在工作環境中我們可能沒有機會使用SQL命令手工建立12c CDB，但是學習一下手工建庫對熟悉其安裝步驟和所需條件還是有幫助的。下面開始手工建庫。

1，配置環境變數

[oracle@snow ~]$ cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=CDB

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

2，配置初始換引數檔案，只需要兩個引數就可以。一個是必要引數db_name，另一個是針對插拔資料庫。如果建立不同的資料庫就不需要第二個引數enable_pluggable_database

[oracle@snow ~]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initCDB.ora

db_name='CDB'

enable_pluggable_database=true

3，建立建庫指令碼createdb.sql

建立語句參考12c官方文件,文件路徑為

Database Administrator's Guide --&gt

2 Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database —>

Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement —>

Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement

注意指令碼最後才會用到“；“前面的都是”，“號。

[oracle@snow ~]$ cat /home/oracle/createdb.sql

CREATE DATABASE CDB

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo01a.log','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo02a.log','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo03a.log','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 1024

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf'

SIZE 700M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf'

SIZE 550M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED1

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

USER_DATA TABLESPACE usertbs

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/usertbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

ENABLE PLUGGABLE DATABASE

SEED FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed');

4，確保建立資料庫涉及到的目錄都存在

[oracle@snow oradata]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/oradata

[oracle@snow oradata]$ mkdir -p CDB/pdbseed

5，啟動資料庫到nomount狀態下，執行建庫指令碼

[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Feb 8 20:00:49 2015

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes

Fixed Size 2286656 bytes

Variable Size 159386560 bytes

Database Buffers 50331648 bytes

Redo Buffers 5152768 bytes

SQL> @/home/oracle/createdb.sql

Database created.

6，為CDB建立資料字典，根據官方文件提示執行下面的3個sql語句

使用sys使用者執行下面兩個sql語句，執行時間會很長

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

切換到system使用者下執行下面的語句

SQL> conn system/oracle

Connected.

SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

所有指令碼執行完後，CDB資料庫正式建立完成。

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

--------------------

READ WRITE

SQL> show pdbs

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED MOUNTED

SQL> col file_name for a60

SQL> select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files;

CON_ID FILE_NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf

全文完。

12c 使用SQL命令手工建立CDB數

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