單機Linux平臺Oracle 11g DataGuard Physical Standby 搭建例項(1)

Data Guard 環境：

作業系統： RHEL5 X64

一． Primary 端的配置

1. 主庫設定為force logging 模式

SQL> alter database force logging;

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

2. 主庫設為歸檔模式

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> archive log list;

3. 建立備庫的密碼檔案和控制檔案

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/control01.ctl';

--說明：判斷一個資料庫是Primary還是Standby，就是透過控制檔案來判斷的。

$ cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwstby

4. 修改初始化引數檔案

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/init.ora' from spfile;

在init.ora 新增如下內容：

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcl'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,stby)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u1/app/oracle/oradata/arch valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=stby LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stby'

*.log_archive_max_processes=2

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.standby_archive_dest=' ?/dbs/arch'    此引數已過時，不用設定

*.FAL_SERVER='stby'

*.FAL_CLIENT='orcl'

*.log_file_name_convert='stby','orcl'

*.db_file_name_convert='stby','orcl'

-- 注意：orcl,stby是在tnsnames檔案中配置的

5. 用'/tmp/init.ora'這個pfile啟動資料庫，並生成spfile。

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/init.ora';

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/tmp/init.ora';

6. 修改listener.ora 和tnsnames.ora 檔案

Listener.ora 檔案：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (PROGRAM = extproc)

    )

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME = orcl) 

    )

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

      (SID_NAME = stby) 

    )

  )

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = RHEL5)(PORT = 1521))

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

    )

  )

注意：SID_LIST_LISTENER配置的是靜態註冊，如果沒有該引數，而且Data Guard啟動順序又不正確，那麼在主庫可能會報 PING[ARC1]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'stby'. Error is 12514. 錯誤，導致歸檔無法完成。

Tnsnames.ora 檔案

ORCL =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =RHEL5)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) )

  )

STBY =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = RHEL5)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = stby))

  )