Oracle 物化檢視快速重新整理對效能的影響
一個表上存在物化檢視日誌和基於物化檢視日誌快速重新整理的物化檢視，如果對這個表進行DML操作，則Redolog產生量將翻數倍，並且執行時間加長，影響併發操作。
下面主要透過在Redolog產生量和執行時間上做對比：
DB Version:12.1.0.2.0
OS:CentOS 6.6
[oracle@ct6603 ~]$ sqlplus system/system
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Nov 5 17:11:31 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Sat Nov 05 2016 17:11:12 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
#建測試表
SQL> create table tb_rowid tablespace users as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
#記錄時間
SQL> set timing on
#設定自動提交
SQL> set autocommit on
#跟蹤統計資訊
SQL> set autotrace on stat
#表tb_rowid上無物化檢視日誌
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量1249324，耗時00:00:00.21
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.21
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
42 recursive calls
1105 db block gets
497 consistent gets
508 physical reads
1249324 redo size
859 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量1248532，耗時00:00:00.17
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.17
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
4 recursive calls
1087 db block gets
324 consistent gets
245 physical reads
1248532 redo size
861 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量4147948，耗時00:00:00.50
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.50
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
9 recursive calls
11277 db block gets
225 consistent gets
276 physical reads
4147948 redo size
861 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量4164704，耗時00:00:00.60
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.60
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
3 recursive calls
11293 db block gets
319 consistent gets
104 physical reads
4164704 redo size
863 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量2725824，耗時00:00:00.48
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=1 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.48
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
8 recursive calls
10233 db block gets
548 consistent gets
145 physical reads
2725824 redo size
863 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量957056，耗時00:00:00.13
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.13
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
8 recursive calls
294 db block gets
548 consistent gets
0 physical reads
957056 redo size
864 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量961224，耗時00:00:00.14
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.14
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
294 db block gets
489 consistent gets
0 physical reads
961224 redo size
864 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#表tb_rowid上有物化檢視日誌
#建物化檢視日誌
SQL> create materialized view log on tb_rowid with rowid including new values;
Materialized view log created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.34
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量10905808，耗時00:00:03.73
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
176 recursive calls
43316 db block gets
1227 consistent gets
104 physical reads
10905808 redo size
862 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
14 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11015104，耗時00:00:04.03
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:04.03
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
32 recursive calls
42863 db block gets
6438 consistent gets
2 physical reads
11015104 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11019692，耗時00:00:03.88
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.88
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
43 recursive calls
42877 db block gets
572 consistent gets
27 physical reads
11019692 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11010468，耗時00:00:03.73
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
18 recursive calls
42846 db block gets
592 consistent gets
0 physical reads
11010468 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量16150340，耗時00:00:06.94
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.94
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
51 recursive calls
73132 db block gets
1292 consistent gets
109 physical reads
16150340 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量16078152，耗時00:00:07.19
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:07.19
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
30 recursive calls
91767 db block gets
1160 consistent gets
1 physical reads
16078152 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#表tb_rowid上有快速重新整理物化檢視
#建物化檢視mv_tb_rowid
SQL> create materialized view mv_tb_rowid tablespace users refresh fast on commit with rowid as select * from tb_rowid;
Materialized view created.
Elapsed: 00:00:29.52
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量20177192，耗時00:00:08.98
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.98
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1415 recursive calls
98178 db block gets
4696 consistent gets
412 physical reads
20177192 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
92 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量19942160，耗時00:00:07.26
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:07.26
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
223 recursive calls
97346 db block gets
7576 consistent gets
1 physical reads
19942160 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
871 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量25751700，耗時00:00:08.75
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.75
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
227 recursive calls
136425 db block gets
2362 consistent gets
0 physical reads
25751700 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量25890548，耗時00:00:08.73
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
204 recursive calls
136332 db block gets
2223 consistent gets
241 physical reads
25890548 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
22 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量42848860，耗時00:00:18.52
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:18.52
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
902 recursive calls
249586 db block gets
5487 consistent gets
292 physical reads
42848860 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量43267360，耗時00:00:16.95
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:16.95
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
215 recursive calls
250097 db block gets
4048 consistent gets
0 physical reads
43267360 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
22 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
總結：
表上無物化檢視日誌 表上有物化檢視日誌 表上有物化檢視日誌且有一個快速重新整理的物化檢視
插入 1M/0.21秒 10M/3.73秒 20M/8.98秒
刪除 4M/0.5秒 10M/3.88秒 25M/8.75秒
更新 1M/0.13秒 15M/6.94秒 40M/18.52秒
下面主要透過在Redolog產生量和執行時間上做對比：
DB Version:12.1.0.2.0
OS:CentOS 6.6
[oracle@ct6603 ~]$ sqlplus system/system
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Nov 5 17:11:31 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Sat Nov 05 2016 17:11:12 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
#建測試表
SQL> create table tb_rowid tablespace users as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
