利用儲存級的複製技術將一個ASM資料庫快速clone到目標環境
生產庫是建在ASM上的兩節點RAC，測試庫是單節點的安裝了Oracle restart，版本和生產一樣同為11.2.0.3
現使用儲存級的複製軟體將生產庫的所有DG複製到測試庫所在的磁陣，以快速構建出一個測試環境
以下記錄了儲存複製完成後，測試庫搭建的全過程：
如果我們安裝Oracle Restart環境時選擇的是"Install Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone software only"，那麼安裝完後還要進行如下配置，如果已經配置好了ASM那麼直接進入"2、啟動ASM例項，Mount磁碟組"
/////////////////
// 1、oracle restart安裝後的配置
/////////////////
###root使用者執行，其中ORACLE_HOME是grid使用者下的變數
export DISPLAY=10.10.176.140:0.0
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/grid
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl -I $ORACLE_HOME/perl/lib -I $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/roothas.pl
Using configuration parameter file: /oracle/app/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
LOCAL ADD MODE
Creating OCR keys for user 'grid', privgrp 'oinstall'..
Operation successful.
LOCAL ONLY MODE
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'system'..
Operation successful.
CRS-4664: Node qc26702a successfully pinned.
Adding Clusterware entries to inittab
qc26702a 2015/07/22 16:35:26 /oracle/app/grid/cdata/qc26702a/backup_20150722_163526.olr
Successfully configured Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
###可以看到基礎資源已經註冊到了oracle restart環境
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE qc26702a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
###繼續進行配置，這步主要是更新oracle Inventory，以Grid使用者執行
su - grid
export DISPLAY=10.10.176.140:0.0
$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME -defaultHomeName CLUSTER_NODES= CRS=TRUE
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 16384 MB Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /oracle/app/oraInventory
'UpdateNodeList' was successful.
###使用asmca配置ASM例項，並啟動ASM instance
建立過程中必須指定一塊盤建立dg用於存放spfile，注意這塊磁碟不能是BCV的目標磁碟，否則下次同步時資訊會丟失
###ASM例項建立後檢查ora.SPDG.dg(包含spfile的diskgroup)、ora.asm、ora.cssd、ora.evmd四個資源應該處於online
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.SPDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a Started
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE qc26702a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
/////////////////
// 2、啟動ASM例項，Mount磁碟組
/////////////////
###連線ASM例項，使用asmcmd的lsdg命令能看到剛才建立的存放spfile的DG
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>asmcmd
ASMCMD> lsdg
State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name
MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 46477 46418 0 46418 0 N SPDG/
###調整ASM初始化引數重啟ASM instance
alter system set asm_diskstring='/dev/rhdiskpower*' scope=both;
srvctl stop asm -o immediate
srvctl start asm
###修改磁碟許可權
chown oracle:dba /dev/rhdiskpower*
chmod 660 /dev/rhdiskpower*
###使用kfod確認這磁碟資訊都能被oracle或者grid使用者準確讀到
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>kfod asm_diskstring='/dev/rhdiskpower*' disks=all
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disk Size Path User Group
================================================================================
1: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower0 oracle dba
2: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower1 oracle dba
3: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower10 oracle dba
4: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower11 oracle dba
5: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower12 oracle dba
6: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower13 oracle dba
7: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower14 oracle dba
8: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower15 oracle dba
9: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower16 oracle dba
10: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower17 oracle dba
11: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower18 oracle dba
12: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower19 oracle dba
13: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower2 oracle dba
14: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower20 oracle dba
15: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower21 oracle dba
16: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower22 oracle dba
17: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower23 oracle dba
18: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower24 oracle dba
19: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower25 oracle dba
20: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower26 oracle dba
21: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower27 oracle dba
22: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower28 oracle dba
23: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower29 oracle dba
24: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower3 oracle dba
25: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower30 oracle dba
26: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower31 oracle dba
27: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower32 oracle dba
28: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower33 oracle dba
29: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower34 oracle dba
30: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower35 oracle dba
31: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower36 oracle dba
32: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower37 oracle dba
33: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower38 oracle dba
34: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower39 oracle dba
35: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower4 oracle dba
36: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower40 oracle dba
37: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower41 oracle dba
38: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower42 oracle dba
39: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower43 oracle dba
40: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower5 oracle dba
41: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower6 oracle dba
42: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower7 oracle dba
43: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower8 oracle dba
