ORA-15055: unable to connect to ASM instanceORA-12547: TNS:lost contact(轉載)

lovehewenyu發表於2013-08-27
ASM
rac 安裝完成，關閉之後重啟資料庫遇到如下錯誤：
oracle@rac1:/tmp>sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Sep 2 13:17:14 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA1/rac/spfilerac.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA1/rac/spfilerac.ora
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

檢查alert日誌檔案，有如下記錄：
TNS-12547: TNS:lost contact
    ns secondary err code: 12560
    nt main err code: 517    
TNS-00517: Lost contact
    nt secondary err code: 32
    nt OS err code: 0
ERROR: Failed to connect with connect string: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)(PROGRAM=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/bin/oracle)(ARGV0=oracle+ASM1_asmb_rac1)(ENVS='ORACLE_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid,ORACLE_SID=+ASM1')(ARGS='(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))'))(enable=setuser))
Errors in file /opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/trace/rac1_asmb_21386.trc:
ORA-15055: unable to connect to ASM instance
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact
Fatal NI connect error 12547, connecting to:
 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)(PROGRAM=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/bin/oracle)(ARGV0=oracle+ASM1_asmb_rac1)(ENVS='ORACLE_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid,ORACLE_SID=+ASM1')(ARGS='(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))'))(enable=setuser)(CONNECT_DATA=(CID=(PROGRAM=oracle@rac1)(HOST=rac1)(USER=oracle))))
  VERSION INFORMATION:
        TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
        Oracle Bequeath NT Protocol Adapter for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
  Time: 02-SEP-2011 13:31:15
  Tracing not turned on.
  Tns error struct:
    ns main err code: 12547
TNS-12547: TNS:lost contact
    ns secondary err code: 12560
    nt main err code: 517
    
TNS-00517: Lost contact
    nt secondary err code: 32
    nt OS err code: 0
ERROR:Failed to connect with connect string: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)(PROGRAM=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/bin/oracle)(ARGV0=oracle+ASM1_asmb_rac1)(ENVS='ORACLE_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid,ORACLE_SID=+ASM1')(ARGS='(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))'))(enable=setuser))
Fri Sep 02 13:31:18 2011
Starting background process ASMB
Fri Sep 02 13:31:18 2011
ASMB started with pid=26, OS id=21450 
此時檢查asm 例項，asm磁碟組是online的：
grid@rac1:/home/grid>crsctl stat res -t
NAME                TARGET STATE    SERVER       STATE_DETAILS    Local Resources  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA1.dg       ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                    ========>DG are online
ora.DATA2.dg       ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                  
ora.LISTENER.lsnr  ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                   
ora.asm            ONLINE ONLINE    rac1          Started       
ora.ons            OFFLINE OFFLINE  rac1                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME              TARGET STATE    SERVER       STATE_DETAILS Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd1         ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                   
ora.diskmon1      ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                   
ora.evmd1         ONLINE ONLINE    rac1                   
ora.jrdwyf.db1    OFFLINE OFFLINE                Instance Shutdown

做如下檢查：問題出現在ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle,GI_HOME/bin/oracle 檔案的許可權設定上：
grid@rac1:/opt/11.2.0/grid/bin>ls -al oracle
-rwxr-x--x 1 grid oinstall 200678464 Feb 28 14:54 racle =============>incorrect
oracle@rac1:/opt/oracle/11.2.0/jrdwyf/bin>ls -al oracle
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle asmadmin 228886191 Feb 28 15:41 racle=============>incorrect
測試登入asm例項！
grid@rac1:/home/grid>sqlplus "/ as sysasm"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri Mar 11 13:45:35 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Automatic Storage Management option
SQL> 

正確的應該是：
$ls -l $GI_HOME/bin/oracle:
Correct permission should be:
-rwsr-s--x1 grid oinstall 152400480   Sep   2 15:49 oracle
$ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle:
Correct permission should be:
-r-sr-sr-x 1 oracle asmadmin 173389085 Sep  2 15:51 oracle
因此在每個節點上修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle，$GI_HOME/bin/oracle許可權即可：

#cd /opt/11.2.0/grid/bin
#chmod 6751 oracle
#ls -l oracle
Correct permission should be:
-rwsr-s--x1 grid oinstall 152400480 09-02 16:12 oracle

#cd /opt/oracle/11.2.0/db/bin
#chmod 6555 oracle
#ls -l oracle
Correct permission should be:
-r-sr-sr-x1 oracle asmadmin 173389085 09-02 16:16 oracle
修改之後，可以startup DB;
附上官方的解釋：
   The issue is caused by incorrect permissions of GI_HOME/bin/oracle and ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle, which lead to connections failed from an RDBMS instance (RDBMS) to the ASM instance.
   For this customer, the ASM instance works fine and the DG have been mounted, the permissions of GI_HOME/bin/oracle and ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle are incorrect.
   If the permissions are incorrect, this will lead to connections failed from an RDBMS instance (RDBMS) to the ASM instance.$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle is the main Oracle RDBMS kernel binary, and implements the functions of all background daemons: PMON, SMON, DBWR, LGWR, CKPT, etc.
   Connection functionality implies attach to SGA shared memory, which needs to be initialized at instance startup; this happens with routines inside bin/oracle and (at a very high level) user privileges of who starts up the instance need to match with user privileges of who wants to connect to the instance.
   Database open implies opening files; this also happens in code inside bin/oracle. Again, privileges of who starts up the instance and attempts to open the database need to match the privileges of files where the data actually resides.ASM is implemented as an Oracle instance - starting out of the bin/oracle in GI_HOME; so you'll also have connections from an ORACLE_HOME instance (RDBMS) and a GI_HOME instance (ASM) for I/O path translations.

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