引數檔案控制檔案和資料檔案丟失的恢復

控制檔案全部丟失，於是使用rman恢復控制檔案：
RMAN> restore controlfile to '/u01/app/controlfile/control01.ctl' from 
2> '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_08_25
3> //o1_mf_s_856548550_9zqqkqy0_.bkp';

Starting restore at 25-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 25-AUG-14
修改引數control_files:
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vi initorcl.ora
*.control_files='/u01/app/controlfile/control01.ctl'
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

開啟資料庫到open：
SQL> alter database open; 
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open


檢視警報日誌檔案：
alter database open
Mon Aug 25 22:52:19 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_dbw0_11521.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hh01.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_11611.trc:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
ORA-1589 signalled during: alter database open...
資料檔案hh01.dbf已經丟失，使用rman進行恢復：
[oracle@localhost app]$ rman target / nocatalog

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 25 22:54:29 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1383986269, not open)
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 25-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1

skipping datafile 1; already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
skipping datafile 2; already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
skipping datafile 3; already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
skipping datafile 4; already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
skipping datafile 5; already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
skipping datafile 6; already restored to file /u01/app/datafile/test01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007
input datafile copy RECID=15 STAMP=856565947 file name=/u01/app/datafile/hh01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00007: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hh01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00007
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/hh01.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0
Finished restore at 25-AUG-14

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 25-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u01/app/archivelog/dest1/1_1_856310126.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /u01/app/archivelog/dest1/1_2_856310126.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
archived log file name=/u01/app/archivelog/dest1/1_1_856310126.dbf thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=/u01/app/archivelog/dest1/1_2_856310126.dbf thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=3
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 25-AUG-14

再使用alter database open resetlogs;即可開啟資料庫。