安python3因為可能有程式依賴目前的python2環境，比如yum。

• 安裝依賴環境

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

如果安裝依賴不成功，則執行如下命令安裝依賴

sudo apt-get install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev

• 下載python3的包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.1/Python-3.6.1.tgz

官網：https://www.python.org/downloads/

• 解壓並拷貝到/usr/local目錄下

tar -zxvf Python-3.6.1.tgz -C /usr/local

• 編譯安裝

cd Python-3.6.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3

make

make install

• 建立python3的軟鏈

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

• 將/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH

vim ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile
 
# Get the aliases and functions
 
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
 
. ~/.bashrc
 
fi
 
# User specific environment and startup programs
 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
 
export PATH

• 生效環境變數配置

source ~/.bash_profile

• 檢查Python3及pip3是否正常可用

~ python3
Python 3.6.1 (default, Oct 26 2020, 19:14:50)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>