10g Administrator workshop II---Database structure
資料庫結構
Ø Memory structures
n SGA: Database buffer cache, redo buffer, various pools
n PGA
Ø Process structures
n User process and server process
n Background processes: SMON, PMON, DBWn, CKPT, LGWR, ARCn……
Ø Storage structures
n Logical: Database, schema, tablespace, segment, extent, Oracle block
1. Oracle Memory Structures
一個例項包含SGA和PGA,SGA由所有的伺服器程式和背景程式共享
SGA是一個包含例項資料和控制資訊的記憶體區域,由以下部分組成:
l Database buffer cache:儲存查詢結果資料的快取塊;
l Redo buffer:在重做日誌被寫入到磁碟的物理重做日誌檔案前快取重做資訊;
l Shared pool:快取能被共享的SQL等;
l Large pool:提供大的記憶體分配,如進行Oracle備份和恢復時;
l Java Pool:用於Java編碼
l Stream pool:Oracle Streams
引數SGA_TARGET建立和配置記憶體結構,如果SGA_TARGET=0,ASSM(Automatic Shared Memory Management)是不可用的
2. Oracle Processes
主要的背景程式:
l System Monitor(SMON):當例項啟動失敗時執行資料庫崩潰恢復
l Process Monitor(PMON):當一個使用者程式失敗時執行程式清理
l Database Writer(DBWn):將更改的塊從資料庫快取中寫到磁碟中的資料庫檔案中
l Checkpoing(CHPT):更新所有的資料檔案和控制檔案到最近的checkpoint
l LogWriter(LGWR):將重做日誌寫到磁碟
l Archiver(ARCn):但發生日誌切換時將重做日誌複製到歸檔儲存檔案中
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