44: 46477 Mb /dev/rhdiskpower9 oracle dba
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME
================================================================================
+ASM /oracle/app/grid
###連線ASM instance，mount diskgroup
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
sqlplus '/as sysasm'
alter diskgroup AJXDG1 mount;
alter diskgroup AJXDG2 mount;
注：dg名稱可以透過kfed命令得到：
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>kfed read /dev/rhdiskpower21 | grep grpname
kfdhdb.grpname: AJXDG1 ; 0x048: length=6
###檢查diskgroup & disk狀態
set linesize 200 pagesize 80
column path format a45
column name format a20
column failgroup format a15
select group_number, disk_number, mount_status, header_status, state, failgroup, name, path from v$asm_disk_stat;
GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU STATE FAILGROUP NAME PATH
------------ ----------- ------- ------------ -------- --------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------------
1 0 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL SPDG_0000 SPDG_0000 /dev/rhdiskpower0
2 0 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0000 AJXDG1_0000 /dev/rhdiskpower12
2 1 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0001 AJXDG1_0001 /dev/rhdiskpower13
2 2 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0002 AJXDG1_0002 /dev/rhdiskpower14
2 3 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0003 AJXDG1_0003 /dev/rhdiskpower15
2 4 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0004 AJXDG1_0004 /dev/rhdiskpower16
2 5 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0005 AJXDG1_0005 /dev/rhdiskpower17
2 6 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0006 AJXDG1_0006 /dev/rhdiskpower18
2 7 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0007 AJXDG1_0007 /dev/rhdiskpower19
2 8 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0008 AJXDG1_0008 /dev/rhdiskpower20
2 9 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0009 AJXDG1_0009 /dev/rhdiskpower21
2 10 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0010 AJXDG1_0010 /dev/rhdiskpower22
2 11 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0011 AJXDG1_0011 /dev/rhdiskpower23
2 12 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0012 AJXDG1_0012 /dev/rhdiskpower24
2 13 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0013 AJXDG1_0013 /dev/rhdiskpower25
2 14 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0014 AJXDG1_0014 /dev/rhdiskpower26
2 15 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG1_0015 AJXDG1_0015 /dev/rhdiskpower27
3 0 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0000 AJXDG2_0000 /dev/rhdiskpower28
3 1 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0001 AJXDG2_0001 /dev/rhdiskpower29
3 2 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0002 AJXDG2_0002 /dev/rhdiskpower30
3 3 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0003 AJXDG2_0003 /dev/rhdiskpower31
3 4 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0004 AJXDG2_0004 /dev/rhdiskpower32
3 5 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0005 AJXDG2_0005 /dev/rhdiskpower33
3 6 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0006 AJXDG2_0006 /dev/rhdiskpower34
3 7 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0007 AJXDG2_0007 /dev/rhdiskpower35
3 8 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0008 AJXDG2_0008 /dev/rhdiskpower36
3 9 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0009 AJXDG2_0009 /dev/rhdiskpower37
3 10 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0010 AJXDG2_0010 /dev/rhdiskpower38
3 11 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0011 AJXDG2_0011 /dev/rhdiskpower39
3 12 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0012 AJXDG2_0012 /dev/rhdiskpower40
3 13 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0013 AJXDG2_0013 /dev/rhdiskpower41
3 14 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0014 AJXDG2_0014 /dev/rhdiskpower42
3 15 CACHED MEMBER NORMAL AJXDG2_0015 AJXDG2_0015 /dev/rhdiskpower43
SQL> select group_number, name, state, type, total_mb, free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup_stat;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ----------
1 SPDG MOUNTED EXTERN 46477 46418
2 AJXDG1 MOUNTED EXTERN 743632 350106
3 AJXDG2 MOUNTED EXTERN 743632 354227
###檢查CRS資源組狀態
crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.AJXDG1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.AJXDG2.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.SPDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a Started
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE qc26702a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
/////////////////
// 3、啟動資料庫例項
/////////////////
###將引數檔案建立到dg的spfile
***initajxbcv1.ora內容
sga_target=500M
db_block_size=8192
db_name=shajx
instance_name=ajxbcv1
control_files='+AJXDG1/sys/control01.ctl','+AJXDG2/sys/control02.ctl'
cluster_database=FALSE
***create spfile from pfile
sqlplus '/as sysdba'
startup mount;
create spfile='+SPDG' from pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initajxbcv1.ora'
###找到spfile的存放路徑，將此路徑放到初始化引數檔案
ASMCMD> pwd
+spdg/SHAJX/PARAMETERFILE
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
PARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE JUL 22 19:00:00 Y spfile.257.885757443
###初始化引數檔案initajxbcv1.ora調整為只包含如下內容
spfile='+spdg/SHAJX/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.257.885757443'
###將資料庫資源新增到oracle restart環境，啟動資料庫
srvctl add database -d shajx -o $ORACLE_HOME -i ajxbcv1
srvctl start database -d shajx
###檢查db資源已經online
grid@qc26702a:/home/grid>crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.AJXDG1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.AJXDG2.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.SPDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a Started
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE qc26702a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a
ora.shajx.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE qc26702a Open
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