mysqlcheck使用介紹 檢查、修復、優化、分析表

神諭丶發表於2015-10-22
MySql優化
以下內容主要適用於mysql 5.6，5.5的版本可能有部分選項不可用。


通常使用該工具一般語法為：
  1. shell> mysqlcheck [options] db_name [tbl_name ...]
  2. shell> mysqlcheck [options] --databases db_name ...
  3. shell> mysqlcheck [options] --all-databases

比如對mysql庫進行mysqlcheck操作：
  1. [op@sAno1y ~]$ mysqlcheck mysql -uroot -p
  2. Enter password:
  3. mysql.columns_priv OK
  4. mysql.db OK
  5. mysql.event OK
  6. mysql.func OK
  7. mysql.general_log OK
  8. mysql.help_category OK
  9. mysql.help_keyword OK
  10. mysql.help_relation OK
  11. mysql.help_topic OK
  12. mysql.innodb_index_stats OK
  13. mysql.innodb_table_stats OK
  14. mysql.ndb_binlog_index OK
  15. mysql.plugin OK
  16. mysql.proc OK
  17. mysql.procs_priv OK
  18. mysql.proxies_priv OK
  19. mysql.servers OK
  20. mysql.slave_master_info OK
  21. mysql.slave_relay_log_info OK
  22. mysql.slave_worker_info OK
  23. mysql.slow_log OK
  24. mysql.tables_priv OK
  25. mysql.time_zone OK
  26. mysql.time_zone_leap_second OK
  27. mysql.time_zone_name OK
  28. mysql.time_zone_transition OK
  29. mysql.time_zone_transition_type OK
  30. mysql.user OK

實際上該工具是為了方便使用者使用，而使用了CHECK TABLE、REPAIR TABLE、ANALYZE TABLE、OPTIMIZE TABLE語句。

--analyze選項：實際上是執行了ANALYZE TABLE（支援InnoDB，MyISAM，NDB）
--check選項：實際上是執行了CHECK TABLE（支援InnoDB，MyISAM，ARCHIVE，CSV）
--optimize選項：實際上執行了OPTIMIZE TABLE（支援InnoDB，MyISAM，ARCHIVE）
--repair選項：實際上執行REPAIR TABLE（支援MyISAM，ARCHIVE，CSV）

一般情況不需要加這些選項，除非需要修復

其他修改選項：
--repair --quick 嘗試快速修復
--repair 正常修復（除非快速修復失敗）
--repair --force 強行修復


當然，在mysqlcheck時，每張表會被加上READ LOCK。
跑該程式時，尤其是大表，將會變得十分耗時。
且該工具必須在mysqld服務執行的情況下使用。

此外，部分儲存引擎的表是不被支援的：
我創了四張表，其儲存引擎分別為ARCHIVE、BLACKHOLE、MEMORY、MRG_MYISAM
  1. mysql> use test;
  2. Database changed
  3. mysql> show tables;
  4. +----------------+
  5. | Tables_in_test |
  6. +----------------+
  7. | archive_tb     |
  8. | blackhole_tb   |
  9. | memory_tb      |
  10. | mrg_myisam_tb  |
  11. +----------------+
  12. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

然後check了一下，發現blackhole和memory是不被支援的，因為這兩個儲存引擎只儲存.frm的表定義在磁碟上。

  1. [op@sAno1y ~]$ mysqlcheck test -uroot -p
  2. Enter password:
  3. test.archive_tb OK
  4. test.blackhole_tb
  5. note : The storage engine for the table doesn't support check
  6. test.memory_tb
  7. note : The storage engine for the table doesn't support check
  8. test.mrg_myisam_tb OK


其他選項參考：
Format Description Introduced
--all-databases Check all tables in all databases  
--all-in-1 Execute a single statement for each database that names all the tables from that database  
--analyze Analyze the tables  
--auto-repair If a checked table is corrupted, automatically fix it  
--bind-address=ip_address Use specified network interface to connect to MySQL Server  
--character-sets-dir=path Directory where character sets are installed  
--check Check the tables for errors  
--check-only-changed Check only tables that have changed since the last check  
--check-upgrade Invoke CHECK TABLE with the FOR UPGRADE option  
--compress Compress all information sent between client and server  
--databases Process all tables in the named databases  
--debug[=debug_options] Write a debugging log  
--debug-check Print debugging information when program exits  
--debug-info Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits  
--default-auth=plugin Authentication plugin to use 5.6.2
--default-character-set=charset_name Specify default character set  
--defaults-extra-file=file_name Read option file in addition to usual option files  
--defaults-file=file_name Read only named option file  
--defaults-group-suffix=str Option group suffix value  
--extended Check and repair tables  
--fast Check only tables that have not been closed properly  
--fix-db-names Convert database names to 5.1 format  
--fix-table-names Convert table names to 5.1 format  
--force Continue even if an SQL error occurs  
--help Display help message and exit  
--host=host_name Connect to MySQL server on given host  
--login-path=name Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf 5.6.6
--medium-check Do a check that is faster than an --extended operation  
--no-defaults Read no option files  
--optimize Optimize the tables  
--password[=password] Password to use when connecting to server  
--pipe On Windows, connect to server using named pipe  
--plugin-dir=path Directory where plugins are installed 5.6.2
--port=port_num TCP/IP port number to use for connection  
--print-defaults Print defaults  
--protocol=type Connection protocol to use  
--quick The fastest method of checking  
--repair Perform a repair that can fix almost anything except unique keys that are not unique  
--secure-auth Do not send passwords to the server in old (pre-4.1.1) format 5.6.17
--shared-memory-base-name=name The name of shared memory to use for shared-memory connections  
--silent Silent mode  
--skip-database=db_name Omit this database from performed operations 5.6.11
--socket=path For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use  
--ssl Enable SSL for connection  
--ssl-ca=file_name Path of file that contains list of trusted SSL CAs  
--ssl-capath=dir_name Path of directory that contains trusted SSL CA certificates in PEM format  
--ssl-cert=file_name Path of file that contains X509 certificate in PEM format  
--ssl-cipher=cipher_list List of permitted ciphers to use for SSL encryption  
--ssl-crl=file_name Path of file that contains certificate revocation lists 5.6.3
--ssl-crlpath=dir_name Path of directory that contains certificate revocation list files 5.6.3
--ssl-key=file_name Path of file that contains X509 key in PEM format  
--ssl-verify-server-cert Verify server Common Name value in its certificate against host name used when connecting to server  
--tables Overrides the --databases or -B option  
--use-frm For repair operations on MyISAM tables  
--user=user_name, MySQL user name to use when connecting to server  
--verbose Verbose mode  
--version Display version information and exit  
--write-binlog Log ANALYZE, OPTIMIZE, REPAIR statements to binary log. --skip-write-binlog adds NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG to these statements.  


作者公眾號（持續更新）

來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/29773961/viewspace-1815688/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。

相關文章