當我們手動copy了整個資料庫，並透過重建控制檔案給資料庫指定了新的dbname，但是卻不能給資料庫分配新的dbid.對於以上問題我們可以透過nid命令來對資料庫分配一個全新的dbid。同時需要注意rman也是透過dbid來區分資料庫。

一命令解釋

[oracle@source ~]$ nid help=yes

DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on Thu Dec 5 00:09:50 2013

Keyword Description (Default)

----------------------------------------------------

TARGET Username/Password (NONE) 指定連線資料庫的使用者名稱和密碼

DBNAME New database name (NONE) DBNAME=new_db_name 改變資料庫的名字

LOGFILE Output Log (NONE) LOGFILE=logfile指定輸出訊息到指定的日誌檔案，預設nid覆蓋之前的日子檔案

REVERT Revert failed change NO 指定yes表明更改dbid失敗時能夠恢復之前的狀態

SETNAME Set a new database name only NO 指定yes表明僅僅更改資料庫db_name

APPEND Append to output log NO 指定yes標識輸出追加到已經存在的日誌檔案

HELP Displays these messages NO 指定yes顯示幫助資訊

注意：可以同時更改資料庫的dbid和db_name，也可以僅改變資料庫的db_name、抑或僅更改資料庫的dbid。語法分別如下：

改變dbid和db_name : nid target=sys/dhhzdhhz dbname=crm_test （也可以target=/）

僅改變db_name: nid target=sys/dhhzdhhz dbname=crm_test setname=yes （也可以target=/）

僅更改dbid： nid target=sys/dhhzdhhz （也可以target=/）

二使用nid的注意事項

1 確保有能夠對資料庫進行完全恢復的備份。

2 確保執行更改dbid操作時資料庫處於mounted狀態且mounted之前資料庫是經過shutdown immediate關閉的。

3 使用nid更改資料庫的dbid後，資料庫需要alter database open resetlogs啟動，啟動之後須對資料庫進行一次全備份，因為之前的備份和歸檔已經不能再使用了。

4 使用nid更改資料庫dbname後，需更改初始化引數檔案中的DB_NAME引數並重建密碼檔案。

5 使用nid不能更改全域性資料庫名。

6 確保所有資料檔案處於online狀態且不需要恢復。

7 儘量確保oracle沒有離線的資料檔案和只讀表空間，如果有使其正常化。

三舉兩個例子

eg1：僅更改資料庫dbid

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 922749032 bytes

Database Buffers 318767104 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@source ~]$ nid target=sys

DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Dec 4 23:39:11 2013

Password:

Connected to database CRM (DBID=3599153036)

Connected to server version 11.2.0

Control Files in database:

/oracle/CRM/control03.ctl

Change database ID of database CRM? (Y/[N]) => y

Proceeding with operation

Changing database ID from 3599153036 to 3641774948

Control File /oracle/CRM/control03.ctl - modified

Datafile /oracle/CRM/system01.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/sysaux01.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/zx.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/users01.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/pos.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/erp.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/user01.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/undotbs03.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/crm.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/jxc.db - dbid changed

Datafile /oracle/CRM/temp01.db - dbid changed

Control File /oracle/CRM/control03.ctl - dbid changed

Instance shut down

Database ID for database CRM changed to 3641774948.

All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.

Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.

Succesfully changed database ID.

DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.

[oracle@source ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Wed Dec 4 23:47:21 2013

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 922749032 bytes

Database Buffers 318767104 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;

DBID NAME

---------- ---------

3641774948 CRM

eg2 ：僅更改資料庫db_name

oracle@source ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Thu Dec 5 00:11:03 2013

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

--------------------

READ WRITE

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 905971816 bytes

Database Buffers 335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

oracle@source ~]$ nid target=sys dbname=CRM_TEST setname=YES

DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on Thu Dec 5 00:24:58 2013

Password:

Connected to database CRM (DBID=3641774948)

Connected to server version 11.2.0

Control Files in database:

/oracle/CRM/control03.ctl

Change database name of database CRM to CRM_TEST? (Y/[N]) => y

Proceeding with operation

Changing database name from CRM to CRM_TEST

Control File /oracle/CRM/control03.ctl - modified

Datafile /oracle/CRM/system01.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/sysaux01.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/zx.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/users01.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/pos.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/erp.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/user01.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/undotbs03.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/crm.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/jxc.db - wrote new name

Datafile /oracle/CRM/temp01.db - wrote new name

Control File /oracle/CRM/control03.ctl - wrote new name

Instance shut down

Database name changed to CRM_TEST.

Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.

Succesfully changed database name.

DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.

[oracle@source ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Thu Dec 5 00:25:33 2013

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 905971816 bytes

Database Buffers 335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

SQL> alter system set db_name=CRM_TEST scope=spfile;

System altered.

[oracle@source ~]$orapwd file="$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID" password=dhhzdhhz force=y

[oracle@source dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Thu Dec 5 00:34:40 2013

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> startup force open;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes

Fixed Size 2226072 bytes

Variable Size 905971816 bytes

Database Buffers 335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;

DBID NAME

---------- ---------

3641774948 CRM_TEST

本文出自 “myblog” 部落格，http://jiujian.blog.51cto.com/444665/1336559

oracle工具之nid命令的使用

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