範圍分割槽

Barnett_fly發表於2020-10-05
系列文章：
範圍分割槽 mysql執行計劃

​ 範圍分割槽表的分割槽方式是：每個分割槽都包含行資料且分割槽的表示式在給定的範圍內，分割槽的範圍應該是連續的且不能重疊，可以使用values less than運算子來定義。

​ 1、建立普通的表

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT NOT NULL,
    store_id INT NOT NULL
);

​ 2、建立帶分割槽的表，下面建表的語句是按照store_id來進行分割槽的，指定了4個分割槽

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT NOT NULL,
    store_id INT NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (store_id) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (6),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (11),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (16),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (21)
);
--在當前的建表語句中可以看到，store_id的值在1-5的在p0分割槽，6-10的在p1分割槽，11-15的在p3分割槽，16-20的在p4分割槽，但是如果插入超過20的值就會報錯，因為mysql不知道將資料放在哪個分割槽

​ 3、可以使用less than maxvalue來避免此種情況

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT NOT NULL,
    store_id INT NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (store_id) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (6),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (11),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (16),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);
--maxvalue表示始終大於等於最大可能整數值的整數值

​ 4、可以使用相同的方式根據員工的職務程式碼對錶進行分割槽

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT NOT NULL,
    store_id INT NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (job_code) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1000),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (10000)
);

​ 5、可以使用date型別進行分割槽：如虛妄根據每個員工離開公司的年份進行劃分，如year(separated)

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT,
    store_id INT
)
PARTITION BY RANGE ( YEAR(separated) ) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1991),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1996),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (2001),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);

​ 6、可以使用函式根據range的值來對錶進行分割槽，如timestampunix_timestamp()

CREATE TABLE quarterly_report_status (
    report_id INT NOT NULL,
    report_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    report_updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)
PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated) ) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-04-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-07-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-10-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-04-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-07-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-10-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2010-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
);
--timestamp不允許使用任何其他涉及值的表示式

基於時間間隔的分割槽方案，在mysql5.7中，可以基於範圍或事件間隔實現分割槽方案，有兩種選擇
1、基於範圍的分割槽，對於分割槽表示式，可以使用操作函式基於date、time、或者datatime列來返回一個整數值

CREATE TABLE members (
    firstname VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    lastname VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    username VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(35),
    joined DATE NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE( YEAR(joined) ) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1960),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1970),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (1980),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (1990),
    PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);

CREATE TABLE quarterly_report_status (
    report_id INT NOT NULL,
    report_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    report_updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)
PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated) ) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-04-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-07-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2008-10-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-04-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-07-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-10-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2010-01-01 00:00:00') ),
    PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
);

2、基於範圍列的分割槽，使用date或者datatime列作為分割槽列

CREATE TABLE members (
    firstname VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    lastname VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    username VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(35),
    joined DATE NOT NULL
)
PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(joined) (
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('1960-01-01'),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('1970-01-01'),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ('1980-01-01'),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ('1990-01-01'),
    PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);
#不分割槽的表
CREATE TABLE no_part_tab
(id INT DEFAULT NULL,
remark VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL,
d_date DATE DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=MYISAM;
#分割槽的表
CREATE TABLE part_tab
(id INT DEFAULT NULL,
remark VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL,
d_date DATE DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=MYISAM
PARTITION BY RANGE(YEAR(d_date))(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN(1995),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN(1996),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN(1997),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN(1998),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN(1999),
PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN(2000),
PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN(2001),
PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN(2002),
PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN(2003),
PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN(2004),
PARTITION p10 VALUES LESS THAN maxvalue);
#插入未分割槽表記錄
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS no_load_part;


DELIMITER//
CREATE PROCEDURE no_load_part()
BEGIN
    DECLARE i INT;
    SET i =1;
    WHILE i<80001
    DO
    INSERT INTO no_part_tab VALUES(i,'no',ADDDATE('1995-01-01',(RAND(i)*36520) MOD 3652));
    SET i=i+1;
    END WHILE;
END//
DELIMITER ;

CALL no_load_part;
#插入分割槽表記錄
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS load_part;

DELIMITER&& 
CREATE PROCEDURE load_part()
BEGIN
    DECLARE i INT;
    SET i=1;
    WHILE i<80001
    DO
    INSERT INTO part_tab VALUES(i,'partition',ADDDATE('1995-01-01',(RAND(i)*36520) MOD 3652));
    SET i=i+1;
    END WHILE;
END&&
DELIMITER ;

CALL load_part;
本作品採用《CC 協議》，轉載必須註明作者和本文連結
jzhao

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