➤ 01測量背景

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在 DIY粒子檢測器 中使用了光電管 BPX61 ，這款感測器與BPW31都屬於PIN二極體，由於對應的耗散區以及本徵區的厚度比較大，適合接收粒子，並具有較小的結電容。而 BPW-21光電二極體 則具有很大的結電容，對應的PIN中的耗散區就小的多。

通過測量光電管（BPX61,BPW31,BPW-21）的反向電壓與結電容之間的關係可以反過來對比它們PIN節的厚度。

^{▲ LC100-A電容、電感測試模組}

 

➤ 02實驗過程

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1.測量方法

使用 LC100-A全功能型電感電容表,電感表，電容表，LC meter串列埠資料 來自動讀取測量的電容值。使用程控程式設計直流電源DP1308A設定偏壓。

^{▲ 測量電路}

2.測量結果

(1) BPW31

^{▲ BPW31反向電壓與結電容之間的關係}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[94.21,80.53,70.78,66.53,61.55,57.29,56.67,53.55,50.81,50.80,51.61,48.58,47.09,46.23,45.46,44.10,42.99,44.11,40.49,42.22,40.60,40.81,41.53,41.21,40.69,40.37,40.93,41.25,40.03,39.34,39.79,39.70,38.99,39.05,39.48,37.88,38.62,39.39,37.75,35.90,36.97,37.42,36.72,37.44,35.62,32.84,35.70,37.40,34.70,36.00]

(2) BPW-21

^{▲ BPW-21結電容與反向電壓}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[1110.23,1023.32,944.05,891.17,866.65,818.98,793.59,793.45,739.16,711.65,685.59,664.11,642.78,630.24,609.71,599.30,584.88,568.73,552.82,533.40,529.70,509.85,500.37,486.71,482.99,474.44,474.97,469.55,464.15,462.56,457.89,459.15,453.88,451.25,447.73,443.84,444.15,439.81,438.78,432.21,429.60,424.66,422.92,417.71,412.72,409.51,404.78,399.51,395.89,393.53]

(3) BPX-61

^{▲ BPX-61結電容與反向電壓}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[78.14,72.65,50.20,46.32,41.56,39.50,35.03,34.92,32.96,29.07,31.33,26.64,26.73,29.14,26.58,24.96,25.77,24.99,22.89,23.29,21.78,22.10,22.94,22.82,21.27,21.07,21.35,21.70,19.95,20.15,21.83,21.28,20.88,19.78,19.43,21.54,20.49,18.73,20.19,20.19,17.39,18.13,19.28,18.58,19.93,18.59,16.05,14.73,16.72,15.96]

(4) 1SV149

^{▲ 1SV149結電容與反向電壓}

v=[0.00,0.12,0.24,0.37,0.49,0.61,0.73,0.86,0.98,1.10,1.22,1.35,1.47,1.59,1.71,1.84,1.96,2.08,2.20,2.33,2.45,2.57,2.69,2.82,2.94,3.06,3.18,3.31,3.43,3.55,3.67,3.80,3.92,4.04,4.16,4.29,4.41,4.53,4.65,4.78,4.90,5.02,5.14,5.27,5.39,5.51,5.63,5.76,5.88,6.00]
c=[617.42,574.64,532.00,490.91,461.50,444.53,434.82,426.46,412.24,398.63,385.46,369.42,356.56,346.39,335.08,321.89,304.03,296.15,280.64,273.45,265.82,253.99,241.89,235.32,225.74,212.52,203.25,195.42,186.19,175.53,166.57,158.94,147.97,143.07,135.00,120.46,101.82,90.15,75.35,60.06,51.75,40.20,38.20,35.15,34.12,34.49,33.89,29.79,28.42,25.83]

這個測試結果顯示的很奇怪的變化曲線的情況：中間部分（0.5-4.5V）之間是近似線性變化，但其他部分變化不同。

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST1.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2020-10-10
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tshardware    import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *

dp1308open(110)
dp1308p6v(0)

time.sleep(1)

setv = linspace(0, 6, 50)
cdim = []

for v in setv:
    dp1308p6v(v)
    time.sleep(.5)

    while True:
        c = int(zbcmdwait(b'lc100-a', 1, .5)) / 100.0
        if c >= 10: break
        time.sleep(.5)

    cdim.append(c)
    printff(v, c)
    tspsave('data', v=setv, c=cdim)

#------------------------------------------------------------

plt.plot(setv, cdim)
plt.xlabel("Voltage(V)")
plt.ylabel("Capacity(pF)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST1.PY
#============================================================

 

➤ ※ 結論

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通過 LC100-A全功能型電感電容表,電感表，電容表，LC meter串列埠資料 測量電容，大大提高了測量的效率。

對於三種光電管所測量的反向電壓與結電容之間的關係，與 Smartphone and Tablet-Based Sensing of Environmental Radioactivity: Mobile Low-Cost Measurements for Monitoring, Citizen Science, and Educational Purposes 中給出的實驗結果都很相似，反映了PIN光電二極體的結厚度隨著反向電壓增加而增加，從而導致結電容減小。

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■ 相關文獻連結:

• DIY一個粒子檢測器 2020-10
• BPX61
• BPW-21光電二極體的特性測試
• LC100-A全功能型電感電容表,電感表，電容表，LC meter串列埠資料
• Smartphone and Tablet-Based Sensing of Environmental Radioactivity: Mobile Low-Cost Measurements for Monitoring, Citizen Science, and Educational Purposes