Oracle 12.2 聯機重定義使用VPD策略的表並修改表的列名

下面的例子將演示聯機重定義使用VPD策略的表，並修改表中的一個列名，原始表jy.orders的建立語句如下:

SQL> create table jy.orders(
  2  order_id number(12) primary key,
  3  order_date timestamp with local time zone constraint order_date_nn not null,
  4  order_mode varchar2(8),
  5  customer_id number(6) constraint order_customer_id_nn not null,
  6  order_status number(2),
  7  order_total number(8,2),
  8  sales_rep_id number(6),
  9  promotion_id number(6),
 10  constraint order_mode_lov
 11  check (order_mode in ('direct','online')),
 12  constraint order_total_min
 13  check (order_total >= 0));

Table created.

建立下面的jy.auth_orders函式來建立VPD策略

SQL> create or replace function jy.auth_orders(
  2  schema_var in varchar2,
  3  table_var in varchar2
  4  )
  5  return varchar2
  6  as
  7  return_val varchar2 (400);
  8  unm varchar2(30);
  9  begin
 10  select user into unm from dual;
 11  if (unm = 'jy') then
 12  return_val := null;
 13  else
 14  return_val := 'sales_rep_id = 159';
 15  end if;
 16  return return_val;
 17  end auth_orders;
 18  /

Function created.

下面執行dbms_rls.add_policy過程來使用jy.auth_orders函式來給原始表jy.orders指定VPD策略:

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_rls.add_policy(
  3  object_schema => 'jy',
  4  object_name => 'orders',
  5  policy_name => 'orders_policy',
  6  function_schema => 'jy',
  7  policy_function => 'auth_orders');
  8  end;
  9  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

在這個例子中，被重定義後表中的sales_rep_id列被修改為sale_pid。當在執行重定義過程如可修改一個或多個列或列的資料型別，那麼在start_refef_table過程中對於copy_vpd_opt引數必須指定dbms_redefinition.cons_vpd_manual。

1.用要執行聯機重定義操作的使用者登入資料庫

SQL> conn jy/jy@jypdb
Connected.

2.驗證原始表是否可以執行聯機重定義

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table(
  3  uname => 'jy',
  4  tname => 'orders',
  5  options_flag => DBMS_REDEFINITION.CONS_USE_PK);
  6  end;
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

3.建立中間表

SQL> create table jy.int_orders(
  2  order_id number(12),
  3  order_date timestamp with local time zone,
  4  order_mode varchar2(8),
  5  customer_id number(6),
  6  order_status number(2),
  7  order_total number(8,2),
  8  sales_pid number(6),
  9  promotion_id number(6));

Table created.

注意，在中間表中sales_rep_id列被修改為sales_pid。

4.開始聯機重定義操作

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table (
  3  uname => 'jy',
  4  orig_table => 'orders',
  5  int_table => 'int_orders',
  6  col_mapping => 'order_id order_id, order_date order_date, order_mode
  7  order_mode, customer_id customer_id, order_status
  8  order_status, order_total order_total, sales_rep_id
  9  sales_pid, promotion_id promotion_id',
 10  options_flag => dbms_redefinition.cons_use_pk,
 11  orderby_cols => null,
 12  part_name => null,
 13  copy_vpd_opt => dbms_redefinition.cons_vpd_manual);
 14  end;
 15  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

因為原始表與中間表存在不同的列名，那麼copy_vpd_opt引數必須設定為dbms_redefinition.cons_vpd_manual。

5.對中間表建立VPD策略
5.1建立一個名為jy.auth_orders_sales_pid的函式來建立VPD策略，這裡使用sales_pid列來代替sales_rep_id列。

SQL> create or replace function jy.auth_orders_sales_pid(
  2  schema_var in varchar2,
  3  table_var in varchar2
  4  )
  5  return varchar2
  6  as
  7  return_val varchar2 (400);
  8  unm varchar2(30);
  9  begin
 10  select user into unm from dual;
 11  if (unm = 'jy') then
 12  return_val := null;
 13  else
 14  return_val := 'sales_pid = 159';
 15  end if;
 16  return return_val;
 17  end auth_orders_sales_pid;
 18  /

Function created.

5.2執行dbms_rls.add_policy過程來使用jy.auth_orders_sales_pid函式來為中間表增加VPD策略

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_rls.add_policy (
  3  object_schema => 'jy',
  4  object_name => 'int_orders',
  5  policy_name => 'orders_policy',
  6  function_schema => 'jy',
  7  policy_function => 'auth_orders_sales_pid');
  8  end;
  9  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

6.複製依賴物件

SQL> declare
  2  num_errors pls_integer;
  3  begin
  4  dbms_redefinition.copy_table_dependents(
  5  uname => 'jy',
  6  orig_table => 'orders',
  7  int_table => 'int_orders',
  8  copy_indexes => dbms_redefinition.cons_orig_params,
  9  copy_triggers => true,
 10  copy_constraints => true,
 11  copy_privileges => true,
 12  ignore_errors => true,
 13  num_errors => num_errors);
 14  end;
 15  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

注意在這裡ignore_errors引數被設定為true。原因是因為原始表對於列sales_rep_id存在索引與約束，並且在中間表中列被修改為sales_pid。

7.查詢dba_redefinition_errors檢視來檢查是否存在錯誤

SQL> set long 8000
SQL> set pages 8000
SQL> column object_name heading 'object name' format a20
SQL> column base_table_name heading 'base table name' format a10
SQL> column ddl_txt heading 'ddl that caused error' format a40
SQL> select object_name, base_table_name, ddl_txt from dba_redefinition_errors;

no rows selected

8.可選操作同中間表

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_redefinition.sync_interim_table(
  3  uname => 'jy',
  4  orig_table => 'orders',
  5  int_table => 'int_orders');
  6  end;
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

9.完成聯機重定義操作

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_redefinition.finish_redef_table(
  3  uname => 'jy',
  4  orig_table => 'orders',
  5  int_table => 'int_orders');
  6  end;
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> desc jy.orders
Name         Type                              Nullable Default Comments
------------ --------------------------------- -------- ------- --------
ORDER_ID     NUMBER(12)
ORDER_DATE   TIMESTAMP(6) WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE
ORDER_MODE   VARCHAR2(8)                       Y
CUSTOMER_ID  NUMBER(6)
ORDER_STATUS NUMBER(2)                         Y
ORDER_TOTAL  NUMBER(8,2)                       Y
SALES_PID    NUMBER(6)                         Y
PROMOTION_ID NUMBER(6)                         Y

10.等待任何查詢中間表的語句執行完成後將其刪除

SQL> drop table jy.int_orders;
Table dropped

到此重定義操作就完成了。