python寫的系統常用命令,linux和windows通用,用的時候直接from util import *匯入即可使用,很方便,本來是一個指令碼,但是博文有字數限制,只能分成兩部分發了,第二部分連線:http://wangwei007.blog.51cto.com/68019/960000 。
- #!/usr/bin/python
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- # 通用功能類封裝
- import os,time,sys,string,urllib,httplib,shutil,platform,tarfile
- from commands import getstatusoutput as getso
- from ConfigParser import *
- def wr_log(str_cmd, status=0, result=""):
- cur_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
- if status == 0:
- fp = open("../log/log.txt",`a+`)
- fp.write("[%s] %s done! " % (cur_time, str_cmd))
- fp.close()
- else:
- fp = open("../log/err_log.txt",`a+`)
- fp.write("[%s] %s failed! %s " % (cur_time, str_cmd, result))
- fp.close()
- sys.exit(-1)
- def wget(url, new_name=""):
- `````
- wget封裝,需提供下載地址,新檔名引數可省略。
- 例子:
- wget("http://208.asktao.com/test.txt", "/tmp/test.txt")
- ```
- try:
- file_name = url[url.rfind("/")+1:]
- if new_name == "":
- new_name = file_name
- fp = urllib.urlopen(url)
- py_ver = sys.version[:3]
- if py_ver == "2.4":
- domain = url.split("/")[2]
- get_file = "/" + "/".join(url.split("/")[3:])
- conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(domain)
- conn.request(`GET`, get_file)
- fp_code = conn.getresponse().status
- else:
- fp_code = fp.getcode()
- if fp_code != 200:
- raise NameError, `%s not exist.`%file_name
- buf_len = 2048
- f = open(new_name, `wb`)
- size = 0
- while 1:
- s = fp.read(buf_len)
- if not s:
- break
- f.write(s)
- size += len(s)
- fp.close()
- f.close()
- wr_log("wget %s"%url)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("wget %s"%url, 1, e)
- def sed(type, file_name, s_str="", d_str=""):
- `````
- sed封裝,根據傳入的type引數執行相應操作,type可以為以下幾種:
- a 在s_str行後面追加d_str,若s_str為空,則預設在檔案尾部追加;
- i 在s_str行前面插入d_str,若s_str為空,則預設在檔案頭部插入;
- d 刪除s_str所在行;
- s 將s_str替換為d_str。
- type及file_name為必需的引數。
- 例子:
- 替換字串:sed("s", "/etc/test.txt", "abc", "123")
- ```
- try:
- fp = open(file_name)
- cont = fp.read()
- fp.close()
- content = cont.split(" ")
- content2 = cont.split(" ")
- cnt = 0
- idx = 0
- if type == "a":
- str_cmd = "sed -i `/%s/a %s` %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- if not s_str:
- content.append(d_str)
- else:
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- x = idx + 1 + cnt
- content.insert(x, d_str)
- cnt += 1
- idx += 1
- elif type == "i":
- str_cmd = "sed -i `/%s/i %s` %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- if not s_str:
- content.insert(0, d_str)
- else:
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- x = idx + cnt
- content.insert(x, d_str)
- cnt += 1
- idx += 1
- elif type == "d":
- str_cmd = "sed -i `/%s/d` %s" % (s_str, file_name)
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- idx = content.remove(i)
- elif type == "s":
- str_cmd = "sed -i `s/%s/%s/g` %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- cont = string.replace(cont, s_str, d_str)
- content = cont.split(" ")
- fp = open(file_name, "w")
- fp.write(" ".join(content))
- fp.close()
- wr_log(str_cmd)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("modify %s" % file_name, 1, e)
- def md(dir_name):
- `````
- mkdir封裝,建立傳入的目錄名稱。
- ```
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
- os.makedirs(dir_name)
- wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name)
- else:
- wr_log("%s is exist."%dir_name)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name, 1, e)
- def mv(src, dst):
- `````
- mv封裝,移動檔案或修改檔名。
- ```
- try:
- try:
- os.rename(src, dst)
- except OSError:
- if os.path.dirname(src) == dst or os.path.dirname(src) == os.path.dirname(dst):
- raise Exception, "Cannot move self."
- if os.path.isdir(src):
- if os.path.abspath(dst).startswith(os.path.abspath(src)):
- raise Exception, "Cannot move a directory to itself."
