ASM的配置與管理

lsq_008發表於2012-08-30
ASM
--首先需要配置css服務

[root@rhel /]# cd /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin
[root@rhel bin]# ./localconfig  add
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Configuration for local CSS has been initialized

Adding to inittab 
Startup will be queued to init within 30 seconds.
Checking the status of new Oracle init process...
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
CSS is active on these nodes.
        rhel
CSS is active on all nodes.
Oracle CSS service is installed and running under init(1M)
[root@rhel bin]# ps -ef|grep d.bin
oracle   16501 16273  1 06:50 ?        00:00:00 /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin/ocssd.bin
root     16519 15239  0 06:51 pts/0    00:00:00 grep d.bin

--編輯asm初始化引數檔案

[root@rhel bin]# su - oracle
[oracle@rhel ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init+ASM.ora

INSTANCE_TYPE = ASM
ASM_DISKSTRING='/dev/sd*'

[oracle@rhel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Aug 29 06:54:44 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes
Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes
Variable Size              53253856 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                           HEADER_STATU PATH
------------------------------ ------------ ------------------------------
                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sda1
                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sdb1
--建立磁碟組

SQL>  CREATE DISKGROUP DG1 NORMAL REDUNDANCY 
  2   FAILGROUP controller1 DISK
  3  '/dev/sda1'
  4  FAILGROUP controller2 DISK
  5  '/dev/sdb1';

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select name,SECTOR_SIZE,BLOCK_SIZE,ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE,STATE,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME       SECTOR_SIZE BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
---------- ----------- ---------- -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ----------
DG1                512       4096              1048576 MOUNTED     NORMAL       2038       1936

SQL>  select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME       HEADER_STATU PATH
---------- ------------ ------------------------------
DG1_0001   MEMBER       /dev/sdb1
DG1_0000   MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--磁碟組的mount與umount
SQL> startup nomount
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes
Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes
Variable Size              53253856 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      /home/db/oracle/product/10.2.0
                                                 /dbs/spfile+ASM.ora
SQL> show parameter disk

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups                       string
asm_diskstring                       string      /dev/sd*
disk_asynch_io                       boolean     TRUE
SQL> alter diskgroup dg1 mount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> show parameter asm_diskgroups

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups                       string      DG1

--為了使磁碟組能自動被mount，需要將asm_diskgroups='DG1' 加入到初始化引數檔案中：

SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups='DG1' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL> show parameter asm_diskgroups

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups                       string      DG1
SQL> shutdown 
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@rhel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Aug 29 07:41:09 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount;
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   79691776 bytes
Fixed Size                  1272096 bytes
Variable Size              53253856 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted

SQL> col name for a10
SQL> set lines 132
SQL>  select name,SECTOR_SIZE,BLOCK_SIZE,ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE,STATE,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME       SECTOR_SIZE BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE       TYPE     TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
---------- ----------- ---------- -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ----------
DG1                512       4096              1048576 MOUNTED     NORMAL       2038       1936
---這一次，diskgroup被自動掛載了

--刪除磁碟組，如果磁碟上有檔案，需要加including contents

SQL>  drop diskgroup dg1 including contents;

Diskgroup dropped.

SQL>  select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                      HEADER_STATU PATH
------------------------- ------------ ---------------
                          FORMER       /dev/sdb1
                          FORMER       /dev/sda1

--重新建立磁碟組
SQL>  CREATE DISKGROUP DG1 external redundancy disk 
  2  '/dev/sd*';

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                      HEADER_STATU PATH
------------------------- ------------ ---------------
DG1_0000                  MEMBER       /dev/sdb1
DG1_0001                  MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--新增磁碟到磁碟組中
---首先將磁碟分割槽並修改分割槽許可權
[root@rhel ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-130, default 130): 
Using default value 130

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@rhel ~]# chown oracle:dba /dev/sdc1

--啟動ASM例項，檢視磁碟

SQL> select name, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                           HEADER_STATU PATH
------------------------------ ------------ ----------
                               CANDIDATE    /dev/sdc1
DG1_0000                       MEMBER       /dev/sdb1
DG1_0001                       MEMBER       /dev/sda1

--可見/dev/sdc1已經被發現，將該磁碟加入到磁碟組dg1中：

SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP dg1 ADD DISK '/dev/sdc1';

Diskgroup altered.

--觀察v$asm_operation檢視，可見正在進行rebalnce操作：

SQL> select * from v$asm_operation;

GROUP_NUMBER OPERA STAT      POWER     ACTUAL      SOFAR   EST_WORK   EST_RATE EST_MINUTES
------------ ----- ---- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
           1 REBAL RUN           1          1        121        419        230           1

---檢視v$asm_disk檢視，可見資料已經被移到了新加的磁碟上，且分佈均勻：

SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,name,PATH,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_disk;

DISK_NUMBER NAME                           PATH         TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
----------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
          2 DG1_0002                       /dev/sdc1        1019        604
          0 DG1_0000                       /dev/sdb1        1019        603
          1 DG1_0001                       /dev/sda1        1019        603

--建立一個表空間，然後再次檢視v$asm_disk檢視：
SQL> create tablespace users datafile '+DG1/oradata/mbs/users01.dbf' size 200m;

Tablespace created.

--可以發現資料檔案被均勻的分佈在各個磁碟上：
SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,name,PATH,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB from v$asm_disk;

DISK_NUMBER NAME                           PATH         TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
----------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
          2 DG1_0002                       /dev/sdc1        1019        536
          0 DG1_0000                       /dev/sdb1        1019        536
          1 DG1_0001                       /dev/sda1        1019        536

以上是在oracle 10g環境下測試通過

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