Oracle異機恢復執行startup nomount時報錯ORA-1565、ORA-27037、RMAN-4014

使用RMAN進行異機恢復的時候，執行STARTUP NOMOUNT報錯：

[oracle@backup-recovery ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=gtfdb;
[oracle@backup-recovery ~]$ rman nocatalog

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 22 16:16:04 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect target /

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> set dbid 4241661131;

executing command: SET DBID

RMAN> startup nomount

startup failed: ORA-1078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-1565: error in identifying file 
'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initgtfdb.ora'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
SVR4 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
RMAN-571: ===========================================================
RMAN-569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-571: ===========================================================
RMAN-3002: failure of startup command at 02/05/2010 10:06:16
RMAN-4014: startup failed: ORA-4031: unable to allocate 84672 bytes of 
shared memory ("shared pool","unknown object","sga heap(1,0)","ksuloi: long op statistics array")

解決方法：

[oracle@backup-recovery ~]$ export ORA_RMAN_SGA_TARGET=350
[oracle@backup-recovery ~]$ rman nocatalog

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 22 16:16:04 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect target /

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> set dbid 4241661131;

executing command: SET DBID

RMAN> startup nomount

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area   18907013120 bytes

Fixed Size                     2236288 bytes
Variable Size               7650410624 bytes
Database Buffers           11207180288 bytes
Redo Buffers                  47185920 bytes