【原創】你誤刪除了一張表，請使用備份+歸檔來將資料庫恢復到刪除表之前的狀態

topic：【原創】假設在有最後一次全庫備份之後，你誤刪除了一張表，請使用備份+歸檔來將資料庫恢復到刪除表之前的狀態。(不完全恢復)

 

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進入Rman做全庫備份

[oracle@leonarding1backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager:Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Apr 30 11:08:29 2013

Copyright (c)1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected totarget database: LEO1 (DBID=1692458681)

RMAN> backupfull database format              

'/u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn'include current controlfile

plus

archivelog format'/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn' delete all input;

2> 3> 4>

Starting backup at30-APR-13

current logarchived

using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-00569:=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-03002:failure of backup plus archivelog command at 04/30/2013 11:13:27

RMAN-06059:expected archived log not found, loss of archived log compromisesrecoverability

ORA-19625: erroridentifying file /u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_75_813654649.dbf

ORA-27037: unableto obtain file status

Linux-x86_64Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additionalinformation: 3

75號歸檔日誌缺失，Rman在作業系統上找不到對應的日誌檔案

當手工刪除了歸檔日誌以後，Rman備份會檢測到日誌缺失，從而無法進一步繼續執行。
所以此時需要手工執行crosscheck過程，之後Rman備份可以恢復正常

RMAN> crosscheckarchivelog all;                     交叉檢查，有3個日誌被手工刪除

released channel:ORA_DISK_1

allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK

validation failedfor archived log

archivedlog file name=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_75_813654649.dbf RECID=9STAMP=813790708

validation failedfor archived log

archivedlog file name=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_76_813654649.dbf RECID=7STAMP=813790702

validation failedfor archived log

archivedlog file name=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_77_813654649.dbf RECID=8STAMP=813790706

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_1_813790699.dbf RECID=10 STAMP=813791152

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_2_813790699.dbf RECID=11 STAMP=813913400

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_3_813790699.dbf RECID=12 STAMP=813913401

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_4_813790699.dbf RECID=13 STAMP=813913405

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_5_813790699.dbf RECID=14 STAMP=813933703

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_6_813790699.dbf RECID=15 STAMP=813933734

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_7_813790699.dbf RECID=16 STAMP=814090435

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_8_813790699.dbf RECID=17 STAMP=814090645

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_9_813790699.dbf RECID=18 STAMP=814090877

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_10_813790699.dbf RECID=19 STAMP=814091008

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_11_813790699.dbf RECID=20 STAMP=814091028

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_12_813790699.dbf RECID=21 STAMP=814091032

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_13_813790699.dbf RECID=22 STAMP=814091036

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_14_813790699.dbf RECID=23 STAMP=814091057

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_15_813790699.dbf RECID=24 STAMP=814091184

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_16_813790699.dbf RECID=25 STAMP=814091638

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_17_813790699.dbf RECID=26 STAMP=814091658

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_18_813790699.dbf RECID=27 STAMP=814091709

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_19_813790699.dbf RECID=28 STAMP=814092394

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_20_813790699.dbf RECID=29 STAMP=814092405

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_1_814098124.dbf RECID=30 STAMP=814098353

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_2_814098124.dbf RECID=31 STAMP=814100979

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_3_814098124.dbf RECID=32 STAMP=814101206

validationsucceeded for archived log

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_4_814098124.dbf RECID=33 STAMP=814101824

Crosschecked 27objects

RMAN> deleteexpired archivelog all;                              刪除所有過期歸檔日誌

released channel:ORA_DISK_1

allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK

List of ArchivedLog Copies for database with db_unique_name LEO1

=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time

------- ----------- - ---------

9       1   75      X 26-APR-13

        Name: /u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_75_813654649.dbf

7       1   76      X 26-APR-13

        Name: /u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_76_813654649.dbf

8       1   77      X 26-APR-13

        Name: /u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_77_813654649.dbf

Do you really wantto delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? y     75  76   77號日誌被刪除

deleted archivedlog

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_75_813654649.dbf RECID=9 STAMP=813790708

deleted archivedlog

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_76_813654649.dbf RECID=7 STAMP=813790702

deleted archivedlog

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_77_813654649.dbf RECID=8 STAMP=813790706

Deleted 3 EXPIREDobjects

RMAN> backup fulldatabase format      現在Rman備份可以恢復正常，同時刪除備份過的歸檔日誌

'/u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn'include current controlfile

plus

archivelog format'/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_%u%p%s.rmn' delete all input;2> 3> 4>

