探索ORACLE之RMAN_03一致性備份

作者：吳偉龍

在之前的已經提到過備份分為一致性備份和非一致性備份，它們的區別就在於資料庫所處的備份狀態不同，並且一致性備份不能做增量備份恢復，需停業務，一致性備份可以做到增量的備份恢復，從而不影響業務的正常流轉。

建立一致性備份

建立一致性備份可以是在非歸檔模式下建立，並且資料庫必須處於mount狀態下，而且恢復的時候值能恢復到最後一次備份的狀態。也就說從備份到發生故障的這段時間都將丟失。操作步驟如下:

1.1檢查歸檔狀態：

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode No Archive Mode

Automatic archival Disabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence 8

Current log sequence 10

SQL>

1.2將資料庫啟動到mount狀態

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes

Fixed Size 1218968 bytes

Variable Size 79693416 bytes

Database Buffers 197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL>

1.3執行備份

1.3.1 備份資料庫

[oracle@wwldb ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on ÐÇÆÚÒ» 5ÔÂ 21 14:53:47 2012

connected to target database: WWL (DBID=5520179, not open)

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

input datafile fno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf

input datafile fno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile fno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile fno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_06nbhucb_1_1 tag=TAG20120521T145403 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16

Finished backup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-00 comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-5ÔÂ -12

RMAN>

1.3.2 備份USER表空間

RMAN> backup tablespace users;