使用中undo表空間資料檔案被誤刪
使用中undo表空間資料檔案被誤刪
手動刪除undo資料檔案
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 3
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> select * from v$recover_file;
no rows selected
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- ---------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE
9 rows selected.
SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 offline;
alter tablespace undotbs1 offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-30042: Cannot offline the undo tablespace
SQL> alter database datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' offline;
alter database datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
Process ID: 12942
Session ID: 142 Serial number: 3545
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- ---------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 RECOVER AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE
9 rows selected.
SQL> recover tablespace undotbs1
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
--如果是在歸檔模式下且有備份的情況下，可以直接恢復
[oracle@baktest130 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 9 10:11:06 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: test (DBID=1119577586)
RMAN> restore datafile 3;
Starting restore at 09-APR-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=97 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/test/backupset/2015_04_08/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150408T085803_bl8z8y35_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/test/backupset/2015_04_08/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150408T085803_bl8z8y35_.bkp tag=TAG20150408T085803
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 09-APR-15
RMAN> recover datafile 3;
Starting recover at 09-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 624 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_624_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 625 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_625_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 626 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_626_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 627 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_627_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 628 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_628_874620667.dbf
……
SQL> create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf' size 200m;
Tablespace created.
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL> alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2 scope=both;
System altered.
以下預設undo為undotbs2，資料檔案被刪，不使用備份進行恢復。
SQL> create user testb identified by admin;
User created.
SQL> grant resource,connect to testb;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn testb/admin
Connected.
SQL> create table testa as select * from user_tables;
create table testa as select * from user_tables
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 12
ORA-01110: data file 12: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status,file_id from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS FILE_ID
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- --------- ----------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE 6
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE 5
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE 4
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE 2
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE 1
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE 7
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE 8
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE 9
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf UNDOTBS2 ONLINE AVAILABLE 12
9 rows selected.
SQL>
例項異常終止，重新啟動至open報錯，undotbs201 offline ，啟動成功，建立undo tablespace，修改為預設undo，發現監聽狀態為blocked，（由於
undo表空間問題造成），select 'drop rollback segment "' ||segment_name||'";' from dba_rollback_segs where status='NEEDS RECOVERY';
執行以上語句發現，undotbs2狀態為待恢復，且無法刪除，此時不能正確關閉資料庫，後臺報錯：
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/test/test/trace/test_smon_23892.trc:
ORA-00376: file 12 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 12: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf'
shutdown abort，修改pfile引數
*._corrupted_rollback_segments='_SYSSMU13_2269396976$','_SYSSMU14_427832164$','_SYSSMU15_3155338273$','_SYSSMU16_2936606490$','_SYSSMU17_2916212335$','_SYSSMU18_191330693$','_SYSSMU19_1411620066$','_SYSSMU20_2336133751$','_SYSSMU21_1433408334$','_SYSSMU22_1099825627$','_SYSSMU23_185312833$','_SYSSMU24_2343462089$','_SYSSMU25_3212480019$','_SYSSMU26_2628563624$','_SYSSMU27_2421900095$','_SYSSMU28_3847241034$','_SYSSMU29_942119998$','_SYSSMU30_2702508425$','_SYSSMU31_630318853$','_SYSSMU32_1159568200$','_SYSSMU33_2298077081$','_SYSSMU34_2257342359$','_SYSSMU35_1009860968$','_SYSSMU36_3316773606$','_SYSSMU37_2543920069$','_SYSSMU38_1036890479$','_SYSSMU39_57076833$','_SYSSMU40_1713535305$','_SYSSMU41_3921597185$','_SYSSMU42_3411442471$','_SYSSMU43_1214653536$','_SYSSMU44_3475415644$','_SYSSMU45_814708173$','_SYSSMU46_645852387$','_SYSSMU47_2711911226$','_SYSSMU48_2766610628$','_SYSSMU49_3930608170$','_SYSSMU50_3868174805$','_SYSSMU51_1713807414$','_SYSSMU52_2879300132$','_SYSSMU53_1690435334$'
然後從新啟動。
然後drop rollback segment '_SYSSMU13_2269396976$';或此時直接drop tablespace undotbs2 including contents and datafiles;
處理完成後，建議全庫備份資料，或建立例項，將資料全部遷入新例項中。
undo丟失在碰到checkpoint時，會造成例項終止
當我們用隱含引數_offline_rollback_segments、_corrupted_rollback_segments處理回滾段某些問題的時候，undo_management=manual為好。
手動刪除undo資料檔案
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 3
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> select * from v$recover_file;
no rows selected
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- ---------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE
9 rows selected.
SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 offline;
alter tablespace undotbs1 offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-30042: Cannot offline the undo tablespace
SQL> alter database datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' offline;
alter database datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
Process ID: 12942
Session ID: 142 Serial number: 3545
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- ---------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 RECOVER AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE
9 rows selected.
SQL> recover tablespace undotbs1
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 3: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf'
--如果是在歸檔模式下且有備份的情況下，可以直接恢復
[oracle@baktest130 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 9 10:11:06 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: test (DBID=1119577586)
RMAN> restore datafile 3;
Starting restore at 09-APR-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=97 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/test/backupset/2015_04_08/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150408T085803_bl8z8y35_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/test/backupset/2015_04_08/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150408T085803_bl8z8y35_.bkp tag=TAG20150408T085803
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 09-APR-15
RMAN> recover datafile 3;
Starting recover at 09-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 624 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_624_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 625 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_625_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 626 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_626_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 627 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_627_874620667.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 628 is already on disk as file /data/oracle/arch/test/1_628_874620667.dbf
……
SQL> create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf' size 200m;
Tablespace created.
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL> alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2 scope=both;
System altered.
以下預設undo為undotbs2，資料檔案被刪，不使用備份進行恢復。
SQL> create user testb identified by admin;
User created.
SQL> grant resource,connect to testb;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn testb/admin
Connected.
SQL> create table testa as select * from user_tables;
create table testa as select * from user_tables
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 12
ORA-01110: data file 12: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,online_status,status,file_id from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME ONLINE_ STATUS FILE_ID
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------- --------- ----------
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_index01.dbf TBS_INDEX ONLINE AVAILABLE 6
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_pay01.dbf TBS_test ONLINE AVAILABLE 5
/data/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf USERS ONLINE AVAILABLE 4
/data/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX ONLINE AVAILABLE 2
/data/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SYSTEM SYSTEM AVAILABLE 1
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test01.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE 7
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_test02.dbf TBS_TEST ONLINE AVAILABLE 8
/data/oracle/oradata/test/tbs_testa01.dbf TESTA ONLINE AVAILABLE 9
/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf UNDOTBS2 ONLINE AVAILABLE 12
9 rows selected.
SQL>
例項異常終止，重新啟動至open報錯，undotbs201 offline ，啟動成功，建立undo tablespace，修改為預設undo，發現監聽狀態為blocked，（由於
undo表空間問題造成），select 'drop rollback segment "' ||segment_name||'";' from dba_rollback_segs where status='NEEDS RECOVERY';
執行以上語句發現，undotbs2狀態為待恢復，且無法刪除，此時不能正確關閉資料庫，後臺報錯：
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/test/test/trace/test_smon_23892.trc:
ORA-00376: file 12 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 12: '/data/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs201.dbf'
shutdown abort，修改pfile引數
*._corrupted_rollback_segments='_SYSSMU13_2269396976$','_SYSSMU14_427832164$','_SYSSMU15_3155338273$','_SYSSMU16_2936606490$','_SYSSMU17_2916212335$','_SYSSMU18_191330693$','_SYSSMU19_1411620066$','_SYSSMU20_2336133751$','_SYSSMU21_1433408334$','_SYSSMU22_1099825627$','_SYSSMU23_185312833$','_SYSSMU24_2343462089$','_SYSSMU25_3212480019$','_SYSSMU26_2628563624$','_SYSSMU27_2421900095$','_SYSSMU28_3847241034$','_SYSSMU29_942119998$','_SYSSMU30_2702508425$','_SYSSMU31_630318853$','_SYSSMU32_1159568200$','_SYSSMU33_2298077081$','_SYSSMU34_2257342359$','_SYSSMU35_1009860968$','_SYSSMU36_3316773606$','_SYSSMU37_2543920069$','_SYSSMU38_1036890479$','_SYSSMU39_57076833$','_SYSSMU40_1713535305$','_SYSSMU41_3921597185$','_SYSSMU42_3411442471$','_SYSSMU43_1214653536$','_SYSSMU44_3475415644$','_SYSSMU45_814708173$','_SYSSMU46_645852387$','_SYSSMU47_2711911226$','_SYSSMU48_2766610628$','_SYSSMU49_3930608170$','_SYSSMU50_3868174805$','_SYSSMU51_1713807414$','_SYSSMU52_2879300132$','_SYSSMU53_1690435334$'
然後從新啟動。
然後drop rollback segment '_SYSSMU13_2269396976$';或此時直接drop tablespace undotbs2 including contents and datafiles;
處理完成後，建議全庫備份資料，或建立例項，將資料全部遷入新例項中。
undo丟失在碰到checkpoint時，會造成例項終止
當我們用隱含引數_offline_rollback_segments、_corrupted_rollback_segments處理回滾段某些問題的時候，undo_management=manual為好。
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/28258625/viewspace-1725750/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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