Starting backup at30-APR-13

current logarchived

using channelORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived logthread=1 sequence=1 RECID=10 STAMP=813791152

input archived logthread=1 sequence=2 RECID=11 STAMP=813913400

input archived logthread=1 sequence=3 RECID=12 STAMP=813913401

input archived logthread=1 sequence=4 RECID=13 STAMP=813913405

input archived logthread=1 sequence=5 RECID=14 STAMP=813933703

input archived logthread=1 sequence=6 RECID=15 STAMP=813933734

input archived logthread=1 sequence=7 RECID=16 STAMP=814090435

input archived logthread=1 sequence=8 RECID=17 STAMP=814090645

input archived logthread=1 sequence=9 RECID=18 STAMP=814090877

input archived logthread=1 sequence=10 RECID=19 STAMP=814091008

input archived logthread=1 sequence=11 RECID=20 STAMP=814091028

input archived logthread=1 sequence=12 RECID=21 STAMP=814091032

input archived logthread=1 sequence=13 RECID=22 STAMP=814091036

input archived logthread=1 sequence=14 RECID=23 STAMP=814091057

input archived logthread=1 sequence=15 RECID=24 STAMP=814091184

input archived logthread=1 sequence=16 RECID=25 STAMP=814091638

input archived logthread=1 sequence=17 RECID=26 STAMP=814091658

input archived logthread=1 sequence=18 RECID=27 STAMP=814091709

input archived logthread=1 sequence=19 RECID=28 STAMP=814092394

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0co8cds4112.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113324comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channelORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_1_813790699.dbf RECID=10 STAMP=813791152

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_2_813790699.dbf RECID=11 STAMP=813913400

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_3_813790699.dbf RECID=12 STAMP=813913401

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_4_813790699.dbf RECID=13 STAMP=813913405

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_5_813790699.dbf RECID=14 STAMP=813933703

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_6_813790699.dbf RECID=15 STAMP=813933734

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_7_813790699.dbf RECID=16 STAMP=814090435

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_8_813790699.dbf RECID=17 STAMP=814090645

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_9_813790699.dbf RECID=18 STAMP=814090877

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_10_813790699.dbf RECID=19 STAMP=814091008

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_11_813790699.dbf RECID=20 STAMP=814091028

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_12_813790699.dbf RECID=21 STAMP=814091032

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_13_813790699.dbf RECID=22 STAMP=814091036

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_14_813790699.dbf RECID=23 STAMP=814091057

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_15_813790699.dbf RECID=24 STAMP=814091184

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_16_813790699.dbf RECID=25 STAMP=814091638

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_17_813790699.dbf RECID=26 STAMP=814091658

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_18_813790699.dbf RECID=27 STAMP=814091709

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_19_813790699.dbf RECID=28 STAMP=814092394

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived logthread=1 sequence=1 RECID=30 STAMP=814098353

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0do8cdsc113.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113324comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channelORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_1_814098124.dbf RECID=30 STAMP=814098353

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived logthread=1 sequence=20 RECID=29 STAMP=814092405

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0eo8cdsd114.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113324comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channelORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_20_813790699.dbf RECID=29 STAMP=814092405

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived logthread=1 sequence=2 RECID=31 STAMP=814100979

input archived logthread=1 sequence=3 RECID=32 STAMP=814101206

input archived logthread=1 sequence=4 RECID=33 STAMP=814101824

input archived logthread=1 sequence=5 RECID=34 STAMP=814102404

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0fo8cdse115.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113324comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channelORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_2_814098124.dbf RECID=31 STAMP=814100979

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_3_814098124.dbf RECID=32 STAMP=814101206

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_4_814098124.dbf RECID=33 STAMP=814101824

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_5_814098124.dbf RECID=34 STAMP=814102404

Finished backup at30-APR-13

Starting backup at30-APR-13

using channelORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafilefile number=00001 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/system01.dbf

input datafilefile number=00002 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/sysaux01.dbf

input datafilefile number=00003 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile filenumber=00005 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/leo1.dbf

input datafilefile number=00004 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/users01.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_0go8cdsg116.rmntag=TAG20130430T113336 comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:25

channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including currentcontrol file in backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_0ho8cdv5117.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113336comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1:backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at30-APR-13

Starting backup at30-APR-13

current logarchived

using channelORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived logthread=1 sequence=6 RECID=35 STAMP=814102503

channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 30-APR-13

channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0io8cdv7118.rmn tag=TAG20130430T113503comment=NONE

channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channelORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_6_814098124.dbf RECID=35 STAMP=814102503

Finished backup at30-APR-13

Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-APR-13

piecehandle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/control/cf_c-1692458681-20130430-01 comment=NONE

Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 30-APR-13

我們現在進入資料庫建立一個表leo1並插入三條記錄

SYS@LEO1>createtable leo1 (name varchar2(20),age number,riqi date);

Table created.

SYS@LEO1>insertinto leo1 values('leonarding',28,sysdate);

1 row created.

SYS@LEO1>insertinto leo1 values('sun_vn',26,sysdate);

1 row created.

SYS@LEO1>insertinto leo1 values('tiger',18,sysdate);

1 row created.

