同事總結的 : 用RMAN建立Physical Standby Database
在7*24的應用環境中建立Physical Standby Database,既可以使用將表空間置於熱備狀態進行檔案複製方式建立,也可以使用RMAN備份進行建立,使用後者可以有效避免前者過程中生成過量Redo的問題,並且更簡單方便。
利用RMAN建立Physical Standby Database的基本步驟如下:
1:在Primary Database上使用RMAN建立資料檔案和歸檔日誌的備份集及Standby Control File
2:準備Standby Database,包括相關網路配置檔案/初始化引數檔案/密碼檔案/相關資料夾
3:複製之前建立的備份集到Standby Database Server上
4:將Standby Database置於Nomount狀態
5:使用RMAN建立Standby Database(DORECOVER),最後RMAN會將Standby Database置於Mount Standby Database狀態
示例環境如下:
| Hostname | IP | OS/Oralce |
Primary | fb-rmadb | 10.186.1.212 | RHEL3U6/Oracle9.2.0.7 |
Standby | fbrmadbbak | 10.186.1.216 | RHEL3U6/Oracle9.2.0.7 |
Notes:
1:如無特別提示,RMAN都在Primary Database Server上執行。
2:必須確保Standby Database Server上監聽要開啟,例項處於Nomount狀態
3:RMAN備份集必須在Standby Database Server上對RMAN可見
4: Standby Database Server上必須存在密碼檔案,因為會從Primary Database Server上使用RMAN連線到Standby Database。
5:Standby Database Server上相關的檔案目錄必須存在(初始化引數檔案中使用到的目錄必須存在)
6:Standby Database Server上Oracle軟體安裝過程及profile設定過程省略。
7:兩個Server上Oracle相關目錄結構一樣
具體建立過程:
1: 在Primary Database Server建立備份集及Standby控制檔案
建議設定通道屬性,使得最大備份片大小為2G,並預設儲存到/data/backup目錄下
fb-rmadb$rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.7.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RMA (DBID=1337371029)
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 2048 M FORMAT '/data/backup/%U';
using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 2048 M FORMAT '/data/backup/%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 2048 M FORMAT '/data/backup/%U';
RMAN configuration has no stored or default parameters
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/product/oracle/dbs/snapcf_rma.f'; # default
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE
2> INCLUDE CURRENT CONTROLFILE FOR STANDBY
3> PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
Starting backup at 29-NOV-07
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=78 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=1 recid=1 stamp=639921994
input archive log thread=1 sequence=2 recid=2 stamp=639922002
input archive log thread=1 sequence=3 recid=3 stamp=639922003
input archive log thread=1 sequence=4 recid=4 stamp=639925442
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/05j28v63_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 29-NOV-07
Starting backup at 29-NOV-07
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including standby controlfile in backupset
input datafile fno=00002 name=/data/rma/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/xdb01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/cwmlite01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/indx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/drsys01.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/product/oradata/rma/tools01.dbf
input datafile fno=00036 name=/data/rma/sn_idx03.dbf
input datafile fno=00037 name=/data/rma/sn_idx04.dbf
input datafile fno=00038 name=/data/rma/sn_idx05.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/data/rma/base_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00010 name=/data/rma/ict_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00011 name=/data/rma/log_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00012 name=/data/rma/rec_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00013 name=/data/rma/sn_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00014 name=/data/rma/track_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00015 name=/data/rma/wip_data01.dbf
input datafile fno=00016 name=/data/rma/wip_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00017 name=/data/rma/track_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00018 name=/data/rma/sn_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00019 name=/data/rma/rec_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00020 name=/data/rma/log_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00021 name=/data/rma/ict_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00022 name=/data/rma/base_idx01.dbf
input datafile fno=00023 name=/data/rma/base_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00024 name=/data/rma/ict_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00025 name=/data/rma/log_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00026 name=/data/rma/rec_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00027 name=/data/rma/sn_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00028 name=/data/rma/track_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00029 name=/data/rma/wip_data02.dbf
input datafile fno=00030 name=/data/rma/wip_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00031 name=/data/rma/track_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00032 name=/data/rma/sn_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00033 name=/data/rma/log_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00034 name=/data/rma/ict_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00035 name=/data/rma/base_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00039 name=/data/rma/sn_idx06.dbf
input datafile fno=00040 name=/data/rma/sn_data03.dbf
input datafile fno=00041 name=/data/rma/undotbs02.dbf
input datafile fno=00042 name=/data/rma/ict_data03.dbf
input datafile fno=00043 name=/data/rma/sn_data04.dbf
input datafile fno=00044 name=/data/rma/sn_data05.dbf
input datafile fno=00045 name=/data/rma/sn_idx07.dbf
input datafile fno=00046 name=/data/rma/sn_data06.dbf
input datafile fno=00047 name=/data/rma/sn_idx08.dbf
input datafile fno=00048 name=/data/rma/sn_data07.dbf
input datafile fno=00049 name=/data/rma/sn_idx09.dbf
input datafile fno=00050 name=/data/rma/undotbs03.dbf
input datafile fno=00051 name=/data/rma/sn_data08.dbf
input datafile fno=00052 name=/data/rma/undotbs04.dbf
input datafile fno=00053 name=/data/rma/sn_data09.dbf
input datafile fno=00054 name=/data/rma/sn_idx10.dbf
input datafile fno=00055 name=/data/rma/wip_idx03.dbf
input datafile fno=00056 name=/data/rma/wip_idx04.dbf
input datafile fno=00057 name=/data/rma/sn_data10.dbf
input datafile fno=00058 name=/data/rma/sn_idx11.dbf
input datafile fno=00059 name=/data/rma/sn_idx12.dbf
input datafile fno=00060 name=/data/rma/sn_idx13.dbf
input datafile fno=00061 name=/data/rma/sn_data11.dbf
input datafile fno=00062 name=/data/rma/rec_idx02.dbf
