ORACLE10G DATAGUARD配置筆記

jolly10發表於2007-11-21
Oracle筆記
ORACLE10G DATAGUARD配置筆記[@more@]

ORACLE10G DATAGUARD配置筆記
環境：
OS:RHL4+ORACLE10G10.2.0.1
IP:172.17.61.160(primary) 172.17.61.161(standby)
ORACLE_SID:orcl
ORACLE_HOME:/oracle/product/10.2.0


一、配置standby database為MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE模式
二、轉換模式由MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE到MAXIMIZE PROTECTION
三、主庫和備庫的switchover.

一、配置standby database為MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE模式

1.設定主庫為force logging
SQL> alter database force logging;

2.設定主庫為歸檔模式：
SQL> archive log list
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> archive log list

3.檢查主機是否有口令檔案,如沒有需建立
orapwd file='/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/orapworcl' password=sys entries=5

orapworcl檔名不能錯了

4.為主資料庫新增"備用聯機日誌檔案"
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4
('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5
('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6
('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7
('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50m;

5.修改主庫引數檔案
SQL> create pfile='/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora' from spfile;

orcl.__db_cache_size=100663296
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=54525952
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_format='%T%S%r.ARC'
*.log_archive_max_processes=3
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=167772160
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

#add below parameter for standy database
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/oradata/orcl/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gpri'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=10gstandby arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.FAL_SERVER='10gstandby'
*.FAL_CLIENT='10gpri'

6.主庫用PFILE建立SPFILE
[oracle@host160 pfile]$ sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora';

7.建立備用庫的控制檔案
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/standby_ctl01.ctl';

8.配置主資料庫listener及tnsnames
[oracle@host160 admin]$ cat listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host160)(PORT = 1521))
)
)

#加1522埠供以後做switchover
SID_LIST_LISTENER1 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)

LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host160)(PORT = 1522))
)
)

[oracle@host160 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
#1521和1522埠都能連上主機和備機，這樣在做switchover時就不需要改這裡的設定了
10gpri =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.161)(PORT = 1522))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.160)(PORT = 1522))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = orcl)
)
)


10gstandby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.160)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.161)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = orcl)
)
)

9.複製檔案到備機
[oracle@host161 ~]cd /oracle/oradata/orcl
[oracle@host161 orcl]$rcp host160:/oracle/oradata/orcl/*.dbf .
[oracle@host161 orcl]$rcp host160:/tmp/standby_ctl01.ctl .
[oracle@host161 orcl]$mv standby_ctl01.ctl control01.ctl
[oracle@host161 orcl]$cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
[oracle@host161 orcl]$cp control01.ctl control03.ctl

redelog檔案也需要複製到備機

10.複製並修改備機的引數檔案
[oracle@host161 ~]cd /oracle/admin/orcl/pfile
[oracle@host161 pfile]$rcp host160:/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora .

修改為如下：
orcl.__db_cache_size=100663296
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=54525952
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_format='%T%S%r.ARC'
*.log_archive_max_processes=3
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=167772160
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/oradata/orcl/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=10gpri arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gpri'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.FAL_SERVER='10gpri'
*.FAL_CLIENT='10gstandby'

11.生成備用庫密碼檔案
orapwd file='/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/orapworcl' password=sys entries=5

12.修改備機的listener及tnsnames
[oracle@host161 admin]$ cat listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host161)(PORT = 1521))
)
)

#加一個1522的埠供以後做switchover
SID_LIST_LISTENER1 =
(SID_LIST =
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)

LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host161)(PORT = 1522))
)
)


[oracle@host161 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
10gpri =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.161)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.160)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = orcl)
)
)


10gstandby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.160)(PORT = 1522))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.61.161)(PORT = 1522))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = orcl)
)
)

13.測試主備之間網路連通
[oracle@host160 admin]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@host160 admin]$ tnsping 10gstandby
[oracle@host161 admin]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@host161 admin]$ tnsping 10gpri

14.開啟備庫
SQL> startup mount pfile='/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora';
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora';
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

15.開啟主庫
SQL> startup

16.測試是否OK
主庫：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

從庫：
SQL> select FIRST_TIME,NEXT_TIME, APPLIED,SEQUENCE# from v$archived_log order by SEQUENCE#;

FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP SEQUENCE#
------------------- ------------------- --- ----------
2007-10-16 11:39:33 2007-10-16 14:16:39 YES 5
2007-10-16 14:16:39 2007-10-16 14:21:06 YES 6


二、轉換模式由MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE到MAXIMIZE PROTECTION

1.在備機上：
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount；
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4
2 ('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5
2 ('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6
2 ('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50m;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7
2 ('/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50m;

2.在主機上
SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount；

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=10gstandby LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby';

SQL>alter database set standby database to maximize protection;

SQL>alter database open;

SQL> select protection_mode from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE
--------------------
MAXIMUM PROTECTION


3.在備機上
SQL> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

4.測試一下：
在主機上執行SQL> alte system switch logfile;
在備機上檢視v$standby_log檢視
SQL> select GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,USED,ARCHIVED,STATUS from v$standby_log;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# USED ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------
4 1 36 59392 YES ACTIVE
5 1 0 512 NO UNASSIGNED
6 0 0 512 YES UNASSIGNED
7 0 0 512 YES UNASSIGNED

MAXIMIZE PROTECTION和MAXIMIZE AVAILABILITY模式下，備機不能先關閉，會出現如下錯誤
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01154: database busy. Open, close, mount, and dismount not allowed now

正確的開關機順序是：
關機：先關主機，後關備機
開機：先開備機，後開主機

三、主庫和備庫的switchover.

注意：Swithover時只能先從Primary切到Standby，再從Standby切到Primary.

1.準備原主庫是否有standby redo log，上面1.4已建好了。

2.準備主庫和備庫的引數檔案，最好就是將兩個資料庫的引數檔案互換，在兩臺機器上同時保留主庫和備庫的引數檔案。
[oracle@host161 /]$ cd /oracle/admin/orcl/pfile
[oracle@host161 pfile]rcp host160:/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora initprimary.ora
[oracle@host161 pfile]rcp init.ora host160:/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/initstandby.ora

3.從primary 切換到standby
connect / as sysdba
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
SQL> shutdown
SQL> startup mount pfile=/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/initstandby.ora;
SQL> recover managed standby database disconnect;

4.啟動新備庫端的Listener (port=1522)
[oracle@host160 admin]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@host160 admin]$ lsnrctl start LISTENER1

5.從standby 切換到primary
connect / as sysdba
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
SQL> shutdown
SQL> startup pfile=/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/initprimary.ora

6.啟動新主庫端的Listener (port=1522)
[oracle@host161 admin]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@host161 admin]$ lsnrctl start LISTENER1

7.OK

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