WinCE資料通訊之Web Service篇
準備寫個WinCE平臺與資料庫伺服器資料通訊互動方面的專題文章，今天先整理個Web Service通訊方式。
公司目前的硬體產品平臺是WinCE5.0，資料通訊是連線伺服器與終端的橋樑，關係著終端的資料能否準確及時高效抵達伺服器，是整個專案成敗的關鍵。原先公司有同事用VC寫過一個程式用Socket進行資料通訊，但一直問題不斷。年前我開始探索用SqlCE與SqlServer資料同步方式進行資料上傳與下載，通訊已經正常穩定。這方面的文章後續再整理。
Web Service用於PC間通訊的文章網上有很多，但用於WinCE平臺呼叫的經驗總結並不多見。Web Service的程式編寫與配置呼叫相對來講比較簡單，Visual Studio裡直接新建一個“Asp.net web 服務應用程式”就可以建立一個web Service專案了。其中的程式碼根據實際需求編寫就行，這方面就不詳述了。
終端裝置是通過GPRS來進行資料傳輸的，因此，資料流量是非常重要的問題，應當儘可能少的減少資料傳輸，流量可是Money
，壓縮技術是關鍵。Google**，找到了一款物美價廉的東東-Ihttp://www.icsharpcode.net/OpenSource/SharpZipLib/Default.aspx 所謂物美是這款程式碼支援Dot net CF平臺，所謂價廉是這款程式碼完全開源免費。
操刀開工。。。先建一個直接返回DataSet集的Web Service服務
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private SqlConnection Conn; private string ConnString = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=Northwind;uid=sa;pwd=sa;";dataConnection#region dataConnection
private DataSet GetNorthwindDataSet()
{ return ExecuteSql("select * from Employees");
} private DataSet ExecuteSql(string mysql) { DataSet dataSet = new DataSet(); SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(mysql, this.Conn); try { if (this.Conn.State == ConnectionState.Closed) { this.Conn.Open(); } adapter.Fill(dataSet, "table"); } catch (Exception exception) { HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(exception.Message); HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); } finally { if ((this.Conn != null) && (this.Conn.State == ConnectionState.Open)) { this.Conn.Close(); } adapter.Dispose(); } return dataSet; }
#endregion //方法一:直接返回 DataSet 物件 [WebMethod(Description = "直接返回 DataSet 物件。")] public DataSet GetDataSet() { DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet(); return dataSet; }建立一個智慧裝置應用程式，新增Web引用，我這裡用的是靜態引用，沒有用動態引用的原因是，試過網上的動態生成WebService引用的程式碼，效率遠比靜態引用要低很多，考慮終端裝置資源的有限性，還是用的靜態引用。建立好專案後在介面上新增一個button和datagrid控制元件，新增程式碼：
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private webSer.Service1 ws; private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { ws = new DeviceApplication1.webSer.Service1(); } //webmethod直接返回dataset private void btnDataSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; DataSet ds = ws.GetDataSet(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，繫結資料耗時：{1}，資料量：{2}", dtDown - dtBegin, DateTime.Now - dtDown, ds.GetXml().Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } }連線好終端裝置，測試點選按鈕，幾秒後DataGrid表格正確顯示資料，OK，說明WinCE已經能夠正確呼叫Web Service了。如果不能正確呼叫，檢察WebService釋出與Web引用是否正確，資料庫配置是否正確。
接下來就是要把資料進行壓縮了，壓縮前要進行資料的序列化，序列化程式碼如下：
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/**//// /// 序列化資料成byte[] /// /// 未序列化的資料 /// public static byte[] byteXmlSerializer(object o) { if (o == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer ser = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(o.GetType()); System.IO.MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(); System.Xml.XmlTextWriter writer = new System.Xml.XmlTextWriter(mem, Encoding.Default); ser.Serialize(writer, o); writer.Close(); return mem.ToArray(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /**//// /// 反序列化資料 /// /// 序列化後的資料 /// 被序列化的資料型別 /// public static object objXmlDeserialize(byte[] input, Type type) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(type); StreamReader stmRead = new StreamReader(new MemoryStream(input), System.Text.Encoding.Default); return mySerializer.Deserialize(stmRead); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } }ICSharpCode提供了多種資料壓縮的方式，我這裡測試了四種方式：BZip，Deflate，GZip，Zip
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private static int buffSize = 2048;//指定壓縮塊快取的大小，一般為2048的倍數 /**//// /// BZIP2壓縮資料 /// /// 原始未壓縮資料 /// public static byte[] BZipCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { //int buffSize = 2048;//指定壓縮塊的大小，一般為2048的倍數 using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (MemoryStream inmsStrm = new MemoryStream(input)) { BZip2.Compress(inmsStrm, outmsStrm, buffSize); } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /**//// /// 解壓縮BZIP2資料 /// /// 被BZIP2壓縮過的byte[]資料 /// public static byte[] BZipDeCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (MemoryStream inmsStrm = new MemoryStream(input)) { BZip2.Decompress(inmsStrm, outmsStrm); } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// 壓縮Deflater資料 /// /// 待壓縮byte[]資料 /// public static byte[] DeflaterCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { Deflater mDeflater = new Deflater(Deflater.BEST_COMPRESSION); //int buffSize = 2048;//131072 buff size using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (DeflaterOutputStream mStream = new DeflaterOutputStream(outmsStrm, mDeflater, buffSize)) { mStream.Write(input, 0, input.Length); } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// 解壓縮Deflater資料 /// /// 壓縮過的byte[]資料 /// public static byte[] DeflaterDeCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { Int32 mSize; //int buffSize = 2048; byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize]; using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (InflaterInputStream mStream = new InflaterInputStream(new MemoryStream(input))) { while (true) { mSize = mStream.Read(buff, 0, buff.Length); if (mSize > 0) { outmsStrm.Write(buff, 0, mSize); } else { break; } } } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// GZIP壓縮 /// /// 未壓縮的資料 /// public static byte[] GZipCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (GZipOutputStream gzip = new GZipOutputStream(outmsStrm)) { gzip.Write(input, 0, input.Length); } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// GZIP解壓縮 /// /// 壓縮過的資料 /// public static byte[] GZipDeCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (GZipInputStream gzip = new GZipInputStream(new MemoryStream(input))) { Int32 mSize; //int buffSize = 