Oracle11g R2 RAC安裝

   安裝環境如下：VMWARE軟體：VMSERVER 2.0.2

作業系統： Redhat Enterprise Linux AS 5.4 x86-64

每個機器分配2G的記憶體（沒有2G的記憶體，建議就不要安裝11g R2 rac了），12G的磁碟空間（11G安裝作業系統和ORACLE,1G用作SWAP空間）。

折騰了2天終於搞好了，發現11g R2 RAC遠高於10g，比如啟動ASM的例項，系統強制要求memory_target最少是256M！

啟動dbconsole後，發現機器已經非常慢了，系統的load >20，經過觀察應該主要還是筆記本的磁碟IO太慢了，WAIT的cpu幾乎到50%，導致CPU很忙！

安裝過程網上有大把安裝文件就不詳細寫了，不過我這裡配置了GNS（網格命名服務），使用SCAN來管理群集的LISTENER，這樣以後新增或刪除節點的時候

客戶端不用修改連線串，只要寫一個GNS-NAME就可以連線到任何一個節點上面。

遇到了如下的問題：

1、作業系統空間不夠使用

       給系統12G的空間是肯定沒法安裝下11gR2的GRID INFRA和DB SOFTWARE的，我們可以計算下空間需求：

      作業系統需要3G

     SWAP空間需要1G

     GRID INFRA軟體需要3.5G

     DB SOFT需要4.5G

     以上合計：12G

  由於我係統分割槽如下

/dev/sda1   11G掛接到 /分割槽下

/dev/sda2    1G掛接到 swap下面

後來在VMWARE中把磁碟擴大到15G，但是要把這多出的3G空間分配給/，這個就很麻煩了，因為我沒有使用LVM來管理系統檔案，

因此需要通過安裝盤boot到linux rescue模式，把根分割槽和SWAP分割槽都 umount下來，然後刪除swap分割槽和根分割槽，再建立新的分割槽，

/dev/sda1  14G  根分割槽

/dev/sda2  1G    swap

然後再使用resize2fs把根分割槽resize到14G。

這樣搞有個好處就是不用重新安裝作業系統，檔案系統就完成擴充套件了。

 

2、GNS配置錯誤，導致GRID INFRA安裝後的root.sh執行出錯

      root.sh執行到最後提示如下錯誤：

Preparing packages for installation...
cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... failed
Updating inventory properties for clusterware
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

結果檢查發現由於如下錯誤，導致VIP不能啟動

2010-06-01 15:01:36: output for start nodeapps is  PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip CRS-5015: Agent timed out waiting for a response from the DHCP server CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on 'node1-11gr2-rac' failed CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on that would satisfy its placement policy
2010-06-01 15:01:36: output of startnodeapp after removing already started mesgs is PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip CRS-5015: Agent timed out waiting for a response from the DHCP server CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on 'node1-11gr2-rac' failed CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip' on that would satisfy its placement policy
2010-06-01 15:01:36: /u01/grid/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n node1-11gr2-rac ... failed

2010-06-01 15:01:36: /u01/grid/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n node1-11gr2-rac ... failed
2010-06-01 15:01:36: Install cvuqdisk rpm on Linux...
2010-06-01 15:01:36: New package to install is /u01/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:36: Invoking "/bin/rpm -q cvuqdisk" command
2010-06-01 15:01:36: no existing cvuqdisk found
2010-06-01 15:01:36: removing old rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:36: installing/upgrading new rpm
2010-06-01 15:01:38: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... failed

好像是DHCP服務沒有給vip分配到地址導致vip不能啟動，唉搞GNS確實比較麻煩，因為需要配置DHCP、DNS等配置，經過檢查發現是DNS配置有問題，導致vip不能啟動

執行刪除配置

節點1執行[root@node1-11gr2-rac install]# /u01/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl -delete -force -verbose

節點2執行[root@node2-11gr2-rac install]# /u01/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -verbose -deconfig -force -lastnode

這時11g R2一個做得比較好的地方，可以刪除crs的配置（關鍵是這個命令刪除得很乾淨，比手工刪除更完全），而不用刪除軟體，就可以重新配置，節省了不少時間。

配置好DNS後，
[root@node1-11gr2-rac bin]# nslookup rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Server:         10.10.10.221
Address:        10.10.10.221#53

Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.213
Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.211
Name:   rac-cluster-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 10.10.10.212

[root@node1-11gr2-rac bin]#

再執行root.sh成功！

[root@node2-11gr2-rac ~]# /u01/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.OCRVOTING1.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac          Started            
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac          Started            
ora.eons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      node1-11gr2-rac                             
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.node1-11gr2-rac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.node2-11gr2-rac.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.oc4j
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                                                  
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node2-11gr2-rac                             
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       node1-11gr2-rac                             
[root@node2-11gr2-rac ~]#

GNS給scan的3個VIP地址是通過DHCP服務給的，分別是

10.10.10.254

10.10.10.253

10.10.10.252