#記錄時間
SQL> set timing on
#設定自動提交
SQL> set autocommit on
#跟蹤統計資訊
SQL> set autotrace on stat
#表tb_rowid上無物化檢視日誌
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量1249324，耗時00:00:00.21
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.21
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
42 recursive calls
1105 db block gets
497 consistent gets
508 physical reads
1249324 redo size
859 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量1248532，耗時00:00:00.17
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.17
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
4 recursive calls
1087 db block gets
324 consistent gets
245 physical reads
1248532 redo size
861 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量4147948，耗時00:00:00.50
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.50
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
9 recursive calls
11277 db block gets
225 consistent gets
276 physical reads
4147948 redo size
861 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量4164704，耗時00:00:00.60
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.60
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
3 recursive calls
11293 db block gets
319 consistent gets
104 physical reads
4164704 redo size
863 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量2725824，耗時00:00:00.48
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=1 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.48
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
8 recursive calls
10233 db block gets
548 consistent gets
145 physical reads
2725824 redo size
863 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量957056，耗時00:00:00.13
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.13
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
8 recursive calls
294 db block gets
548 consistent gets
0 physical reads
957056 redo size
864 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
2 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量961224，耗時00:00:00.14
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.14
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
294 db block gets
489 consistent gets
0 physical reads
961224 redo size
864 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#表tb_rowid上有物化檢視日誌
#建物化檢視日誌
SQL> create materialized view log on tb_rowid with rowid including new values;
Materialized view log created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.34
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量10905808，耗時00:00:03.73
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
176 recursive calls
43316 db block gets
1227 consistent gets
104 physical reads
10905808 redo size
862 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
14 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11015104，耗時00:00:04.03
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:04.03
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
32 recursive calls
42863 db block gets
6438 consistent gets
2 physical reads
11015104 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11019692，耗時00:00:03.88
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.88
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
43 recursive calls
42877 db block gets
572 consistent gets
27 physical reads
11019692 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量11010468，耗時00:00:03.73
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:03.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
18 recursive calls
42846 db block gets
592 consistent gets
0 physical reads
11010468 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量16150340，耗時00:00:06.94
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.94
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
51 recursive calls
73132 db block gets
1292 consistent gets
109 physical reads
16150340 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量16078152，耗時00:00:07.19
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:07.19
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
30 recursive calls
91767 db block gets
1160 consistent gets
1 physical reads
16078152 redo size
865 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#表tb_rowid上有快速重新整理物化檢視
#建物化檢視mv_tb_rowid
SQL> create materialized view mv_tb_rowid tablespace users refresh fast on commit with rowid as select * from tb_rowid;
Materialized view created.
Elapsed: 00:00:29.52
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量20177192，耗時00:00:08.98
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.98
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1415 recursive calls
98178 db block gets
4696 consistent gets
412 physical reads
20177192 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
870 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
92 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#插入9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量19942160，耗時00:00:07.26
SQL> insert into tb_rowid select * from tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows created.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:07.26
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
223 recursive calls
97346 db block gets
7576 consistent gets
1 physical reads
19942160 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
871 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量25751700，耗時00:00:08.75
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.75
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
227 recursive calls
136425 db block gets
2362 consistent gets
0 physical reads
25751700 redo size
866 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#刪除9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量25890548，耗時00:00:08.73
SQL> delete tb_rowid where rownum<10000;
9999 rows deleted.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:08.73
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
204 recursive calls
136332 db block gets
2223 consistent gets
241 physical reads
25890548 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
842 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
22 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量42848860，耗時00:00:18.52
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:18.52
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
902 recursive calls
249586 db block gets
5487 consistent gets
292 physical reads
42848860 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
24 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
#更新9999筆記錄，Redolog產生量43267360，耗時00:00:16.95
SQL> update tb_rowid set object_id=2 where rownum<10000;
9999 rows updated.
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:16.95
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
215 recursive calls
250097 db block gets
4048 consistent gets
0 physical reads
43267360 redo size
868 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
858 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
22 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
9999 rows processed
總結：
表上無物化檢視日誌 表上有物化檢視日誌 表上有物化檢視日誌且有一個快速重新整理的物化檢視
插入 1M/0.21秒 10M/3.73秒 20M/8.98秒
刪除 4M/0.5秒 10M/3.88秒 25M/8.75秒
更新 1M/0.13秒 15M/6.94秒 40M/18.52秒
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