重建控制檔案，並且不乾淨的關閉資料庫測試：

資料庫SHUTDOWN ABORT，刪除CONTROLFILE

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 419430400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2021248 bytes
Variable Size             171968640 bytes
Database Buffers          243269632 bytes
Redo Buffers                2170880 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XUEXI" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2      MAXLOGFILES 16
3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4      MAXDATAFILES 100
5      MAXINSTANCES 8
6      MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8    GROUP 1 '/oradata/xuexi/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
9    GROUP 2 '/oradata/xuexi/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
10    GROUP 3 '/oradata/xuexi/redo03.log' SIZE 50M,
11    GROUP 4 '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_8yqwxqsh_.log' SIZE 50M,
12    GROUP 5 (
13      '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1d59_.log',
14      '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1gvx_.log'
15    ) SIZE 50M,
16    GROUP 7 (
17      '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m1ro_.log',
18      '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m3gj_.log',
19      '/oradata/logfile07.log'
20    ) SIZE 100M
21 -- STANDBY LOGFILE
22 DATAFILE
23    '/oradata/xuexi/system01.dbf',
24    '/oradata/xuexi/undotbs01.dbf',
25    '/oradata/xuexi/sysaux01.dbf',
26    '/oradata/xuexi/users01.dbf',
27    '/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/o1_mf_tomf_8yqwrdoj_.dbf',
28    '/oradata/xuexi/omf2.dbf',
29    '/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp01.dbf',
30    '/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp011.dbf',
31    '/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo1.dbf',
32    '/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo2.dbf'
33 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
34 ;

Control file created.

SQL> alter database mount;
alter database mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01100: database already mounted

SQL> recover database ;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE;
ORA-00279: change 1917689 generated at 10/04/2013 21:15:57 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/1_102_822387818.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1917689 for thread 1 is in sequence #102

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/archive/1_102_822387818.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/archive/1_102_822387818.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

顯然這裡缺少102這個歸檔，因為他是當前日誌檔案，所以我們需要把日誌複製到歸檔目錄下，但是那個日誌是102呢，這樣就可以確定
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ tail -n 4000 alert_xuexi.log |grep Current
Current log# 4 seq# 100 mem# 0: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_8yqwxqsh_.log
Current log# 4 seq# 100 mem# 0: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_8yqwxqsh_.log
Current log# 5 seq# 101 mem# 0: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1d59_.log
Current log# 5 seq# 101 mem# 1: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1gvx_.log
Current log# 7 seq# 102 mem# 0: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m1ro_.log
Current log# 7 seq# 102 mem# 1: /oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m3gj_.log
Current log# 7 seq# 102 mem# 2: /oradata/logfile07.log
可以確認/oradata/logfile07.log就是需要的歸檔
cp /oradata/logfile07.log /archive/1_102_822387818.dbf

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile
ORA-00279: change 1917689 generated at 10/04/2013 21:15:57 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/1_102_822387818.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1917689 for thread 1 is in sequence #102

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
AUTO
完成後即可
當然也快手動輸入你確認的當前歸檔如下：
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile
ORA-00279: change 1917689 generated at 10/04/2013 21:15:57 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/1_102_822387818.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1917689 for thread 1 is in sequence #102

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/oradata/logfile07.log
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.

alter database backup controlfile to trace 全文
/opt/oracle/admin/xuexi/udump/xuexi_ora_5686.trc
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
System name:    Linux
Node name:      localhost.localdomain
Release:        2.6.18-164.el5
Version:        #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: xuexi
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 18
Unix process pid: 5686, image: (TNS V1-V3)

*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2013-10-04 21:38:20.304
*** SESSION ID:(146.91) 2013-10-04 21:38:20.304
*** 2013-10-04 21:38:20.304
-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="xuexi"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/archive'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='OPTIONAL REOPEN=300 NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOEXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='REGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script. file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
--     Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XUEXI" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/oradata/xuexi/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/oradata/xuexi/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/oradata/xuexi/redo03.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 4 '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_8yqwxqsh_.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 5 (
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1d59_.log',
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1gvx_.log'
) SIZE 50M,
GROUP 7 (
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m1ro_.log',
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m3gj_.log',
    '/oradata/logfile07.log'
) SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/oradata/xuexi/system01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/undotbs01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/sysaux01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/users01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/o1_mf_tomf_8yqwrdoj_.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/omf2.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp011.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo1.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo2.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350387.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350760.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822330757.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350003.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822349246.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350252.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822374325.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822387818.dbf';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP1 ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/xuexi/temp011.dbf'
     SIZE 19922944 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 5120M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XUEXI" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/oradata/xuexi/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/oradata/xuexi/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/oradata/xuexi/redo03.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 4 '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_8yqwxqsh_.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 5 (
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1d59_.log',
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_8yqx1gvx_.log'
) SIZE 50M,
GROUP 7 (
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m1ro_.log',
    '/oradata/XUEXI/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_8zl9m3gj_.log',
    '/oradata/logfile07.log'
) SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/oradata/xuexi/system01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/undotbs01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/sysaux01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/users01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/o1_mf_tomf_8yqwrdoj_.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/omf2.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp01.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testimp011.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo1.dbf',
'/oradata/xuexi/XUEXI/datafile/testo2.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350387.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350760.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822330757.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350003.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822349246.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822350252.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822374325.dbf';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/archive/1_1_822387818.dbf';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP1 ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/xuexi/temp011.dbf'
     SIZE 19922944 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 5120M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--

重建控制檔案，並且不乾淨的關閉資料庫測試

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