Oracle ORA-01102故障: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
oracle instance started.
Total System Global Area 276824064 bytes
Fixed Size 778736 bytes
Variable Size 137371152 bytes
Database Buffers 138412032 bytes
Redo Buffers 262144 bytes
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
出現這個問題,可能是由於斷電的問題,解決方法是
出現1102錯誤可能有以下幾種可能:
一、在HA系統中,已經有其他節點啟動了例項,將雙機共享的資源(如磁碟陣列上的裸裝置)佔用了;
二、說明 oracle 被異常關閉時,有資源沒有被釋放,一般有以下幾種可能,
1、 oracle 的共享記憶體段或訊號量沒有被釋放;
2、 oracle 的後臺程式(如SMON、PMON、DBWn等)沒有被關閉;
3、 用於鎖記憶體的檔案lk和sgadef.dbf檔案沒有被刪除。
首先,雖然我們的系統是HA系統,但是備節點的例項始終處在關閉狀態,這點透過在備節點上查資料庫狀態可以證實。
其次、是因系統掉電引起資料庫當機的,系統在接電後被重啟,因此我們排除了第二種可能種的1、2點。最可疑的就是第3點了。
查$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目錄:
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ ls sgadef*
sgadef* not found
$ ls lk*
lkORA92
果然,lk檔案沒有被刪除。將它刪除掉
$ rm lk*
再啟動資料庫,成功。
如果懷疑是共享記憶體沒有被釋放,可以用以下命令檢視:
$ipcs -mop
IPC status from /dev/kmem as of Thu Jul 6 14:41:43 2006
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP NATTCH CPID LPID
Shared Memory:
m 0 0×411c29d6 –rw-rw-rw- root root 0 899 899
m 1 0×4e0c0002 –rw-rw-rw- root root 2 899 901
m 2 0×4120007a –rw-rw-rw- root root 2 899 901
m 458755 0×0c6629c9 –rw-r—– root sys 2 9113 17065
m 4 0×06347849 –rw-rw-rw- root root 1 1661 9150
m 65541 0xffffffff –rw-r–r– root root 0 1659 1659
m 524294 0×5e100011 –rw——- root root 1 1811 1811
m 851975 0×5fe48aa4 –rw-r—– oracle oinstall 66 2017 25076
然後它ID號清除共享記憶體段:
$ipcrm –m 851975
對於訊號量,可以用以下命令檢視:
$ ipcs -sop
IPC status from /dev/kmem as of Thu Jul 6 14:44:16 2006
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP
Semaphores:
s 0 0×4f1c0139 –ra——- root root
… …
s 14 0×6c200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 15 0×6d200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 16 0×6f200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 17 0xffffffff –ra-r–r– root root
s 18 0×410c05c7 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 19 0×00446f6e –ra-r–r– root root
s 20 0×00446f6d –ra-r–r– root root
s 21 0×00000001 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 45078 0×67e72b58 –ra-r—– oracle oinstall
根據訊號量ID,用以下命令清除訊號量:
$ipcrm -s 45078
如果是 oracle 程式沒有關閉,用以下命令查出存在的 oracle 程式:
$ ps -ef|grep ora
oracle 29976 1 0 Jun 22 ? 0:52 ora_dbw0_ora92
oracle 29978 1 0 Jun 22 ? 0:51 ora_dbw1_ora92
oracle 5128 1 0 Jul 5 ? 0:00 oracleora92 (LOCAL=NO)
… …
然後用kill -9命令殺掉程式
$kill -9
總結:
當發生1102錯誤時,可以按照以下流程檢查、排錯:
1.如果是HA系統,檢查其他節點是否已經啟動例項;
2.檢查 oracle 程式是否存在,如果存在則殺掉程式;
3.檢查訊號量是否存在,如果存在,則清除訊號量;
4.檢查共享記憶體段是否存在,如果存在,則清除共享記憶體段;
5.檢查鎖記憶體檔案lk和sgadef.dbf是否存在,如果存在,則刪除
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