oracle的異機不完全恢復-路徑不一致恢復：
1.恢復要點：異機恢復的作業系統，資料庫版本一致，精確到小版本。
2.恢復要點：恢復控制檔案用RMAN>restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/orcl_recover_0922/ncsnf0_tag20160907t110022_0.615.921927741';
3.恢復要點：將備份集重新註冊到控制檔案。
4.恢復要點：修改資料檔案和日誌檔案路徑可用下面語句：
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system.dbf';
alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.262.910013385' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group1B.log';

5.特別注意恢復時候的版本。我上次做異機恢復實驗.原機是centos6.5+oracle11.2.0.3.0,目標機是：redhat6.5+oracle11.2.0.4.0, 結果恢復出來，
在alter database open resetlogs，這最後一步，出現了很多意外的問題，跟目標機的環境有很大的關係。

6.以下是恢復過程，中間有不必要的程式碼會省略。
【1】把要恢復的備份片，複製到目標機。
ncsnf0_tag20160907t110022_0.615.921927741 包括引數檔案，控制檔案
nnndf0_tag20160907t110022_0.294.921927625 包括資料檔案

thread_1_seq_1123.339.921956079
thread_1_seq_1124.338.921967313
那怎麼確定，我需要複製哪些歸檔日誌呢？這要看需求恢復到哪個時間？提供如下兩個函式

select * from nls_session_parameters;
select timestamp_to_scn('21-Sep-16 10.00.00') from dual;
select scn_to_timestamp(17982985) from dual;

【2】恢復引數檔案
[oracle@oracleIns ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@oracleIns ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> set dbid=1437794116
executing command: SET DBID
RMAN>startup nomount
這裡注意的是，rman命令使用了預設的隱含引數。
RMAN>restore spfile from '/home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2015_06_06/o1_mf_s_881702383_bq5x0wq0_.bkp';
RMAN>shutdown immediate
SQL>create pfile='/path/orcl.ora' from spfile;
修改pfile配置檔案，這裡修改控制檔案路徑，sga,memory_target等引數，讓它適應目標機。
SQL>create spfile from pfile='/path/orcl.ora';
RMAN>startup nomount

這樣就恢復了引數檔案。

【3】恢復控制檔案
RMAN>restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/orcl_recover_0922/ncsnf0_tag20160907t110022_0.615.921927741';
RMAN>alter database mount;

【4】修改重做日誌檔案路徑：
SQL> alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.263.910013389' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group1.log';
SQL>alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.262.910013385' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group1B.log';
SQL> alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.265.910013397' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group2.log';
SQL> alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.264.910013393' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group2B.log';
SQL> alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.267.910013405' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group3.log';
SQL> alter database rename file '+DG_DATAFILEORCL/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.266.910013401' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/group3B.log';

【5】重新將備份片backupset,歸檔日誌註冊到控制檔案：
將備份集重新註冊到控制檔案
方法一：註冊單個備份片
　　RMAN> CATALOG BACKUPPIECE '/u01/bak/arch_0no76njh_1_1_20130416','/u01/bak/ctl_file_0oo76njm_1_1_20130416'
方法二：註冊整個目錄
　　---ASM:
　　CATALOG START WITH '+disk'; # catalog allfiles from an ASM disk group
　　--本地目錄：最後一定要加/
　　CATALOG START WITH '/fs1/datafiles/'; #catalog all files in directory
　　--有多個目錄，註冊多次：
　　RMAN> catalog start with'/data01/';
RMAN>catalog start with '/data02/';
RMAN>catalog start with '/data03/';

【6】同時清理控制檔案中不存在的備份片，歸檔日誌，為接下來資料檔案恢復做準備：
RMAN>crosscheck backupset;
RMAN>crosscheck copy;
RMAN>delete expired backupset;
RMAN>delete expired copy;

【7】資料檔案恢復，這裡注意指令碼是怎麼修改資料檔案日誌的：

RUN{
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users.dbf';
set newname for datafile 5 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/lyk.dbf';
set newname for datafile 6 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/posjk.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/bcard.dbf';
set newname for datafile 8 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/channel.dbf';
set newname for datafile 9 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/cp.dbf';
set newname for datafile 10 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/njcs.dbf';
set newname for datafile 11 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/njsmk.dbf';
set newname for datafile 12 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/posjk1.dbf';
set newname for datafile 13 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/posjk2.dbf';
set newname for datafile 14 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/vas.dbf';
set newname for datafile 15 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/fin.dbf';
set newname for datafile 16 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/njcs1.dbf';
set newname for datafile 17 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/posjk3.dbf';
set newname for datafile 18 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/njcc.dbf';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
recover database;
}
這個步驟花時間是最多的。
在執行recover database;時候會報錯：
RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence *** and starting SCN of ********* found to restore
因為找不到更多的歸檔日誌了嘛。其實這正是我們要的目標，恢復到某個時間點：
接著再來不完全恢復：
recover database until time "to_date('2015-04-20 08:13:50','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
recover database until sequence 123 thread 1;
recover database until scn 888;

【8】開啟資料庫。這個步驟會出現很多錯誤，如果你異機恢復的作業系統，資料庫版本不一致。
alter database open resetlogs;

我的oracle的異機不完全恢復-路徑不一致恢復筆記，轉載請註明出處

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