input datafile fno=00063 name=/data/rma/sn_idx14.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 2 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 2 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_2_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 3 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 3 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_3_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 4 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 4 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_4_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 5 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 5 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_5_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 6 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 6 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_6_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 7 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 7 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_7_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 8 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 8 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_8_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 9 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 9 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_9_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 10 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 10 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_10_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 11 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 11 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_11_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 12 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 12 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_12_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 13 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 13 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_13_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 14 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 14 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_14_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 15 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 15 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_15_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 16 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 16 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_16_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 17 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 17 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_17_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 18 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 18 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_18_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 19 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 19 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_19_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 20 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 20 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_20_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 21 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 21 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_21_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 22 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 22 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_22_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 23 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 23 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_23_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 24 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 24 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_24_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 25 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 25 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_25_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 26 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 26 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_26_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 27 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 27 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_27_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 28 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 28 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_28_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 29 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 29 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_29_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 30 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 30 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_30_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 31 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 31 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_31_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 32 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 32 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_32_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 33 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 33 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_33_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 34 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 34 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_34_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 35 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 35 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_35_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 36 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 36 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_36_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 37 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 37 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/06j28v65_37_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:41:19
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00064 name=/data/rma/sn_data12.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/07j291jk_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00066 name=/data/rma/sn_idx15.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/08j291l1_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00067 name=/data/rma/sn_data13.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/09j291m4_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00068 name=/data/rma/sn_idx16.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0aj291mt_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00069 name=/data/rma/wip_idx06.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0bj291o0_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00070 name=/data/rma/wip_data03.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0cj291op_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00071 name=/data/rma/sn_idx17.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0dj291pi_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00065 name=/data/rma/wip_idx05.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0ej291qb_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 29-NOV-07
Starting backup at 29-NOV-07
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=5 recid=5 stamp=639928165
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/data/backup/0fj291r5_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 29-NOV-07
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 29-NOV-07
piece handle=/u01/product/oracle/dbs/c-1337371029-20071129-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 29-NOV-07
RMAN> exit
2: 準備Standby Database
包括相關網路配置檔案/初始化引數檔案/密碼檔案/相關資料夾
監聽配置檔案
fbrmadbbak$cat listener.ora
# LISTENER.ORA Network Configuration File: /u01/product/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
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