SYS@LEO1>commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@LEO1>select* from leo1;                          完成

NAME                        AGE RIQI

------------------------------ ---------

leonarding                   28 30-APR-13

sun_vn                      26 30-APR-13

tiger                        18 30-APR-13

SYS@LEO1>selectgroup#,members,bytes,archived,sequence#,status from v$log;

    GROUP#   MEMBERS      BYTES ARC  SEQUENCE# STATUS

-------------------- ---------- --- ---------- ----------------

         1          2  52428800 NO           7 CURRENT

         2          2  52428800 YES          5 INACTIVE

         5          2  52428800 YES          6 INACTIVE

我們建立表和插入資訊是寫入當前日誌組1

SYS@LEO1>altersystem switch logfile;              切換日誌組

System altered.

SYS@LEO1>altersystem switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@LEO1>selectgroup#,members,bytes,archived,sequence#,status from v$log;

    GROUP#   MEMBERS      BYTES ARC  SEQUENCE# STATUS

-------------------- ---------- --- ---------- ----------------

         1          2  52428800 YES          7 INACTIVE

         2          2  52428800 YES          8 INACTIVE

         5          2  52428800 NO           9 CURRENT

現在組1已經完成歸檔，如果我們此時勿刪除了leo1表，我們可以把資料庫恢復到7號歸檔日誌的那一點，就可以恢復勿刪除的leo1表了。我們順便把當前redolog日誌也損壞了，看看可不可以扶起資料庫來。

SYS@LEO1>droptable leo1 purge;                  刪除表

我們刪除第五組的2個成員

[oracle@leonarding1LEO1]$ rm -rf redo05.log

[oracle@leonarding1LEO1]$ cd disk2/

[oracle@leonarding1disk2]$ rm -rf redo05_b.log

SYS@LEO1>startup

ORACLE instancestarted.

Total SystemGlobal Area  471830528 bytes

Fixed Size                  2214456 bytes

Variable Size             171967944 bytes

DatabaseBuffers          289406976 bytes

Redo Buffers                8241152 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-00313: openfailed for members of log group 5 of thread 1

ORA-00312: onlinelog 5 thread 1:

'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/disk2/redo05_b.log'

ORA-27037: unableto obtain file status

Linux-x86_64Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additionalinformation: 3

ORA-00312: onlinelog 5 thread 1: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/redo05.log'

ORA-27037: unableto obtain file status

Linux-x86_64Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additionalinformation: 3

找不到第五組redo，實際上已經被我們刪除了，進入rman進行恢復操作

[oracle@leonarding1backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager:Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Apr 30 12:47:55 2013

Copyright (c)1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected totarget database: LEO1 (DBID=1692458681, not open)

RMAN> restoredatabase;        

Starting restoreat 30-APR-13

using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK

channelORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/system01.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/sysaux01.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/undotbs01.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to/u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/users01.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/LEO1/leo1.dbf

channelORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_0go8cdsg116.rmn

channelORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/full_bk1_0go8cdsg116.rmntag=TAG20130430T113336

channelORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channelORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:02:05

Finished restoreat 30-APR-13

我們只需恢復到7號歸檔日誌狀態點，就可以找回我們刪除了的leo1表

RMAN> recoverdatabase until sequence 7 thread 1;

Starting recoverat 30-APR-13

using channelORA_DISK_1

starting mediarecovery

channelORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1:restoring archived log

archived logthread=1 sequence=6

channelORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0io8cdv7118.rmn

channelORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/backup/arch_bk1_0io8cdv7118.rmntag=TAG20130430T113503

channelORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channelORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

archived log filename=/u02/app/oracle/archdata/1_6_814098124.dbf thread=1 sequence=6

media recoverycomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recoverat 30-APR-13

SYS@LEO1>alterdatabase open resetlogs;

Database altered.

resetlogs做的幾件事：

1）資料檔案頭scn號為準，同步控制檔案和線上日誌檔案scn號

2）重新建立redolog日誌（建立一個空日誌），重置為unused

3）重置歸檔日誌序號從1開始編碼

4）讓資料庫重新進入一個新的生命週期

SYS@LEO1>select* from leo1;                                   

NAME                        AGE RIQI

------------------------------ ---------

leonarding                   28 30-APR-13

sun_vn                       26 30-APR-13

tiger                        18 30-APR-13

這個表存在說明應用了 sequence為7的歸檔

小結：到此我們的系列恢復實驗完美完成，裡面闡述了各種不同環境下的恢復測試，簡明瞭重做日誌和歸檔日誌關係，在什麼情況下可以恢復到什麼級別，牢實掌握如上資訊，可以讓你遇事不慌張事半功倍。

控制檔案恢復，重做日誌恢復，完全恢復，不完全恢復，備份

2013.4.30
天津&spring
分享技術~成就夢想
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