2048; byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize]; while (true) { mSize = gzip.Read(buff, 0, buffSize); if (mSize > 0) { outmsStrm.Write(buff, 0, mSize); } else { break; } } } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// ZIP壓縮資料 /// /// 待壓縮的資料 /// public static byte[] ZipCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (ZipOutputStream zipStrm = new ZipOutputStream(outmsStrm)) { ZipEntry zn = new ZipEntry("znName"); zipStrm.PutNextEntry(zn); zipStrm.Write(input, 0, input.Length); } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } } /**//// /// ZIP解壓縮資料 /// /// 壓縮過的資料 /// public static byte[] ZipDeCompress(byte[] input) { if (input == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("null input"); } try { using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream()) { using (ZipInputStream zipStrm = new ZipInputStream(new MemoryStream(input))) { Int32 mSize; //int buffSize = 2048; byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize]; ZipEntry zn = new ZipEntry("znName"); while ((zn = zipStrm.GetNextEntry()) != null) { while (true) { mSize = zipStrm.Read(buff, 0, buffSize); if (mSize > 0) { outmsStrm.Write(buff, 0, mSize); } else { break; } } } } return outmsStrm.ToArray(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw (ex); } }新增WebService服務
Code<!--
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--> //方法二：返回 DataSet 物件用序列化後的byte[]位元組陣列
[WebMethod(Description = "返回 DataSet 物件用序列化後的byte[]位元組陣列。")]
public byte[] GetDataSetBytes()
{
DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();
return ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
}
//方法三返回 DataSet物件用序列化並Bzip壓縮後的byte[]位元組陣列
[WebMethod(Description = "返回 DataSet物件用序列化並Bzip壓縮後的byte[]位元組陣列。")]
public byte[] GetBZiipCompress()
{
DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();
byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.BZipCompress(ser);
return zip;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回Deflater壓縮")]
public byte[] GetDeflaterCompress()
{
DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();
byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
//byte[] ser = ZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.DeflaterCompress(ser);
return zip;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回Gzip壓縮")]
public byte[] GetGZipCompress()
{
DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();
byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.GZipCompress(ser);
return zip;
}
[WebMethod(Description = "返回Zip壓縮")]
public byte[] GetZipCompress()
{
DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();
byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);
byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.ZipCompress(ser);
return zip;
}
新增終端裝置呼叫
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//webmethod序列化資料 private void btnSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; byte[] datas = ws.GetDataSetBytes(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(datas, typeof(DataSet)); DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，解壓序列化資料耗時：{1}，繫結資料耗時：{2}，資料量：{3}", dtDown - dtBegin,dtSerial-dtDown, DateTime.Now - dtDown, datas.Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } } //序列化並壓縮BZIP後資料 private void btnBZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; byte[] datas = ws.GetBZiipCompress(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.BZipDeCompress(datas); DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now; ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet)); DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，解壓BZIP耗時：{1}，解壓序列化耗時：{2}，繫結資料耗時：{3}，資料量：{4}", dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } } //序列化並壓縮Deflate後資料 private void btnDeflater_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; byte[] datas = ws.GetDeflaterCompress(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.DeflaterDeCompress(datas); DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now; ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet)); DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，解壓Deflater耗時：{1}，解壓序列化耗時：{2}，繫結資料耗時：{3}，資料量：{4}", dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } } //序列化並壓縮GZIP後資料 private void btnGZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; byte[] datas = ws.GetGZipCompress(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.GZipDeCompress(datas); DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now; ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet)); DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，解壓GZIP耗時：{1}，解壓序列化耗時：{2}，繫結資料耗時：{3}，資料量：{4}", dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } } //序列化並壓縮ZIP後資料 private void btnZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { this.dtGrid.DataSource = null; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now; byte[] datas = ws.GetZipCompress(); DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now; byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.ZipDeCompress(datas); DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now; ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet)); DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now; this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[0]; MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下載耗時：{0}，解壓ZIP耗時：{1}，解壓序列化耗時：{2}，繫結資料耗時：{3}，資料量：{4}", dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length)); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } }幾個測試壓縮資料dataset :268128;serial:269199;bzip:94561;Deflater:107049;gzip:108276;zip:108408;
附上原始碼，解壓密碼暫不公開，有需要的留下Email。原始碼一 原始碼二
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/21255398/viewspace-604875/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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