Oracle學習系列—資料庫備份—熱備份

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 14 00:31:13 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect as sysdba;

Enter user-name: sys

Enter password:

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 152115804 bytes

Fixed Size 453212 bytes

Variable Size 117440512 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

--檢視歸檔狀態，熱備份僅在歸檔狀態下進行

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination C:/oracle/ora92/database/archive

Oldest online log sequence 27

Next log sequence to archive 29

Current log sequence 29

--檢視需要備份的表空間，TEMP和UNDO表空間不需要備份

SQL> select Name from v$tablespace;

NAME

------------------------------

SYSTEM

UNDOTBS1

TEMP

MYTABLESPACE

--檢視需要備份的與相關表空間關聯的資料檔案

SQL> select substr(a.name,1,15) TSName,substr(b.name,1,45) DFName

2 from v$tablespace a,v$datafile b

3 where a.ts#=b.ts#

4 order by substr(a.name,1,15),substr(b.name,1,45);

TSNAME DFNAME

--------------------------------------------------------------

MYTABLESPACE C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE01.DBF

MYTABLESPACE C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE02.DBF

MYTABLESPACE C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE03.DBF

SYSTEM C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

UNDOTBS1 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

--進入熱備份狀態，首先把使用者表空間置為熱備份狀態

SQL> alter tablespace mytablespace begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

--熱備份時，查詢當前資料檔案備份的狀態

SQL> select file#,status,change#,time from v$backup;

FILE# STATUS CHANGE# TIME

---------- ------------------ ----------

1 NOT ACTIVE 0

2 NOT ACTIVE 0

3 ACTIVE 127198 26-MAR-07

4 ACTIVE 127198 26-MAR-07

5 ACTIVE 127198 26-MAR-07

--查詢FUZZY表示，如果為YES表示當前資料檔案正處在熱備份期間

SQL> select file#,status,fuzzy,name from v$datafile_header;

FILE# STATUS FUZ NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------

1 ONLINE C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

2 ONLINE C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

3 ONLINE YES C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE01.DBF

4 ONLINE YES C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE02.DBF

5 ONLINE YES C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE03.DBF

--在DOS狀態進行使用者表空間的物理檔案複製

C:/>cd C:/oracle/oradata/wbq

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>md backup

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>copy SYSTEM01.DBF backup

1 file(s) copied.

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>copy MYDATABLESPACE01.DBF backup

1 file(s) copied.

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>copy MYDATABLESPACE02.DBF backup

1 file(s) copied.

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>copy MYDATABLESPACE03.DBF backup

1 file(s) copied.

--複製結束後，在SQL視窗中結束熱備份的工作

SQL> alter tablespace mytablespace end backup;

Tablespace altered.

--把系統表空間置為熱備分狀態

SQL> alter tablespace system begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

--在DOS狀態進行系統表空間的物理檔案複製

C:/>cd C:/oracle/oradata/wbq

C:/oracle/oradata/wbq>copy SYSTEM01.DBF backup

1 file(s) copied.

SQL> alter tablespace system end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select a.file#,a.checkpoint_change#,b.file_name

2 from v$datafile a,dba_data_files b

3 where a.file#=b.file_id;

FILE# checkpoint_change# FILE_NAME

---------------------------------------------------------------

1 127684 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

2 121493 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

3 127198 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE01.DBF

4 127198 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE02.DBF

5 127198 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE03.DBF

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

--強制系統同步

SQL> select a.file#,a.checkpoint_change# ,b.file_name

2 from v$datafile a,dba_data_files b

3 where a.file#=b.file_id;

FILE# checkpoint_change# FILE_NAME

-------------------------------------------------------------------

1 128084 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/SYSTEM01.DBF

2 128084 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/UNDOTBS01.DBF

3 128084 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE01.DBF

4 128084 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE02.DBF

5 128084 C:/ORACLE/ORADATA/WBQ/MYDATABLESPACE03.DBF