- _copy(src, dst)
- shutil.rmtree(src)
- else:
- shutil.copy2(src,dst)
- os.unlink(src)
- wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst))
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
- def cp(src, dst):
- `````
- cp封裝,複製檔案或目錄。
- ```
- try:
- _copy(src, dst)
- wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst))
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
- def _copy(src, dst):
- `````
- copy封裝,供cp呼叫。
- ```
- if os.path.isdir(src):
- base = os.path.basename(src)
- if os.path.exists(dst):
- dst = os.path.join(dst, base)
- if not os.path.exists(dst):
- os.makedirs(dst)
- names = os.listdir(src)
- for name in names:
- srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
- _copy(srcname, dst)
- else:
- shutil.copy2(src, dst)
- def touch(src):
- `````
- linux適用
- touch封裝,新建空白檔案。
- ```
- str_cmd = "/bin/touch %s" % src
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def rm(src):
- `````
- rm封裝,刪除檔案或目錄,非互動式操作,請謹慎操作。
- ```
- try:
- if os.path.exists(src):
- if os.path.isfile(src):
- os.remove(src)
- elif os.path.isdir(src):
- shutil.rmtree(src)
- wr_log("rm %s" % src)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("rm %s" % src, 1, e)
- def chmod(num, file_name):
- `````
- linux適用
- chmod封裝,修改檔案許可權。
- 需要傳入一個八進位制數以及檔名。
- 例子:
- chmod(644, "/tmp/test.txt")
- ```
- str_cmd = "/bin/chmod %s %s" % (num, file_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def chown(user, file_name, arg=""):
- `````
- linux適用
- chown封裝,修改檔案屬主屬組。
- 例子:
- chown("nobody.nobody", "/tmp", "r")
- ```
- if arg == "r":
- str_cmd = "/bin/chown -R %s %s" % (user, file_name)
- else:
- str_cmd = "/bin/chown %s %s" % (user, file_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def rar(dst,src):
- `````
- windows適用
- winrar 壓縮檔案 如: rar(c:dat.rar c:dat)
- ```
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(src) or not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(dst)):
- raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, os.path.dirname(dst))
- os.system(r`C:Progra~1WinRAR ar a %s %s` % (dst,src))
- wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst))
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst), 1, e)
- def unrar(src,dst):
- `````
- windows適用
- unrar 解壓縮rar檔案 到目標路徑 如:unrar(c:dat.rar c:)
- ```
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(dst) or not os.path.exists(src):
- raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, dst)
- os.system(r`C:Progra~1WinRAR ar x %s %s` % (src, dst))
- wr_log("unrar %s" % src)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("unrar %s" % src, 1, e)
- def tar(dst, src):
- `````
- linux適用
- tar封裝,壓縮檔案。
- 例子:
- tar("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp/test.txt")
- ```
- str_cmd = "/bin/tar zcf %s %s" % (dst, src)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def untgz(tgz_file, dst="./"):
- `````
- tar封裝,解壓縮檔案。
- 例子:
- untgz("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp")
- ```
- try:
- tarobj = tarfile.open(tgz_file)
- names = tarobj.getnames()
- for name in names:
- tarobj.extract(name,path=dst)
- tarobj.close()
- wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file, 1, e)
- def kill(arg):
- `````
- linux中,查詢程式並殺死返回的pid。
- windows中,查詢程式或埠並殺死返回的pid。
- ```
- pid = get_pid(arg)
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- if pid:
- str_cmd = "/bin/kill -9 %s" % pid
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- if pid:
- try:
- import ctypes
- for i in pid:
- handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(1, False, i)
- ctypes.windll.kernel32.TerminateProcess(handle,0)
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg, 1, e)
- def get_pid(arg):
- `````
- linux中,查詢程式並返回pid。
- windows中,查詢程式或埠返回pid。
- ```
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/bin/ps auxww | grep `%s` | grep -v grep | awk `{print $2}`" % arg
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- return result
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- if type(arg) == int:
- str_cmd = "netstat -ano|find "%s""%arg
- try:
- result = os.popen(str_cmd,"r").read()
- result = result.split(" ")[0].strip()
- if result.find("WAIT") != -1:
- return 0
- pid = int(result[result.rfind(" "):].strip())
- return [pid]
- except Exception, e:
- return 0
- else:
- import win32con,win32api,win32process
- pids = []
- for pid in win32process.EnumProcesses():
- try:
- hProcess = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid)
- hProcessFirstModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(hProcess)[0]
- processName = os.path.splitext(os.path.split(win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, hProcessFirstModule))[1])[0]
- if processName == arg:
- pids.append(pid)
- except Exception, e:
- pass
- return pids
- def grpadd(grp_name):
- `````
- linux適用
- groupadd封裝,增加組。
- ```
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/groupadd %s" % grp_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def useradd(user_name, arg=""):
- `````
- useradd封裝,新增新使用者;
- linux和windows系統分別使用不同方法;
- 在linux中,arg填寫新使用者的gid;
- windows中,arg填寫新使用者的密碼。
- ```
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- if status == 0:
- return
- if not arg:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd %s" % user_name
- else:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd -g %s %s" % (arg, user_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- try:
- import win32netcon,win32net,wmi
- for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
- if use.name == user_name:
- raise Exception, "user %s is already exists" % user_name
- udata = {}
- udata["name"] = user_name
- udata["password"] = arg
- udata["flags"] = win32netcon.UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT | win32netcon.UF_SCRIPT
- udata["priv"] = win32netcon.USER_PRIV_USER
- win32net.NetUserAdd(None, 1, udata)
- wr_log("add user %s" % user_name)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("add user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
- def userdel(user_name):
- `````
- userdel封裝,刪除使用者。
- ```
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- if status == 0:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/userdel -r %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- try:
- import win32net,wmi
- for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
- if use.name == user_name:
- win32net.NetUserDel(None,user_name)
- wr_log("del user %s" % user_name)
- return
- wr_log("user %s not exists" % user_name)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("del user %s" % user_name, 1, e)