ASM管理環境----資料檔案丟失介質恢復（MEDIA RECOVERY）
與檔案系統的介質恢復最大的區別在於，雖然指定相同路徑相同檔名，但由於OMF管理的原因，
ASM不可能建立原來一樣的檔名，那只是ASM Alias別名。
[root@vmrac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 28 20:08:44 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-- 檢視後臺管理程式
SQL> select name,description from v$bgprocess where paddr<>'00';
NAME DESCRIPTION
----- ----------------------------------------------------------------
PMON process cleanup
VKTM Virtual Keeper of TiMe process
GEN0 generic0
DIAG diagnosibility process
DBRM DataBase Resource Manager
RSMN Remote Slave Monitor
PING interconnect latency measurement
PSP0 process spawner 0
ACMS Atomic Controlfile to Memory Server
DIA0 diagnosibility process 0
LMON global enqueue service monitor
NAME DESCRIPTION
----- ----------------------------------------------------------------
LMD0 global enqueue service daemon 0
LMS0 global cache service process 0
RMS0 rac management server
LMHB lm heartbeat monitor
MMAN Memory Manager
DBW0 db writer process 0
ARC0 Archival Process 0
ARC1 Archival Process 1
ARC2 Archival Process 2
ARC3 Archival Process 3
LGWR Redo etc.
NAME DESCRIPTION
----- ----------------------------------------------------------------
LCK0 Lock Process 0
CKPT checkpoint
CTWR Change Tracking Writer
SMON System Monitor Process
SMCO Space Manager Process
RECO distributed recovery
GTX0 Global Txn process 0
CJQ0 Job Queue Coordinator
RCBG Result Cache: Background
QMNC AQ Coordinator
RBAL ASM Rebalance master
NAME DESCRIPTION
----- ----------------------------------------------------------------
ASMB ASM Background
MARK mark AU for resync koordinator
MMON Manageability Monitor Process
MMNL Manageability Monitor Process 2
37 rows selected.
-- 檢視資料庫目前所用的資料檔案
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/rac/datafile/system.256.829110499
+DATA/rac/datafile/sysaux.257.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/users.259.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/example.267.829110655
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs2.268.829111091
6 rows selected.
SQL> host
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Oct 28 20:20:06 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RAC (DBID=2417092639)
-- 檢視當前備份檔案
RMAN> list backup;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Incr 3 144.00K DISK 00:00:02 28-OCT-13
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20131028T175756
Piece Name: +DATA/rac/backupset/2013_10_28/nnndn3_tag20131028t175756_0.277.830023077
List of Datafiles in backup set 4
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/system.256.829110499
2 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/sysaux.257.829110501
3 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.829110501
4 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/users.259.829110501
5 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/example.267.829110655
6 3 Incr 1332188 28-OCT-13 +DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs2.268.829111091
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Incr 3 17.70M DISK 00:00:01 28-OCT-13
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20131028T175756
Piece Name: +DATA/rac/backupset/2013_10_28/ncsnn3_tag20131028t175756_0.278.830023081
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 28-OCT-13
SPFILE db_unique_name: RAC
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1332189 Ckp time: 28-OCT-13
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ exit
exit
-- 新建表空間WAILON
SQL> create tablespace wailon datafile size 10m;
Tablespace created.
-- 增加表空間USERS的資料檔案
SQL> alter tablespace users add datafile size 1m;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/rac/datafile/system.256.829110499
+DATA/rac/datafile/sysaux.257.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/users.259.829110501
+DATA/rac/datafile/example.267.829110655
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs2.268.829111091
+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681
+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699
8 rows selected.
-- 在新建的表空間WAILON上建立表
SQL> create user wailon identified by wailon default tablespace wailon;
User created.
SQL> grant connect,resource to wailon;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> alter user wailon quota 10m on wailon;
User altered.
SQL> conn wailon/wailon
Connected.
SQL> create table test as select * from user_tables;
Table created.
SQL> create table test2 as select * from test;
Table created.
SQL> select tablespace_name,table_name from user_tables;
TABLESPACE_NAME TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
WAILON TEST
WAILON TEST2
-- 模擬資料檔案丟失，出現故障
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d rac
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ su - grid
Password:
[grid@vmrac1 ~]$ rlwrap asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > ls
DATA/
ASMCMD [+] > cd data
ASMCMD [+data] > ls
RAC/
vmrac/
ASMCMD [+data] > cd rac
ASMCMD [+data/rac] > ls
ARCHIVELOG/
BACKUPSET/
CHANGETRACKING/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/
spfilerac.ora
ASMCMD [+data/rac] > cd datafile
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.267.829110655
SYSAUX.257.829110501
SYSTEM.256.829110499
UNDOTBS1.258.829110501
UNDOTBS2.268.829111091
USERS.259.829110501
USERS.283.830031699
WAILON.282.830031681
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > rm USERS.283.830031699
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > rm WAILON.282.830031681
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > exit
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 28 20:31:09 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
-- 啟動資料庫出錯，無法找到資料檔案
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 463478784 bytes
Fixed Size 2229384 bytes
Variable Size 213912440 bytes
Database Buffers 239075328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8261632 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681'
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 7: '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681'
-- 無法恢復，建立對應的資料檔案
SQL> alter database create datafile 7;
Database altered.
SQL> recover datafile 7;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 7: '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681'
SQL> set line 120
SQL> col name for a60
SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 +DATA/rac/datafile/system.256.829110499
2 +DATA/rac/datafile/sysaux.257.829110501
3 +DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.829110501
4 +DATA/rac/datafile/users.259.829110501
5 +DATA/rac/datafile/example.267.829110655
6 +DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs2.268.829111091
7 +DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681
8 +DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699
8 rows selected.
SQL> alter database create datafile '+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699';
Database altered.
SQL> recover datafile 8;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 8: '+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 8 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 8: '+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699'
-- 仍然無法恢復
SQL> host
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ su - grid
Password:
-- 建立對應的資料檔案，留意檔名稱不一樣
[grid@vmrac1 ~]$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > cd data/rac/datafile
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.267.829110655
SYSAUX.257.829110501
SYSTEM.256.829110499
UNDOTBS1.258.829110501
UNDOTBS2.268.829111091
USERS.259.829110501
USERS.283.830032525
WAILON.282.830032351
ASMCMD [+data/rac/datafile] > exit
[grid@vmrac1 ~]$ exit
logout
[oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
-- 修改控制檔案中的指標
SQL> alter database rename file '+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830031699' to '+DATA/rac/datafile/USERS.283.830032525';
Database altered.
SQL> alter database rename file '+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830031681' to '+DATA/rac/datafile/WAILON.282.830032351';
Database altered.
-- 再次執行恢復
SQL> recover datafile 7;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> recover datafile 8;
Media recovery complete.
-- 成功恢復後開啟資料庫
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
-- 檢查資料檔案，驗證資料是否恢復
SQL> set line 120
SQL> col file_name for a60
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,bytes/1048576 from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1048576
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------
+DATA/rac/datafile/wailon.282.830032351 WAILON 10
+DATA/rac/datafile/users.259.829110501 USERS 5
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.829110501 UNDOTBS1 100
+DATA/rac/datafile/sysaux.257.829110501 SYSAUX 570
+DATA/rac/datafile/system.256.829110499 SYSTEM 720
+DATA/rac/datafile/example.267.829110655 EXAMPLE 313.125
+DATA/rac/datafile/undotbs2.268.829111091 UNDOTBS2 25
+DATA/rac/datafile/users.283.830032525 USERS 1
8 rows selected.
SQL> conn wailon/wailon
Connected.
SQL> select tablespace_name,table_name from user_tables;
TABLESPACE_NAME TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
WAILON TEST
WAILON TEST2
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/429786/viewspace-776892/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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